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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (934)
      • Faculty Publications  (42)

      Meaningful WorkRemove Meaningful Work →

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      • November–December 2024
      • Article

      Why Employees Quit

      By: Ethan Bernstein, Michael B. Horn and Bob Moesta
      The so-called war for talent is still raging. But in that fight, employers continue to rely on the same hiring and retention strategies they’ve been using for decades. Why? Because they’ve been so focused on challenges such as poaching by industry rivals, competing in... View Details
      Keywords: Retention; Recruitment; Talent and Talent Management; Employee Relationship Management; Motivation and Incentives
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      Bernstein, Ethan, Michael B. Horn, and Bob Moesta. "Why Employees Quit." Harvard Business Review 102, no. 6 (November–December 2024): 44–54.
      • March 2024
      • Article

      Do Safety Management System Standards Indicate Safer Operations? Evidence from the OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Standard

      By: Kala Viswanathan, Matthew S. Johnson and Michael W. Toffel
      Problem definition: Given the enormous disruptions and costs of occupational injuries, companies and buyers are increasingly looking to voluntary occupational health and safety standards to improve worker safety. Yet because these standards only require... View Details
      Keywords: Occupational Health; Occupational Safety; Program Evaluation; Safety Performance; Injuries; OHSAS 18001; ISO 45001; Working Conditions; Safety; Standards
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      Viswanathan, Kala, Matthew S. Johnson, and Michael W. Toffel. "Do Safety Management System Standards Indicate Safer Operations? Evidence from the OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Standard." Art. 106383. Safety Science 171 (March 2024).
      • 2024
      • Report

      Overcoming Barriers to Resolving Gaza and Beyond

      By: James K. Sebenius
      As of early January 2024, discussion of the Gaza war heavily focuses on its humanitarian costs, cease fire possibilities, hostage prospects, and “day after” options. Yet what longer-term strategy guides actions on these vital issues while offering a more positive... View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation; War; International Relations; Israel; Middle East
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      Sebenius, James K. "Overcoming Barriers to Resolving Gaza and Beyond." Report, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, January 2024.
      • September 2023
      • Case

      Derek Aguirre

      By: Leslie Perlow and Hannah Weisman
      Derek Aguirre is the executive director of a nonprofit organization in Detroit, Michigan that uses the sport of squash as a vehicle to support young people in low-income urban areas. The case discusses his path to pursue meaningful work and his reflections on the... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Job Search; Happiness; Well-being; Work-Life Balance; Nonprofit Organizations; Social Enterprise; Business Startups; Sports; Education; Mission and Purpose; Education Industry; Sports Industry; Service Industry; United States; Boston; Detroit
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      Perlow, Leslie, and Hannah Weisman. "Derek Aguirre." Harvard Business School Case 424-019, September 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Technical Note

      Two Ways of Pursuing a Calling

      By: Leslie Perlow and Hannah Weisman
      Work can be a means to a financial end, a stepping stone to higher-level jobs, or a meaningful end in itself: a calling. The technical note provides an overview of two different ways people can pursue a calling: with an internal focus or external focus. View Details
      Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Job Search; Job Design and Levels; Happiness; Identity; Well-being; Motivation and Incentives; Human Needs; Satisfaction; Mission and Purpose; Health Industry; Music Industry; Education Industry; Fine Arts Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry
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      Perlow, Leslie, and Hannah Weisman. "Two Ways of Pursuing a Calling." Harvard Business School Technical Note 424-023, August 2023.
      • March 2023 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Close Concerns: Diabetes Research and Advocacy

      By: Regina Herzlinger and Brian L. Walker
      Diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 18, Kelly Close understood the importance of balancing consistency and iteration. This principle had also informed her professional work, which started with a rapid promotion from financial analyst at Goldman Sachs to an analyst... View Details
      Keywords: Diabetes; Health; Health Care; Health Care And Treatment; Health Care Outcomes; Health Care Industry; Knowledge Dissemination; Outcome or Result; Equality and Inequality; Business Model; Entrepreneurship
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      Herzlinger, Regina, and Brian L. Walker. "Close Concerns: Diabetes Research and Advocacy." Harvard Business School Case 323-047, March 2023. (Revised March 2025.)
      • 2022
      • Article

      Pills in a World of Activism and ESG

      By: Guhan Subramanian and Caley Petrucci
      Easterbrook and Fischel’s The Economic Structure of Corporate Law advances their now famous passivity thesis, which posits that managers should remain passive in the face of an unsolicited tender offer for the company’s shares. Consistent with the broader... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Activism; Governance Controls; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Subramanian, Guhan, and Caley Petrucci. "Pills in a World of Activism and ESG." University of Chicago Business Law Review 1 (2022): 417–439.
      • 2022
      • White Paper

