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    • All HBS Web  (259)
      • Faculty Publications  (59)

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      • March–April 2025
      • Article

      Getting Value from Digital Technologies

      By: Frank Cespedes and Georg Krentzel
      Companies need digital technologies in an omni-channel buying world where online and in-person interactions are complements, not either/or substitutes. Multi-channel hybrid sales solutions are required, but what are the key requirements for using the available... View Details
      Keywords: Sales; Technology Adoption; Competitive Advantage
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      Cespedes, Frank, and Georg Krentzel. "Getting Value from Digital Technologies." European Business Review (March–April 2025): 6–9.
      • August 2024
      • Module Note

      Mastering the Complete Strategy Landscape

      By: David J. Collis
      As CEO, whether of a large established firm or an entrepreneurial startup, you have the responsibility to craft a strategy capable of creating, capturing, and realizing value. And yet, too often, the holistic perspective required to integrate those discrete tasks gets... View Details
      Keywords: Value Capture; Strategy; Strategic Planning; Value Creation
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      Collis, David J. "Mastering the Complete Strategy Landscape." Harvard Business School Module Note 725-374, August 2024.
      • February 2024
      • Case

      Does “Matter” Matter? Amazon and Open Standards in the Smart Home Industry

      By: Frank Nagle
      In early 2023, the smart home industry stood at a pivotal juncture. The recent launch of “Matter” version 1.0, an ambitious interoperability standard developed by the Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA), promised to unify a fragmented market plagued by incompatible... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Platforms; Resource Allocation; Standards; Business Strategy
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      Nagle, Frank. "Does “Matter” Matter? Amazon and Open Standards in the Smart Home Industry." Harvard Business School Case 724-431, February 2024.
      • 2023
      • Chapter

      Discussion of Geoeconomic Fragmentation and the Future of Multilateralism

      By: Laura Alfaro
      Keywords: Global Range; Economics; Globalized Economies and Regions; Globalization; International Relations; Policy
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      Alfaro, Laura. "Discussion of Geoeconomic Fragmentation and the Future of Multilateralism." Chap. 2 in Geoeconomic Fragmentation: The Economic Risks from a Fractured World Economy, by Shekhar Aliyar, Andrea Presbitero, and Michele Ruta, 19–25. Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), 2023.
      • February 2023
      • Supplement

      Coats Dyehouse Management

      By: Willy C. Shih
      Coats, the largest thread maker in the world, transformed its business to digital colour measurement so that it could respond better to customer demand in the garment industry for rapid product cycles and more fragmented colour choices. Its embrace of digital colour... View Details
      Keywords: Inventory Management; Supply Chain; Inventory; Supply Chain Management; Operations; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Asia
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      Shih, Willy C. "Coats Dyehouse Management." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 622-703, February 2023.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Which Explanation Should I Choose? A Function Approximation Perspective to Characterizing Post hoc Explanations

      By: Tessa Han, Suraj Srinivas and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      A critical problem in the field of post hoc explainability is the lack of a common foundational goal among methods. For example, some methods are motivated by function approximation, some by game theoretic notions, and some by obtaining clean visualizations. This... View Details
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Decision Choices and Conditions; Analytics and Data Science
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      Han, Tessa, Suraj Srinivas, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Which Explanation Should I Choose? A Function Approximation Perspective to Characterizing Post hoc Explanations." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2022). (Best Paper Award, International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) Workshop on Interpretable ML in Healthcare.)
      • September 2022
      • Technical Note

      Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the American Landscape

      By: Susanna Gallani and Jacob Riegler
      Social determinants of health (SDOH) have gained significant attention in recent years. A growing body of research shows that a person’s health is influenced by a large number of non-genetic factors, most of which operate outside the realm of health care and are... View Details
      Keywords: Socioeconomic Determinants Of Health; Social Determinants Of Health; Population Health; Health; Health Care and Treatment; Social Issues; Health Industry; Insurance Industry; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; United States
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      Gallani, Susanna, and Jacob Riegler. "Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the American Landscape." Harvard Business School Technical Note 123-023, September 2022.
      • August 2022
      • Supplement

      Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough’s Rise Financial Supplement

      By: Emily R. McComb, Mel Martin and Amy Klopfenstein
      Abstract: In 2021, the HBS Impact Investment Fund student team met with entrepreneur Teresa Maynard, who had applied for a $25,000 impact investment loan. The students thought the former Harvard Data Scientist’s bakery business, Sweet Teez Bakery, showed promise.... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investment; Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship; Finance; Investment; Goods and Commodities; Financial Reporting; Small Business; Food and Beverage Industry; Massachusetts; United States
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      McComb, Emily R., Mel Martin, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough’s Rise Financial Supplement." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 223-702, August 2022.
      • August 2022 (Revised November 2024)
      • Case

      Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough's Rise

      By: Emily R. McComb, Mel Martin and Amy Klopfenstein
      In 2021, the HBS Impact Investment Fund student team met with entrepreneur Teresa Maynard, who had applied for a $25,000 impact investment loan. The students thought the former Harvard Data Scientist’s bakery business, Sweet Teez Bakery, showed promise. Maynard had... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investment; Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship; Finance; Investment; Goods and Commodities; Financial Reporting; Small Business; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; Massachusetts
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      McComb, Emily R., Mel Martin, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough's Rise." Harvard Business School Case 223-004, August 2022. (Revised November 2024.)
      • March 2022 (Revised April 2023)
      • Case

      Pittsburgh: A Successful City?

