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    • All HBS Web  (227)
      • Faculty Publications  (43)

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      • March 2025
      • Teaching Note

      Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 325-110. CEO Tim Leiweke reviewed the process by which his newly formed Oak View Group had managed a major rebuild of a landmark arena in Seattle which attracted a National Hockey League franchise and major entertainers concerned about... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Leadership; Bids and Bidding; Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Green Buildings; Construction; Partners and Partnerships; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Seattle
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jacob A. Small. "Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 325-114, March 2025.
      • March 2025 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small
      Tim Leiweke reviewed how his development group and partners had completely rebuilt an aging Seattle landmark into the world’s greenest arena, carrying the visible name Climate Pledge Arena. It had attracted a new National Hockey League franchise, the Kraken, and... View Details
      Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Leadership; Bids and Bidding; Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Seattle
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jacob A. Small. "Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future." Harvard Business School Case 325-110, March 2025. (Revised March 2025.)
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Real Madrid Club de Fútbol

      By: Anita Elberse, Juan Pasquín and Íñigo Pasquín
      On June 1, 2024, Spanish soccer club Real Madrid captures its fifteenth Champions League title—more than double the tally of the nearest competitor. Under Florentino Pérez’s leadership, the club has now won six of the last eleven UEFA Champions League titles, and has... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Football; Entertainment; Media; Talent Management; Superstars; General Management; Sports; Marketing; Recruitment; Competitive Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry
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      Elberse, Anita, Juan Pasquín, and Íñigo Pasquín. "Real Madrid Club de Fútbol." Harvard Business School Case 525-026, January 2025.
      • June 2024
      • Teaching Note

      Major League Baseball: Changing the Rules of America's Pastime

      By: Stephen A. Greyser, Mac Levin and Brent Schwarz
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 924-307. The Teaching Note offers suggestions for using the case as a “product innovation” for different levels of students and their knowledge of baseball. Discussion plan questions for instructors are provided in the context of MLB’s... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Media; Product; Sports Industry
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      Greyser, Stephen A., Mac Levin, and Brent Schwarz. "Major League Baseball: Changing the Rules of America's Pastime." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 924-308, June 2024.
      • June 2024 (Revised September 2024)
      • Case

      Major League Baseball: Changing the Rules of America's Pastime

      By: Stephen A. Greyser, Mac Levin and Brent Schwarz
      This case describes the efforts of Major League Baseball (MLB) to make meaningful changes in the rules affecting the ways the game is played. These changes are intended to speed the pace of the game and make it more appealing to younger fans. The principal changes... View Details
      Keywords: Change Management; Age; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Leading Change; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Demand and Consumers; Sports Industry
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      Greyser, Stephen A., Mac Levin, and Brent Schwarz. "Major League Baseball: Changing the Rules of America's Pastime." Harvard Business School Case 924-307, June 2024. (Revised September 2024.)
      • September 2023
      • Supplement

      David Beckham (B): Signing Lionel Messi to Inter Miami CF

      By: Anita Elberse and David Moreno Vicente
      In June 2023, David Beckham, co-owner of Major League Soccer team Inter Miami CF, is hoping to find a way to bring Lionel Messi, widely regarded as one of the best players the world of soccer has ever seen, to his team. But Messi—a seven-time winner of the Ballon d’Or... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Football; Superstars; General Management; Sports; Negotiation Offer; Competitive Strategy; Compensation and Benefits; Entertainment; Media; Marketing; Sports Industry; Miami
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      Elberse, Anita, and David Moreno Vicente. "David Beckham (B): Signing Lionel Messi to Inter Miami CF." Harvard Business School Supplement 524-040, September 2023.
      • September 2023 (Revised October 2023)
      • Case

      Mohamed Salah

      By: Anita Elberse and Taher El Moataz Bellah
      In June 2022, Mohamed Salah, one of the world’s best soccer players, and his lawyer and advisor Ramy Abbas Issa were in ongoing discussions with top English Premier League club Liverpool FC about a new playing contract for Salah. Arguably the Arab world’s biggest... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Football; Superstars; General Management; Sports; Entertainment; Media; Marketing; Strategy; Compensation and Benefits; Contracts; Negotiation Participants; Negotiation Process; Sports Industry; England
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      Elberse, Anita, and Taher El Moataz Bellah. "Mohamed Salah." Harvard Business School Case 524-031, September 2023. (Revised October 2023.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      LALIGA—From a Soccer Competition Organizer to a Global Player in the Sports and Entertainment Industry