      The American Opportunity Index: A Corporate Scorecard of Worker Advancement

      By: Matt Sigelman, Joseph Fuller, Nik Dawson and Gad Levanon
      The American Opportunity Index: A Corporate Scorecard of Worker Advancement is a new effort to give companies and other stakeholders a set of robust tools that measure how well major employers are doing in fostering economic mobility for workers and how they could do... View Details
      Keywords: Upward Mobility; Career Advancement; Personal Development and Career; Compensation and Benefits; Employees; Wages; Human Capital; Recruitment
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      Sigelman, Matt, Joseph Fuller, Nik Dawson, and Gad Levanon. "The American Opportunity Index: A Corporate Scorecard of Worker Advancement." White Paper, Burning Glass Institute, October 2022 (A joint project with Harvard Business School Project on Managing the Future of Work and Schultz Family Foundation.)
      • March 22, 2022
      • Article

      The Great Resignation or the Great Rethink?

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      Unsettled by the pandemic, most people are considering our jobs with fresh perspective. Some are quitting, in what has been dubbed the Great Resignation. But, for many, it’s more of a Great Rethink. Do we really like our employers’ culture? Do we feel that we’re fairly... View Details
      Keywords: Employees; Personal Development and Career
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      Gulati, Ranjay. "The Great Resignation or the Great Rethink?" Harvard Business Review (website) (March 22, 2022).
      • 2022
      • Book

      Deep Purpose: The Heart and Soul of High-Performance Companies

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      This book offers a compelling reassessment and defense of purpose as a management ethos, documenting the vast performance gains and social benefits that become possible when firms manage to get purpose right. Few business topics have aroused more skepticism in recent... View Details
      Keywords: Purpose; Business And Society; Organizations; Mission and Purpose; Performance Effectiveness; Organizational Culture
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      Gulati, Ranjay. Deep Purpose: The Heart and Soul of High-Performance Companies. New York: Harper Business, 2022.
      • December 2, 2021
      • Article

      Former Best Buy CEO Hubert Joly: Empowering Workers to Create ‘Magic’

      By: Hubert Joly and Adi Ignatius
      Hubert Joly was behind an amazing turnaround at Best Buy. While everybody was saying he should lay people off to solve the company’s problems, Joly instead listened to the people working for him and found solutions that didn’t involve people losing their jobs.... View Details
      Keywords: Purpose; Meaningful Work; Employee Empowerment; Mission and Purpose; Employees; Organizational Culture; Leadership
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      Joly, Hubert, and Adi Ignatius. "Former Best Buy CEO Hubert Joly: Empowering Workers to Create ‘Magic’." Harvard Business Review (website) (December 2, 2021). (Interview with Adi Ignatius, with embedded video.)
      • Article

      Work Group Rituals Enhance the Meaning of Work

      By: Tami Kim, Ovul Sezer, Juliana Schroeder, Jane L. Risen, Francesca Gino and Michael I. Norton
      The many benefits of finding meaning in work suggest the importance of identifying activities that increase job meaningfulness. The current paper identifies one such activity: engaging in rituals with workgroups. Five studies (N = 1,099) provide evidence that... View Details
      Keywords: Groups; Meaningfulness; Task Meaning; Ritual; Teams; Organizational Citizenship; Groups and Teams; Behavior; Familiarity
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      Kim, Tami, Ovul Sezer, Juliana Schroeder, Jane L. Risen, Francesca Gino, and Michael I. Norton. "Work Group Rituals Enhance the Meaning of Work." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 165 (July 2021): 197–212.
      • August 2020
      • Case

      Sangu Delle

      By: Leslie Perlow and Matthew Preble
      By 2020, Sangu Delle (MBA 2016) has already made significant progress towards his life-long goal of solving Africa’s myriad and diverse challenges. At 33 years old, he is the founder and chairman of the for-profit Golden Palm Investments Corporation, CEO of Africa... View Details
      Keywords: Impact; Impact Investing; Mental Health; Social Capitalism; Entrepreneurship; Investment; Health Care and Treatment; Personal Development and Career; Health Industry; Africa
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      Perlow, Leslie, and Matthew Preble. "Sangu Delle." Harvard Business School Case 421-031, August 2020.
      • October 14, 2019
      • Article

      The Truth About Open Offices: There Are Reasons Why They Don't Produce the Desired Interactions

