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Publications

Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (325)
      • Faculty Publications  (72)

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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      With a Little Help from My Family: Informal Startup Financing

      By: Brian K. Baik, Johan Ludvig S. Karlsen and Katja Kisseleva
      Using Norwegian administrative data, we identify family equity investments in startups and examine their effects on investor returns and firm behavior. Informal investors earn lower returns than external individuals, and the firms they back are less likely to secure... View Details
      Keywords: Early Stage Finance; Informal Investment; Household Finance; Risk Taking; Entrepreneurial Finance; Entrepreneurship; Personal Finance; Family and Family Relationships; Business Startups; Investment; Norway
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      Baik, Brian K., Johan Ludvig S. Karlsen, and Katja Kisseleva. "With a Little Help from My Family: Informal Startup Financing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-053, April 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Article

      Optimal Illiquidity

      By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Clayton, Christopher Harris, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
      We study the socially optimal level of illiquidity in an economy populated by households with taste shocks and present bias with naive beliefs. The government chooses mandatory contributions to accounts, each with a different pre-retirement withdrawal penalty.... View Details
      Keywords: Retirement; Financial Liquidity; Personal Finance; Saving
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      Beshears, John, James J. Choi, Christopher Clayton, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Optimal Illiquidity." Art. 103996. Journal of Financial Economics 165 (March 2025).
      • November 2024
      • Article

      Price Discounts and Cheapflation During the Post-Pandemic Inflation Surge

      By: Alberto Cavallo and Oleksiy Kryvtsov
      We study how within-store price variation changes with inflation, and whether households exploit it to attenuate the inflation burden. We use micro price data for food products sold by 91 large multi-channel retailers in ten countries between 2018 and 2024. Measuring... View Details
      Keywords: Macroeconomics; Inflation and Deflation; Price; Consumer Behavior; Personal Finance; Product Positioning
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      Cavallo, Alberto, and Oleksiy Kryvtsov. "Price Discounts and Cheapflation During the Post-Pandemic Inflation Surge." Journal of Monetary Economics 148 (November 2024).
      • Fall 2024
      • Article

      The Problem of Good Conduct Among Financial Advisers

      By: Mark Egan, Gregor Matvos and Amit Seru
      Households in the United States often rely on financial advisers for investment and savings decisions, yet there is a widespread perception that many advisers are dishonest. This distrust is not unwarranted: approximately one in fifteen advisers has a history of... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Finance; Behavioral Finance; Trust; Financial Services Industry
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      Egan, Mark, Gregor Matvos, and Amit Seru. "The Problem of Good Conduct Among Financial Advisers." Journal of Economic Perspectives 38, no. 4 (Fall 2024): 193–210.
      • August 2024
      • Case

      Keurig: A Return to Growth

      By: David Fubini and Patrick Sanguineti
      By the early 2010s, Keurig Green Mountain (KGM) had lost the momentum that had made it the name in at-home coffee brewing in North America. Following a series of product missteps, negative media scrutiny, and ongoing challenges to its partner relationships, in late... View Details
      Keywords: Turnaround; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decisions; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Going Public; Diversification; Expansion; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Fubini, David, and Patrick Sanguineti. "Keurig: A Return to Growth." Harvard Business School Case 425-009, August 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      How Inflation Expectations De-Anchor: The Role of Selective Memory Cues

      By: Nicola Gennaioli, Marta Leva, Raphael Schoenle and Andrei Shleifer
      In a model of memory and selective recall, household inflation expectations remain rigid when inflation is anchored but exhibit sharp instability during inflation surges, as similarity prompts retrieval of forgotten high-inflation experiences. Using data from the New... View Details
      Keywords: Cognition and Thinking; Inflation and Deflation; Personal Finance
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      Gennaioli, Nicola, Marta Leva, Raphael Schoenle, and Andrei Shleifer. "How Inflation Expectations De-Anchor: The Role of Selective Memory Cues." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32633, June 2024.
      • May 14, 2024
      • Article

      One Way to Help Employees Build Emergency Savings

      By: Timothy Flacke and Peter Tufano
      Intentional cooperation between two organizations — BlackRock, a major asset management firm, and national non-profit, Commonwealth — created the conditions for the nation’s largest payroll processor, multiple U.S. employers, retirement record keepers, and others to... View Details
      Keywords: Saving; Personal Finance; Income; Nonprofit Organizations; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Partners and Partnerships
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      Flacke, Timothy, and Peter Tufano. "One Way to Help Employees Build Emergency Savings." Harvard Business Review (website) (May 14, 2024).
      • May 2024
      • Article

