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- September 2025
- Article
Organizational Emplacement as a Response to Digital Threat: The Novel Resurgence of Independent Bookstores
By: Ryan Raffaelli and Ryann Noe
This study reveals how incumbent actors leverage physical place as source of differentiation in response to the threat of digital commoditization. Through a longitudinal, qualitative analysis of the U.S. independent bookselling industry from 1995 to 2019, we outline... View Details
- August 2025
- Technical Note
Management Services Organizations (MSOs) and Management Services Agreements (MSAs) in U.S. Healthcare
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Brian L. Walker
- 2025
- Working Paper
Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions
By: Julian De Freitas, Zeliha Oğuz-Uğuralp and Ahmet Kaan-Uğuralp
AI-companion apps such as Replika, Chai, and Character.ai promise relational benefits—yet many boast session lengths that rival gaming platforms while suffering high long-run churn. What conversational design features increase consumer engagement, and what trade-offs... View Details
- Article
Faith and Assimilation: Italian Immigrants in the U.S.
By: Stefano Gagliarducci and Marco Tabellini
How do ethnic religious organizations influence immigrant assimilation? To answer this question, we assemble novel data from the Catholic directories to measure the presence of Italian Catholic churches in the US between 1890 and 1920, when four million Italians moved... View Details
- July 2025 (Revised July 2025)
- Case
Elon Musk, 2025: The Master of Big Bets?
By: David B. Yoffie
This case explores Elon Musk’s influence across business and politics in 2025, as he navigates the challenges of simultaneously leading multiple companies, such as Tesla, SpaceX, and xAI, while briefly serving in the U.S. government. It examines Musk’s high-stakes bets... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
Osteoboost: Go-To-Market Strategy in a Healthcare Startup
Osteoboost focuses on how a health care Medtech startup with a new device for treating osteopenia. The firm decides among alternative go-to-market strategies, including B2B (the firm to healthcare providers), DTC (directly to consumers), or some combination of the two... View Details
- July 2025
- Background Note
Financing for Small Businesses in the U.S.
By: Brian Trelstad and Jonah Zahnd
- July–August 2025
- Article
Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Engagement with Open Source Communities, Innovation, and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub
By: Annamaria Conti, Christian Peukert and Maria P. Roche
We study the engagement of nascent firms with open source communities and its implications for innovation and attracting funding. To do so, we link data on 160,065 U.S. startups from Crunchbase to their activities on the open source software development platform... View Details
- 2025
- Working Paper
The Extent and Drivers of Internal Agglomeration of U.S. Multi-Unit Firms
By: Juan Alcácer and Jasmina Chauvin
This paper examines the extent and determinants of internal agglomeration—the spatial clustering of establishments within firms. It introduces a novel methodology that benchmarks a firm’s spatial footprint against that of comparable stand-alone firms, yielding a... View Details
- June 2025
- Case
Crossing Borders, Dividing Politics: U.S. Immigration Policy and Political Polarization
By: Marco Tabellini and Alexis Lefort
This case explores the history and political dynamics of U.S. immigration policy, focusing on its evolution from the 18th century to 2025. It traces key legislative milestones, such as the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act, DACA, and the 2025 Laken Riley Act,... View Details
- June 2025
- Teaching Note
Hacking the U.S. Election: Russia's Misinformation Campaign
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
- June 2025
- Case
Zerodha
By: Das Narayandas and Kairavi Dey
Zerodha Broking Pvt. Ltd. (Zerodha) was among India's largest online broking platforms. Nithin and Nikhil Kamath started Zerodha to empower retail investors and remove the hurdles to investing in stocks. The company pioneered tech-first discount broking, charging... View Details
Keywords: Financial Services Industry
- May 2025
- Article
Punitive but Discerning: Reputation Can Fuel Ambiguously-Deserved Punishment, but Does Not Erode Sensitivity to Nuance
By: Jillian J. Jordan and Nour S. Kteily
The desire to appear virtuous can motivate people to punish wrongdoers, a desirable outcome when punishment is clearly deserved. Yet claims that “virtue signaling” is fueling a culture of outrage suggest that reputation concerns may inspire even potentially unmerited... View Details
- 2025
- Working Paper
Small Business Innovation Applied to National Needs
By: Kyle Myers, Lauren Lanahan and Evan E. Johnson
Small businesses have long supplied a disproportionate share of major innovations in the United States. We review a centerpiece policy on this topic: the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. We trace its legislative history and summarize program... View Details
- 2025
- Working Paper
Fiscal Externalities of Transaction Taxes: Evidence from the Los Angeles Mansion Tax
By: Daniel Green, Vikram Jambulapati, Jack Liebersohn and Tejaswi Velayudhan
We estimate the fiscal externalities of a property transfer tax, the Los Angeles
“Mansion Tax”, on the revenues from property taxes when assessed values are closely
tied to transactions. In California, as in over half of U.S. states, growth in tax as-
sessments... View Details
- June 2025
- Article
Collusion in Brokered Markets
By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers and Richard Lowery
High commissions in the U.S. residential real estate agency market present a puzzle for economic theory because brokerage is not a concentrated industry. We model brokered markets as a game in which agents post prices for customers and then choose which other agents to... View Details
Keywords: Real Estate Agents; Real Estate; Realtors; Broker Networks; Brokerage; Brokerage Commissions; ＂Brokerage Industry; Brokered Markets; Brokering; Brokers; Industrial Organization; Repeated Game Framework; ＂Repeated Games＂; Collusion; Antitrust; Microeconomics; Market Design; Theory; Game Theory; Real Estate Industry
- 2025
- Working Paper
Pushing the Envelope: The Effects of Salary Negotiations
By: Zoë B. Cullen, Bobak Pakzad-Hurson and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
Salary negotiations are a widespread phenomenon that can shape key labor market outcomes, such as welfare and inequality. We provide novel empirical and theoretical insights into the causes and consequences of salary negotiations. We conducted two field experiments... View Details
- June 2025
- Article
Social Security and Trends in Wealth Inequality
By: Sylvain Catherine, Max Miller and Natasha Sarin
Recent influential work finds large increases in inequality in the U.S. based on measures of wealth concentration that notably exclude the value of social insurance programs. This paper shows that top wealth shares have not changed much over the last three decades when... View Details
- June 2025
- Article
What Board-level Control Mechanisms Changed in Banks Following the 2008 Financial Crisis? A Descriptive Study
By: Shelly Li, Shivram Rajgopal, Suraj Srinivasan and Yu Ting Forester Wong
Following the 2008 financial crisis, the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC) identified major shortcomings in bank board governance, contributing to systemic risk management failures. This study adapts a management control framework and empirically examines... View Details
- 2025
- Working Paper
Trade Within Multinational Boundaries
By: Laura Alfaro, Paola Conconi, Fariha Kamal and Zachary Kroff
We leverage newly linked data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis to study transactions within U.S. multinational enterprises (MNEs). We show that using administrative data on intrafirm trade allows us to correct for measurement error... View Details