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      • September–October 2025
      • Article

      How Digital Integration Is Reconfiguring Value Chains

      By: Antonio Moreno
      While companies have been “unbundling” their operations and outsourcing tasks for decades, advances in IT are now helping them take that strategy to a whole new level. These technologies make it possible to digitally integrate workflows across organizations, letting... View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Technology Adoption; Digital Transformation
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      Moreno, Antonio. "How Digital Integration Is Reconfiguring Value Chains." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 5 (September–October 2025).
      • Fall 2025
      • Article

      The Rise of Remote Work: Evidence on Productivity and Preferences from Firm and Worker Surveys

      By: Alexander Bartik, Zoë Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca and Christopher Stanton
      Drawing on surveys of small business owners and employees, we present three main findings about the evolution of remote work after the onset of COVID-19. First, uptake of remote work was abrupt and widespread in jobs suitable for telework according to the task-based... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Remote Work; Health Pandemics; Jobs and Positions; Demographics; Surveys
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      Bartik, Alexander, Zoë Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca, and Christopher Stanton. "The Rise of Remote Work: Evidence on Productivity and Preferences from Firm and Worker Surveys." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 34, no. 3 (Fall 2025): 759–772.
      • August 2025
      • Case

      Must B Nutty?

      By: Christina Wallace, Martha Hostetter and Alicia Dadlani
      Veronica and Miguel Garza, siblings from a large Mexican-American family from Texas, founded a company in 2014 to sell the almond-flour tortillas Veronica had developed to fit her grain-free diet. Their company, Must Be Nutty, tapped into growing demand for... View Details
      Keywords: Acquisition; Valuation; Family Business; Family Ownership; Small Business; Brands and Branding; Product Marketing; Distribution Channels; Market Entry and Exit; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Wallace, Christina, Martha Hostetter, and Alicia Dadlani. "Must B Nutty?" Harvard Business School Case 826-004, August 2025.
      • August 2025
      • Article

      Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Olivia S. Kim, Jonathan A. Parker and Antoinette Schoar
      Using financial account data linking small businesses to their owner households, we examine how business owners’ consumption responded to changes in business revenues during the COVID-19 crisis. In the first two months following the National Emergency, business... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue; Small Business; Health Pandemics; Spending; Consumer Behavior
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      Kim, Olivia S., Jonathan A. Parker, and Antoinette Schoar. "Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the COVID-19 Pandemic." Art. 104079. Journal of Financial Economics 170 (August 2025).
      • July 2025
      • Background Note

      Financing for Small Businesses in the U.S.

      By: Brian Trelstad and Jonah Zahnd
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Jonah Zahnd. "Financing for Small Businesses in the U.S. ." Harvard Business School Background Note 325-107, July 2025.
      • July 2025
      • Article

      Digital Lending and Financial Well-Being: Through the Lens of Mobile Phone Data

      By: AJ Chen, Omri Even-Tov, Jung Koo Kang and Regina Wittenberg-Moerman
      To mitigate information asymmetry about borrowers in developing economies, digital lenders use machine-learning algorithms and nontraditional data from borrowers’ mobile devices. Consequently, digital lenders have managed to expand access to credit for millions of... View Details
      Keywords: Informal Economy; Digital Banking; Mobile Phones; Developing Countries and Economies; Mobile and Wireless Technology; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Credit; Borrowing and Debt; Well-being; Banking Industry; Kenya
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      Chen, AJ, Omri Even-Tov, Jung Koo Kang, and Regina Wittenberg-Moerman. "Digital Lending and Financial Well-Being: Through the Lens of Mobile Phone Data." Accounting Review 100, no. 4 (July 2025): 135–159.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      Konko AI: Automating Work with AI Agents

      By: Shikhar Ghosh, Shweta Bagai and Liang Wu
      In January 2025, Jean Marc Goguikian and Michael Haddad, co-founders of Konko AI, faced a critical strategic decision. After the company’s developer platform for private large language models (LLMs) struggled to gain traction, they had pivoted to building AI sales... View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Customer Relationship Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Positioning; Product Development; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Strategy; Customization and Personalization; Technology Industry; Latin America
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, Shweta Bagai, and Liang Wu. "Konko AI: Automating Work with AI Agents." Harvard Business School Case 825-145, June 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Small Business Innovation Applied to National Needs