      Financial Innovation in the 21st Century: Evidence from U.S. Patents

      By: Josh Lerner, Amit Seru, Nick Short and Yuan Sun
      We develop a unique dataset of 24 thousand U.S. finance patents granted over the last two decades to explore the evolution and production of financial innovation. We use machine learning to identify the financial patents and extensively audit the results to ensure... View Details
      Keywords: Banking; Investment Banks; Information Technology; Regulation; Patents; Innovation and Invention; Trends
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      Lerner, Josh, Amit Seru, Nick Short, and Yuan Sun. "Financial Innovation in the 21st Century: Evidence from U.S. Patents." Journal of Political Economy 132, no. 5 (May 2024): 1391–1449.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Corporate Debt, Boom-Bust Cycles, and Financial Crises

      By: Victoria Ivashina, Sebnem Kalemli-Özcan, Luc Laeven and Karsten Müller
      Using a new dataset on sectoral credit exposures covering financial and non-financial sectors in 115 economies over the period 1940–2014, we document the following evidence that corporate debt plays a key role in explaining boom-bust cycles, financial crises, and slow... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Crisis; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Economic Growth; Economic Sectors; Borrowing and Debt; Credit
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      Ivashina, Victoria, Sebnem Kalemli-Özcan, Luc Laeven, and Karsten Müller. "Corporate Debt, Boom-Bust Cycles, and Financial Crises." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32225, March 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Does Pension Automatic Enrollment Increase Debt? Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Experiment

      By: John Beshears, Matthew Blakstad, James J. Choi, Christopher Firth, John Gathergood, David Laibson, Richard Notley, Jesal D. Sheth, Will Sandbrook and Neil Stewart
      Does automatic enrollment into retirement saving increase household debt? We study the randomized roll-out of automatic enrollment pensions to ~160,000 employers in the United Kingdom with 2-29 employees. We find that the additional savings generated through automatic... View Details
      Keywords: Retirement; Saving; Personal Finance; Borrowing and Debt; Credit; Compensation and Benefits
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      Beshears, John, Matthew Blakstad, James J. Choi, Christopher Firth, John Gathergood, David Laibson, Richard Notley, Jesal D. Sheth, Will Sandbrook, and Neil Stewart. "Does Pension Automatic Enrollment Increase Debt? Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Experiment." Working Paper, October 2024.
      • September 2023
      • Article

      Customer Churn and Intangible Capital

      By: Scott R. Baker, Brian Baugh and Marco Sammon
      Intangible capital is a crucial and growing piece of firms’ capital structure, but many of its distinct components are difficult to measure. We develop and make available several new firm-level metrics regarding a key component of intangible capital – firms’ customer... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Base; Transaction Data; Customer Churn; Intangible Capital; Capital Structure; Measurement and Metrics; Customers
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      Baker, Scott R., Brian Baugh, and Marco Sammon. "Customer Churn and Intangible Capital." Journal of Political Economy Macroeconomics 1, no. 3 (September 2023): 447–505.
      • October 2023 (Revised March 2024)
      • Case

      KOKO Networks: Bridging Energy Transition and Affordability with Carbon Financing

      By: George Serafeim, Siko Sikochi and Namrata Arora
      The problem was massive: two million hectares of African forests were lost annually to charcoal production for cooking, an area equivalent to 13 times Greater London, resulting in one billion tons of carbon emissions yearly. At the same time, an estimated 700,000... View Details
      Keywords: Clean Tech; Digital; Carbon Credits; Carbon Offsetting; Climate Change; Entrepreneurship; Energy Sources; Environmental Sustainability; Health; Market Design; Business Startups; Transition; Environmental Regulation; Policy; Energy Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Africa; Kenya; Rwanda
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      Serafeim, George, Siko Sikochi, and Namrata Arora. "KOKO Networks: Bridging Energy Transition and Affordability with Carbon Financing." Harvard Business School Case 124-022, October 2023. (Revised March 2024.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Interest-Rate Risk and Household Portfolios

      By: Sylvain Catherine, Max Miller, James Paron and Natasha Sarin
      How are households exposed to interest-rate risk? When rates fall, households face lower future expected returns but those holding long-term assets—disproportionately the wealthy and middle-aged—experience capital gains. We study the hedging demand for long-term assets... View Details
      Keywords: Portfolio Choice; Social Security; Interest Rates; Investment Portfolio; Equality and Inequality; Welfare
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      Catherine, Sylvain, Max Miller, James Paron, and Natasha Sarin. "Interest-Rate Risk and Household Portfolios." Working Paper, October 2023. (Reject and Resubmit, American Economic Review.)
      • August 2023
      • Article

      Can Security Design Foster Household Risk-Taking?