      By: Stephen A. Greyser, Kenneth Cortsen and Juan Fuentes Fernández
      LALIGA, the first- and second-tier professional soccer league (known as “football” outside of the U.S. and Canada) in Spain, enters its 100th soccer season later this decade. The most popular game in the world (Giulianotti, 2012) has gone through many changes since... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; "Sports Organizations,; Business History; Strategy; Brands and Branding; Technology Adoption; Sports Industry
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      Greyser, Stephen A., Kenneth Cortsen, and Juan Fuentes Fernández. "LALIGA—From a Soccer Competition Organizer to a Global Player in the Sports and Entertainment Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-009, August 2023.
      • May 2022
      • Case

      The NFL’s $110-Billion Media Rights Deals

      By: Anita Elberse and Elizabeth Warner
      On March 18, 2021, Brian Rolapp, chief media and business officer at the National Football League (NFL) presented the results of a months-long effort to renegotiate rights deals with the NFL’s current partners in television—the media conglomerates behind the networks... View Details
      Keywords: Sports; Entertainment; Media; Marketing; Strategy; General Management; Negotiation; Partners and Partnerships; Competition; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Sports Industry
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      Elberse, Anita, and Elizabeth Warner. "The NFL’s $110-Billion Media Rights Deals." Harvard Business School Case 522-090, May 2022.
      • January 2022 (Revised August 2022)
      • Case

      Jackie Robinson: Changing the World

      By: Robert Simons and Max Saffer
      This case traces the rise of Jackie Robinson from the poor streets of Pasadena, California to one of the most famous people in America after he overturned the color barrier in baseball. The case describes how as a youth he excelled at basketball, football, baseball,... View Details
      Keywords: Diversity; Power And Influence; Personal Characteristics; Values And Beliefs; Mission And Purpose; Sports; Entrepreneurship; Leadership; Leading Change; Personal Development and Career; United States
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      Simons, Robert, and Max Saffer. "Jackie Robinson: Changing the World." Harvard Business School Case 122-042, January 2022. (Revised August 2022.)
      • January 2022
      • Case

      FIFA and The World Cup: The Future of Football

      By: Anita Elberse, Oliver Band and Howard Johnson
      Should FIFA host its biggest event—the FIFA World Cup—every two years instead of every four, as it has been doing since the event’s inception in the 1930s? In September 2021, Gianni Infantino, the president of the International Federation of Association Football... View Details
      Keywords: Sports; Soccer; Football; Entertainment; Media; Talent Development; Globalization; Marketing; Strategy; General Management; Governance; Decision Making; Governing and Advisory Boards; Problems and Challenges; Brands and Branding; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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      Elberse, Anita, Oliver Band, and Howard Johnson. "FIFA and The World Cup: The Future of Football." Harvard Business School Case 522-076, January 2022.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      MLS as a Sports Product—The Prominence of the World's Game in the U.S.

      By: Stephen A. Greyser and Kenneth Cortsen
      The purpose of this Working Paper is to analyze how soccer at the professional level in the U.S., with Major League Soccer as a focal point, has developed over the span of a quarter of a century. It is worthwhile to examine the growth of Major League Soccer (MLS) from... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Major League Soccer; Sports; Growth and Development; Organizational Structure; Business Model; Sports Industry; United States
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      Greyser, Stephen A., and Kenneth Cortsen. "MLS as a Sports Product—The Prominence of the World's Game in the U.S." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-111, March 2021. (Revised April 2021.)
      • April 2021 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      Project Restart: Deciding the Future of English Football

      By: Nour Kteily and Deepak Malhotra
      In March 2020, the English Premier League football (soccer) season was suspended partway through due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Two months later the season remained in limbo, with a looming deadline to decide whether to attempt to complete the season or curtail it—and... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Sports; Health Pandemics; Decision Making; Fairness; Values and Beliefs; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Motivation and Incentives; Outcome or Result; Perception; Negotiation; Sports Industry; United Kingdom
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      Kteily, Nour, and Deepak Malhotra. "Project Restart: Deciding the Future of English Football." Harvard Business School Case 921-050, April 2021. (Revised April 2021.)
      • July 2020 (Revised April 2022)
      • Case

      Paris Saint-Germain: Building One of the World's Top Sports Brands

      By: Anita Elberse and David Moreno Vicente
      In March 2020, Nasser Al-Khelaifi, the president of French soccer club Paris Saint-Germain (‘PSG’) sees his team clinch a spot among the last eight clubs to compete in the UEFA Champions League. Established in 1970 and initially a club with only moderate success, PSG’s... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Football; Superstars; Talent; Talent Development; General Management; Sports; Entertainment; Media; Talent and Talent Management; Globalization; Brands and Branding; Marketing; Strategy; Sports Industry; Europe
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      Elberse, Anita, and David Moreno Vicente. "Paris Saint-Germain: Building One of the World's Top Sports Brands." Harvard Business School Case 521-006, July 2020. (Revised April 2022.)
      • June 2020 (Revised April 2022)
      • Case