      By: Ethan Bernstein and Ben Waber
      It’s never been easier for workers to collaborate—or so it seems. Open, flexible, activity-based spaces are displacing cubicles, making people more visible. Messaging is displacing phone calls, making people more accessible. Enterprise social media such as Slack and... View Details
      Keywords: Buildings and Facilities; Interpersonal Communication; Communication Technology; Design; Human Resources; Performance Productivity; Organizational Design
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      Bernstein, Ethan, and Ben Waber. "The Truth About Open Offices: There Are Reasons Why They Don't Produce the Desired Interactions." Harvard Business Review 97, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 82–91.
      • January 2019
      • Supplement

      The De Beers Group: Launching GemFair for Artisanal Diamonds

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      In April 2018, the De Beers Group launched a pilot project called GemFair to create a new supply of ethically and environmentally sourced diamonds from artisanal and small-scale mines (ASM) in Sierra Leone. Whether this project would yield a meaningful supply of rough... View Details
      Keywords: Diamonds; New Business; Strategy Development; Strategy Execution; Scope; ESG; Supply; Corporate Strategy; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mining Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Sierra Leone; United Kingdom
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "The De Beers Group: Launching GemFair for Artisanal Diamonds." Harvard Business School Supplement 719-437, January 2019.
      • April 2018 (Revised September 2018)
      • Case

      Impact Investing for Cancer

      By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Matthew G. Preble
      It is early 2018, and Emily Park, managing director of impact for the Abreu Family Office, is meeting the next day with Tomás and Maria Abreu to discuss the various ways in which the Abreus can allocate a planned $100 million to make a meaningful difference in cancer... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Investment; Health Disorders; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Decision Choices and Conditions
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      Hamermesh, Richard G., and Matthew G. Preble. "Impact Investing for Cancer." Harvard Business School Case 818-068, April 2018. (Revised September 2018.)
      • November 2017 (Revised June 2019)
      • Case

      JOE & THE JUICE Crosses the Atlantic (with video link)

      By: Ethan Rouen and Suraj Srinivasan
      As JOE & THE JUICE began its rapid U.S. expansion in 2017, its founder and CEO, Kaspar Basse, fretted about how he could keep his employees feeling like they were doing meaningful work. Founded in 2001, JOE & THE JUICE had always focused on making healthy juices,... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Culture; Employees; Retention; Expansion; Growth Management
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      Rouen, Ethan, and Suraj Srinivasan. "JOE & THE JUICE Crosses the Atlantic (with video link)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 118-039, November 2017. (Revised June 2019.)
      • Article

      Stop the Meeting Madness: How to Free Up Time for Meaningful Work

      By: Leslie Perlow, Constance Noonan Hadley and Eunice Eun
      Many executives feel overwhelmed by meetings, and no wonder: On average, they spend nearly 23 hours a week in them, up from less than 10 hours in the 1960s. What’s more, the meetings are often poorly timed, badly run, or both. We can all joke about how painful they... View Details
      Keywords: Time Management; Performance Efficiency; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance Improvement
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      Perlow, Leslie, Constance Noonan Hadley, and Eunice Eun. "Stop the Meeting Madness: How to Free Up Time for Meaningful Work." Harvard Business Review 95, no. 4 (July–August 2017): 62–69.
      • March–April 2017
      • Article

      What's the Value of a Like?: Social Media Endorsements Don't Work the Way You Might Think

      By: Leslie John, Daniel Mochon, Oliver Emrich and Janet Schwartz
      Brands spend billions of dollars a year on lavish efforts to establish and maintain a social media presence. But do those campaigns actually increase revenue? New research provides an answer to this question, which has vexed marketers ever since social media burst upon... View Details
      Keywords: Social and Collaborative Networks; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Strategy; Digital Marketing; Social Media
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      John, Leslie, Daniel Mochon, Oliver Emrich, and Janet Schwartz. "What's the Value of a Like? Social Media Endorsements Don't Work the Way You Might Think." Harvard Business Review 95, no. 2 (March–April 2017): 108–115.
      • 2016
      • Article

      The Dynamic Componential Model of Creativity and Innovation in Organizations: Making Progress, Making Meaning

      By: Teresa M. Amabile and Michael G. Pratt
      Leveraging insights gained through a burgeoning research literature over the past 28 years, this paper presents a significant revision of the model of creativity and innovation in organizations published in Research in Organizational Behavior in 1988. This... View Details
      Keywords: Progress; Meaningful Work; Affect; Creativity; Organizations; Innovation and Invention; Motivation and Incentives
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      Amabile, Teresa M., and Michael G. Pratt. "The Dynamic Componential Model of Creativity and Innovation in Organizations: Making Progress, Making Meaning." Research in Organizational Behavior 36 (2016): 157–183.
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