      By: Kyle Myers, Lauren Lanahan and Evan E. Johnson
      Small businesses have long supplied a disproportionate share of major innovations in the United States. We review a centerpiece policy on this topic: the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. We trace its legislative history and summarize program... View Details
      Keywords: Small Business; Innovation and Invention; Government Legislation; Entrepreneurial Finance; Business and Government Relations
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      Myers, Kyle, Lauren Lanahan, and Evan E. Johnson. "Small Business Innovation Applied to National Needs." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-062, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      Vail Resorts: Responding to Activist Pressure (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Edward A. Meyer
      On January 27, 2025, the head of a relatively small hedge fund named Late Apex Partners sent a highly critical letter to the board of directors of Vail Resorts, the world’s largest ski resort operator. In his letter, and the 88-slide presentation that accompanied his... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Finance; Capital Budgeting; Corporate Governance; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Leading Change; Valuation; Investment Activism; Climate Change; Management Succession; Financial Management; Risk Management; Business and Shareholder Relations; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Travel Industry; United States; Australia; Canada
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Edward A. Meyer. "Vail Resorts: Responding to Activist Pressure (A)." Harvard Business School Case 225-082, June 2025.
      • May 2025 (Revised June 2025)
      • Background Note

      Social Enterprise in Latin America

      By: Brian L. Trelstad and Karina Souza
      This research note provides an overview of the social enterprise ecosystem in Latin America, exploring current dynamics across key markets, including country-specific insights on Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, and Central America. In a region characterized... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Developing Countries and Economies; Social Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Ownership; Social Enterprise; Business Strategy; Equality and Inequality; Microfinance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Latin America; Brazil; Mexico; Argentina; Colombia; Chile; Guatemala; Central America; Peru; Uruguay
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      Trelstad, Brian L., and Karina Souza. "Social Enterprise in Latin America." Harvard Business School Background Note 325-117, May 2025. (Revised June 2025.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Data-driven Technologies and Local Information Advantages in Small Business Lending

      By: Wilbur Chen, Jung Koo Kang and Aditya Mohan
      We investigate whether banks' adoption of data-driven technologies influences competitive dynamics in local small business lending by diminishing the information advantages traditionally held by local banks. Using local newspaper closures as an adverse shock to the... View Details
      Keywords: Data-driven Technologies; Local Information Advantages; Local Banks; Relationship Lending; Small Business Loans; Small Business; Local Range; Financing and Loans; Banks and Banking; Analytics and Data Science; Banking Industry
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      Chen, Wilbur, Jung Koo Kang, and Aditya Mohan. "Data-driven Technologies and Local Information Advantages in Small Business Lending." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-057, May 2025.
      • May 2025
      • Case

      Wilburn Medical USA

      By: David Ager, Lynda M. Applegate and James Barnett
      In September 2024, Emily Wilburn Andrews, CEO of Wilburn Medical USA, is five years into her tenure leading the medical equipment supply company since taking over for her father, the company’s founder. She considers approaches to grow the company while maintaining the... View Details
      Keywords: Small Business; Change Management; Decision Making; Values and Beliefs; Health; Medical Specialties; Leadership; Mission and Purpose; Family Business; Health Industry; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; United States
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      Ager, David, Lynda M. Applegate, and James Barnett. "Wilburn Medical USA." Harvard Business School Case 825-039, May 2025.
      • May 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Humana Commits to Value-Based Care

      By: V.G. Narayanan, Henry Eyring and David Lane
      In late 2023, CEO Bruce Broussard reviewed health insurer Humana’s transformation into a value-based care ecosystem. Under its CenterWell brand, the several millions of members in Humana Medicare Advantage plans now had access to Humana-provided primary care, home... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Units; Financing and Loans; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Service Operations; Mergers and Acquisitions; Insurance; Health Care and Treatment; Partners and Partnerships; Health Industry; Insurance Industry; United States
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      Narayanan, V.G., Henry Eyring, and David Lane. "Humana Commits to Value-Based Care." Harvard Business School Case 125-013, May 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Giving Up on a Passion: Elizabeth Rowe at the Boston Symphony Orchestra

      By: Jon M. Jachimowicz, Maisie Wiltshire-Gordon and Alexis Lefort
      For 20 years, Elizabeth Rowe was a world-renowned principal flutist with the Boston Symphony Orchestra. But in 2024, Rowe decided to leave her position to pursue a new full-time career as a leadership coach. At 50, Rowe was well under the typical retirement age, and,... View Details
      Keywords: Arts; Small Business; Social Media; Cost vs Benefits; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decisions; Learning; Music Entertainment; Values and Beliefs; Creativity; Happiness; Identity; Interests; Satisfaction; Motivation and Incentives; Prejudice and Bias; Reputation; Culture; Resignation and Termination; Personal Development and Career; Consulting Industry; Fine Arts Industry; Music Industry; United States
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      Jachimowicz, Jon M., Maisie Wiltshire-Gordon, and Alexis Lefort. "Giving Up on a Passion: Elizabeth Rowe at the Boston Symphony Orchestra." Harvard Business School Case 425-037, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Navigating Choppy Waters: How U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty Affects Small Businesses