      By: Laurent Calvet, Claire Célérier, Paolo Sodini and Boris Vallée
      This paper shows that securities with a non-linear payoff design can foster household risk-taking. We demonstrate this effect empirically by exploiting the introduction of capital guarantee products in Sweden from 2002 to 2007. The fast and broad adoption of these... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Innovation; Household Finance; Structured Products; Stock Market Participation; Finance; Innovation and Invention; Household; Personal Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; Behavior; Market Participation
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      Calvet, Laurent, Claire Célérier, Paolo Sodini, and Boris Vallée. "Can Security Design Foster Household Risk-Taking?" Journal of Finance 78, no. 4 (August 2023): 1917–1966.
      • June 2023
      • Article

      Why Is Dollar Debt Cheaper? Evidence from Peru

      By: Bryan Gutiérrez, Victoria Ivashina and Juliana Salomao
      In emerging markets, a significant share of corporate loans are denominated in dollars. Using novel data that enables us to see currency and the cost of credit, in addition to several other transaction-level characteristics, we re-examine the reasons behind dollar... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Market Corporate Debt; Currency Mismatch; Liability Dollarization; Carry Trade; Currency; Emerging Markets; Borrowing and Debt; Interest Rates; Peru
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      Gutiérrez, Bryan, Victoria Ivashina, and Juliana Salomao. "Why Is Dollar Debt Cheaper? Evidence from Peru." Journal of Financial Economics 148, no. 3 (June 2023): 245–272.
      • January 2023 (Revised December 2023)
      • Case

      OhmConnect: Energizing the Future

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Jennifer Fonstad and Nicole Tempest Keller
      Founded in 2013, OhmConnect was a free consumer web app that alerted customers about peak hours of electricity demand, and paid them to lower their energy use at home during these periods. The company sold the aggregated reductions generated by thousands of households... View Details
      Keywords: App Development; Renewable Energy; Electricity Usage; Regulations; VC; Technology; Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC); Scalability; Applications and Software; Growth and Development Strategy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business Model; Venture Capital; Energy Industry; United States; California; Texas; Europe
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Jennifer Fonstad, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "OhmConnect: Energizing the Future." Harvard Business School Case 823-065, January 2023. (Revised December 2023.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Credit and the Family: The Economic Consequences of Closing the Credit Gap of U.S. Couples

      By: Olivia S. Kim
      Marital property rights strengthen secondary earners’ economic power by giving them access to credit markets. I study how this crucial yet understudied feature of property laws influences household decision-making. The 2013 reversal of the Truth-in-Lending Act... View Details
      Keywords: Household; Credit; Equality and Inequality; Income; Policy; Family and Family Relationships
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      Kim, Olivia S. "Credit and the Family: The Economic Consequences of Closing the Credit Gap of U.S. Couples." Working Paper. (Job Market Paper, Revise & Resubmit, Journal of Political Economy.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Buy Now, Pay Later Credit: User Characteristics and Effects on Spending Patterns

      By: Marco Di Maggio, Justin Katz and Emily Williams
      Firms offering "buy now, pay later" (BNPL) point-of-sale installment loans with minimal underwriting and low interest have captured a growing fraction of the market for short-term unsecured consumer credit. We provide a detailed look into the US BNPL market by... View Details
      Keywords: Household Finance; Fintech; Consumer Credit; Credit; Consumer Behavior
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      Di Maggio, Marco, Justin Katz, and Emily Williams. "Buy Now, Pay Later Credit: User Characteristics and Effects on Spending Patterns." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30508, September 2022.
      • June 2022 (Revised August 2022)
      • Case

      Dollar Tree: Breaking the Buck

      By: Jill Avery and Marco Bertini
      For thirty-five years, Dollar Tree, a discount retail chain selling general merchandise, had held its fixed price point steady, pricing all of its household items, food, stationery, books, seasonal items, gifts, toys, and clothing that made up its diverse and... View Details
      Keywords: Retailing; Pricing; Pricing Strategy; Discount Retailing; Discount Store; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Price; Inflation and Deflation; Consumer Behavior; Retail Industry; United States
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      Avery, Jill, and Marco Bertini. "Dollar Tree: Breaking the Buck." Harvard Business School Case 522-091, June 2022. (Revised August 2022.)
      • May 2022
      • Article

      Can Gambling Increase Savings? Empirical Evidence on Prize-Linked Savings Accounts

      By: Shawn A. Cole, Benjamin Iverson and Peter Tufano
      This paper studies the adoption and impact of prize-linked savings (PLS) accounts, which offer lottery-like payouts to individual account holders in lieu of interest. Using microlevel data from a bank in South Africa, we show that PLS is attractive to a broad group of... View Details
      Keywords: Household Finance; Banking; Savings; Prize-linked Savings; Lottery; Household; Personal Finance; Saving; Banks and Banking
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      Cole, Shawn A., Benjamin Iverson, and Peter Tufano. "Can Gambling Increase Savings? Empirical Evidence on Prize-Linked Savings Accounts." Management Science 68, no. 5 (May 2022): 3282–3308.
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