      AFC Ajax

      By: Anita Elberse
      In July 2019, AFC Ajax’s chief executive officer Edwin van der Sar finalized one of the biggest transfers in soccer—that of Matthijs de Ligt, only 19 years old but already one of the sports world’s brightest stars—from AFC Ajax to Italian powerhouse Juventus FC for a... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Talent and Talent Management; Sports; Globalization; Competitive Advantage; Strategy; Sports Industry; Europe
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      Elberse, Anita. "AFC Ajax." Harvard Business School Case 520-131, June 2020. (Revised April 2022.)
      • November 2018
      • Case

      The Bundesliga in the U.S.

      By: Stephen A. Greyser, Sascha L. Schmidt and Florian Holzmayer
      The Bundesliga, Germany’s premier football (soccer) league, is assessing its global broadcast and marketing strategy, with special focus on the very lucrative but highly competitive U.S. market. Its CEO Christian Seifert believed that a strong international position... View Details
      Keywords: Media; Sports; Global Strategy; Marketing Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Sports Industry; United States
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      Greyser, Stephen A., Sascha L. Schmidt, and Florian Holzmayer. "The Bundesliga in the U.S." Harvard Business School Case 919-406, November 2018.
      • November 2018
      • Case

      Sportradar (A): From Data to Storytelling

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Karen Elterman and Oliver Gassmann
      In 2013, the Swiss sports data company Sportradar debated whether to expand from its core business of data provision to bookmakers into sports media products. Sports data was becoming a commodity, and in the future, sports leagues might reduce their dependence on... View Details
      Keywords: Sports Data; Data; Sport; Sportradar; Football; Soccer; Gambling; Betting; Betting Markets; Statistics; Odds; Live Data; Bookmakers; Betradar; Visualization; Integrity; Monitoring; Gaming; Streaming; 2013; St.Gallen; Algorithm; Mathematical Modeling; Carsten Koerl; Betandwin; Bwin; Wagering; Probability; Sports; Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Transition; Strategy; Media; Sports Industry; Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Europe; Switzerland; Asia; Austria; Germany; England
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Karen Elterman, and Oliver Gassmann. "Sportradar (A): From Data to Storytelling." Harvard Business School Case 719-429, November 2018.
      • August 2017 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      The Oakland Athletics: Strategy & Metrics for a Budget

      By: Srikant M. Datar and Caitlin N. Bowler
      This case considers Oakland Athletics General Manager Billy Beane’s data driven and, in baseball circles unconventional, approach to winning games over the duration of the long Major League Baseball season. Beane’s critical approach to crafting strategy within his... View Details
      Keywords: Data Analysis; Metrics; Data Science; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis; Measurement and Metrics; Competitive Strategy; Organizational Culture; Sports Industry
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      Datar, Srikant M., and Caitlin N. Bowler. "The Oakland Athletics: Strategy & Metrics for a Budget." Harvard Business School Case 118-010, August 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
      • July 2015 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Horst Dassler, Adidas, and the Commercialization of Sport

      By: Geoffrey Jones, Michael Norris and Sophi Kim
      The case focuses on the career of Horst Dassler, the son of the founder of the German-based sports shoe manufacturer Adidas. The origins of the firm were in the interwar years, and it rose to public prominence after it provided spikes for Jesse Owens, the famous... View Details
      Keywords: Corruption; Economic History; Business History; Entertainment; Business; Strategy; Media; Digital Technology; Blockbuster; Superstar; Film; Television; Music; Publishing; Performing Arts; Nightlife; Crime and Corruption; Entrepreneurship; Globalization; History; Sports; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Fashion Industry; Sports Industry; Germany; South America; Europe; Asia; North and Central America
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      Jones, Geoffrey, Michael Norris, and Sophi Kim. "Horst Dassler, Adidas, and the Commercialization of Sport." Harvard Business School Case 316-007, July 2015. (Revised January 2020.)
      • October 2014 (Revised September 2017)
      • Case

      The National Football League and Brain Injuries

      By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Matthew G. Preble
      The National Football League (NFL) was both the most popular spectator sport in the U.S. and a major economic entity, taking in roughly $10 billion a year in revenue. However through the early twenty-first century, an increased understanding of the long-term effects of... View Details
      Keywords: Employee Safety; Safety; Employees; Sports; Health; Ethics; Sports Industry; United States
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      Hamermesh, Richard G., and Matthew G. Preble. "The National Football League and Brain Injuries." Harvard Business School Case 815-071, October 2014. (Revised September 2017.)
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