      By: David Atkin, Zoë Cullen and Ebehi Iyoha
      This paper explores the impact of recent changes in the US trade policy environment on small businesses. Drawing on a survey of more than 4,000 small businesses conducted between March 22 and 31, 2025, we examine firms’ knowledge, expectations, and decisions during... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Risk and Uncertainty; Government Legislation; Globalization; International Relations; Small Business
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      Atkin, David, Zoë Cullen, and Ebehi Iyoha. "Navigating Choppy Waters: How U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty Affects Small Businesses." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-048, April 2025.
      • March 27, 2025
      • Article

      How One Company Used AI to Broaden Its Customer Base

      By: Sunil Gupta and Frank V. Cespedes
      The software company SAP successfully leveraged AI tools to begin selling to the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) market, which had previously been uneconomical for its in-person sales approach. By mapping the customer journey and deploying over 40 AI tools, SAP... View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Sales; Business Strategy; Market Entry and Exit
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      Gupta, Sunil, and Frank V. Cespedes. "How One Company Used AI to Broaden Its Customer Base." Harvard Business Review (website) (March 27, 2025).
      • March 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Primetime Partners: Investing in Healthspan, Wealthspan, and Workspan

      By: Rembrand Koning, Nicole Tempest Keller and Susan Wilner Golden
      In the fall of 2024, Abby Miller Levy (HBS ’01), co-founder and managing partner of Primetime Partners, was preparing to raise a second fund. Founded in 2020 with veteran investor Alan Patricof, Primetime was a horizontal fund focused on early-stage companies serving... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Age; Social Issues; Financing and Loans; Investment Return; Business Strategy; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Koning, Rembrand, Nicole Tempest Keller, and Susan Wilner Golden. "Primetime Partners: Investing in Healthspan, Wealthspan, and Workspan." Harvard Business School Case 825-095, March 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Arsenal Capital Partners' Refinancing of Pinnacle

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Srimayi Mylavarapu
      Arsenal Capital Partners’ portfolio company, Pinnacle, a leading producer of high-performance adhesive technologies, has experienced rapid growth under Arsenal’s ownership. Over just two years, Pinnacle's EBITDA increased from $13.5 million to $60 million. By mid-2021,... View Details
      Keywords: Business Exit or Shutdown; Decision Choices and Conditions; Private Equity; Financing and Loans; Growth Management
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Srimayi Mylavarapu. "Arsenal Capital Partners' Refinancing of Pinnacle." Harvard Business School Case 225-075, January 2025.
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Untapped Global: Financing Africa's Missing Middle

      By: Raymond Kluender and Emanuele Colonnelli
      In November 2024, Jim Chu, founder and CEO of Untapped Global, faced mounting internal tensions over the company’s strategic direction. Untapped had developed a data-driven revenue-based financing (RBF) model to address the “missing middle” problem—the $5.2 trillion... View Details
      Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Working Capital; Private Equity; Financial Strategy; Microfinance; International Finance; Currency Exchange Rate; Profit Sharing; Revenue; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Growth; Emerging Markets; Mission and Purpose; Small Business; Entrepreneurial Finance; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Africa; Nigeria; South Africa; Kenya; Uganda; California; San Francisco
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      Kluender, Raymond, and Emanuele Colonnelli. "Untapped Global: Financing Africa's Missing Middle." Harvard Business School Case 825-056, January 2025.
      • January 2025
      • Case

      PayJoy: Financing for the Next Billion

      By: Boris Groysberg and Sarah L. Abbott
      PayJoy, an impact-driven financial technology company founded in 2015, provides smartphone financing and other financial products to customers who lack access to traditional credit products. As of early 2025, PayJoy had issued $2.5 billion in loans to 13 million... View Details
      Keywords: Social Impact; Fintech; Underbanked; Algorithm; Data Analysis; Technology; Business Startups; Business Model; Growth and Development; Information Technology; Social Enterprise; Developing Countries and Economies; Credit; Mission and Purpose; Entrepreneurship; Financing and Loans; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; South America; South Africa; Asia; Latin America; Africa; Southeast Asia
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      Groysberg, Boris, and Sarah L. Abbott. "PayJoy: Financing for the Next Billion." Harvard Business School Case 425-036, January 2025.
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