Entrepreneurial Management

- Fall 2025
- Article
The Rise of Remote Work: Evidence on Productivity and Preferences from Firm and Worker Surveys

By: Alexander Bartik, Zoë Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca and Christopher Stanton

Drawing on surveys of small business owners and employees, we present three main findings about the evolution of remote work after the onset of COVID-19. First, uptake of remote work was abrupt and widespread in jobs suitable for telework according to the task-based measure from Dingel and Neiman (2020). The initial adoption lead to a persistent shift in work arrangements that both firms and workers forecast would continue into the future. Second, business leaders’ perceptions of how remote work affected productivity shifted over time. In early 2020, 70 percent of small business owners reported a productivity dip due to remote work. By contrast, the median business owner reported a positive productivity impact of remote work by 2021. Third, 21 percent of workers report being willing to accept a pay cut in excess of 10 percent if it allowed them to continue working from home, but the median worker in a teleworkable job would not tradeoff any compensation for the option of continued remote work. Taken together, our evidence points to perceived productivity gains and some workers’ preferences as reasons for the persistence of remote work in the years following the onset of COVID-19.
- Fall 2025
- Article
The Rise of Remote Work: Evidence on Productivity and Preferences from Firm and Worker Surveys

By: Alexander Bartik, Zoë Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca and Christopher Stanton

Drawing on surveys of small business owners and employees, we present three main findings about the evolution of remote work after the onset of COVID-19. First, uptake of remote work was abrupt and widespread in jobs suitable for telework according to the task-based measure from Dingel and Neiman (2020). The initial adoption lead to a persistent...
- 2025
- Working Paper
Updating and Expanding the Workforce Almanac: A System-Level View of U.S. Workforce Training Providers

By: Joseph B. Fuller, Alexis Gable, Tessa Forshaw, Jacob Hale, Nathalie Gazzaneo and Gani Simsek

This working paper describes the latest updates to the Workforce Almanac—a first-of-its-kind effort to understand workforce training at a system-wide level—following its launch in November 2023.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Updating and Expanding the Workforce Almanac: A System-Level View of U.S. Workforce Training Providers

By: Joseph B. Fuller, Alexis Gable, Tessa Forshaw, Jacob Hale, Nathalie Gazzaneo and Gani Simsek

This working paper describes the latest updates to the Workforce Almanac—a first-of-its-kind effort to understand workforce training at a system-wide level—following its launch in November 2023.
- August 2025
- Case
VelaVigo: Navigating the Uncertainties of Preclinical Development of Complex Biologics

By: Satish Tadikonda, Amanda McEwen, William Marks and Eastine Chen
- August 2025
- Case
VelaVigo: Navigating the Uncertainties of Preclinical Development of Complex Biologics

By: Satish Tadikonda, Amanda McEwen, William Marks and Eastine Chen

About the Unit

The Entrepreneurial Management Unit strives to raise the level of academic work in the field of entrepreneurship, in methodological rigor, conceptual depth, and managerial applicability. We also strive to improve the odds of entrepreneurial success for our students and for practitioners worldwide.

Because it is such a complex phenomenon, entrepreneurship must be studied through multiple lenses. We use three.

The process of entrepreneurship - We seek to understand the processes of entrepreneurial activity in start-ups and established firms by examining the antecedents and consequences of various forms of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and opportunity pursuit for individuals, organizations, and industries. We see experimentation and innovation in products, services, processes, and business models as central to entrepreneurial activity.
The finance of entrepreneurship - We seek to understand the financing of entrepreneurial ventures by studying the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurial funding decisions both domestically and internationally.
The context of entrepreneurship - We seek to understand the ways in which entrepreneurs both respond to and shape the context in which they operate, by examining the history of entrepreneurship across time and national borders and by analyzing the legal and cultural contexts for managerial action.

Please also visit the Arthur Rock Center for Entrepreneurship.

Recent Publications

The Rise of Remote Work: Evidence on Productivity and Preferences from Firm and Worker Surveys

By: Alexander Bartik, Zoë Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca and Christopher Stanton

Fall 2025 |
Article |
Journal of Economics & Management Strategy

Drawing on surveys of small business owners and employees, we present three main findings about the evolution of remote work after the onset of COVID-19. First, uptake of remote work was abrupt and widespread in jobs suitable for telework according to the task-based measure from Dingel and Neiman (2020). The initial adoption lead to a persistent shift in work arrangements that both firms and workers forecast would continue into the future. Second, business leaders’ perceptions of how remote work affected productivity shifted over time. In early 2020, 70 percent of small business owners reported a productivity dip due to remote work. By contrast, the median business owner reported a positive productivity impact of remote work by 2021. Third, 21 percent of workers report being willing to accept a pay cut in excess of 10 percent if it allowed them to continue working from home, but the median worker in a teleworkable job would not tradeoff any compensation for the option of continued remote work. Taken together, our evidence points to perceived productivity gains and some workers’ preferences as reasons for the persistence of remote work in the years following the onset of COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Remote Work; Health Pandemics; Jobs and Positions; Demographics; Surveys

VC Journey Vignettes

By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Maxim Pike Harrell

August 2025 |
Teaching Plan |
Faculty Research

Teaching Plan for HBS Case Nos. 824-205, 824-206, 824-207.

Citation

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Updating and Expanding the Workforce Almanac: A System-Level View of U.S. Workforce Training Providers

By: Joseph B. Fuller, Alexis Gable, Tessa Forshaw, Jacob Hale, Nathalie Gazzaneo and Gani Simsek

2025 |
Working Paper |
Faculty Research

This working paper describes the latest updates to the Workforce Almanac—a first-of-its-kind effort to understand workforce training at a system-wide level—following its launch in November 2023.

Keywords: Training; Employment; Competency and Skills

Citation

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