      By: Karen Mills, Caroline Elkins, Vikram Gandhi, Gabriella Elanbeck and Zeke Gillman
      Pittsburgh, PA, was once the crown jewel of American heavy industry. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the city was an undisputed leader in steel production, boasting some of the largest companies and wealthiest individuals in the world. Its abundance of... View Details
      Keywords: Economic And Social Disparities; Economic Development; Local Economic Development; Contextual Intelligence; Contextual Knowledge; Context; City Growth; City Innovation; City Leadership; Pittsburgh; Local Government; Local Stakeholders; Business And Community; Business And Community Relations; Community Engagement; Community Relations; Cross-sector Collaboration; Innovation; Innovation Economy; Innovation Clusters; Innovation Ecosystems; Shared Prosperity; Equality Of Opportunity; Equity; Inclusion; Business And Government; Business & Government Relations; Business And Government Relations; Business And Society; Neighborhoods; Race And Ethnicity; Innovation & Entrepreneurship; Diversity; Ethnicity; Race; Household; Income; Economic Growth; Economic Sectors; Economics; Local Range; Urban Development; Urban Scope; City; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Government and Politics; Government Administration; Growth and Development; History; Leadership; Goals and Objectives; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Society; Civil Society or Community; Culture; Human Needs; Public Opinion; Public Sector; Social Issues; Poverty; Equality and Inequality; Manufacturing Industry; Steel Industry; Education Industry; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Technology Industry; United States; Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania
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      Mills, Karen, Caroline Elkins, Vikram Gandhi, Gabriella Elanbeck, and Zeke Gillman. "Pittsburgh: A Successful City?" Harvard Business School Case 322-080, March 2022. (Revised April 2023.)
      • August 2021 (Revised November 2023)
      • Supplement

      Coats: Supply Chain Challenges

      By: Willy C. Shih
      Coats, the largest thread maker in the world, transformed its business to digital colour measurement so that it could respond better to customer demand in the garment industry for rapid product cycles and more fragmented colour choices. Its embrace of digital colour... View Details
      Keywords: Inventory Management; Supply Chain; Inventory; Supply Chain Management; Operations; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Asia
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      Shih, Willy C. "Coats: Supply Chain Challenges." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 622-041, August 2021. (Revised November 2023.)
      • August 2021
      • Supplement

      Coats: Supply Chain Challenges: Spreadsheet Supplement

      By: Willy C. Shih
      Coats, the largest thread maker in the world, transformed its business to digital colour measurement so that it could respond better to customer demand in the garment industry for rapid product cycles and more fragmented colour choices. Its embrace of digital colour... View Details
      Keywords: Inventory Management; Supply Chain; Inventory; Supply Chain Management; Operations; Growth and Development Strategy; Forecasting and Prediction; Demand and Consumers; Consolidation; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Asia
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      Shih, Willy C. "Coats: Supply Chain Challenges: Spreadsheet Supplement." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 622-702, August 2021.
      • May 2021 (Revised July 2021)
      • Case

      Coats: Supply Chain Challenges

      By: Willy C. Shih and Adina Wong
      Coats, the largest thread maker in the world, transformed its business to digital colour measurement so that it could respond better to customer demand in the garment industry for rapid product cycles and more fragmented colour choices. Its embrace of digital colour... View Details
      Keywords: Inventory Management; Supply Chains; Digital; Operations; Supply Chain Management; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Asia
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      Shih, Willy C., and Adina Wong. "Coats: Supply Chain Challenges." Harvard Business School Case 621-115, May 2021. (Revised July 2021.)
      • March 2021
      • Technical Note

      Competitive Strategy in International Construction

      By: John D. Macomber and Emrah Ergelen
      Construction of buildings and infrastructure is one of the largest industries in the world in terms of volume. It is also one of the most physically risky, financially uncertain, and politically impacted. The industry is highly fragmented since there are few economies... View Details
      Keywords: Construction; Infrastructure; Strategy; Marketing Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Strategic Planning; Global Range; Construction Industry
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      Macomber, John D., and Emrah Ergelen. "Competitive Strategy in International Construction." Harvard Business School Technical Note 221-074, March 2021.
      • 2021
      • Chapter

      Dis-Atlanticism: The West in an Era of Global Fragmentation

      By: Rawi Abdelal and Ulrich Krotz
      BOOK ABSTRACT: Is the EU a Success or a Failure? Should It Stay or Should It Go? Britain and the EU. The Big Waste or Essential to Feed Europe? The Common Agricultural Policy. Observers of the European Union could be forgiven in thinking that since its inception the EU... View Details
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      Abdelal, Rawi, and Ulrich Krotz. "Dis-Atlanticism: The West in an Era of Global Fragmentation." In Key Controversies in European Integration. 3rd edition, edited by Hubert Zimmerman and Andreas Dür, 211–220. London: Red Globe Press, 2021.
      • February 2021 (Revised July 2024)
      • Case

      White Claw: Defending Market Share as Competition Encroaches

      By: Jill Avery
      By the end of 2019, two brands accounted for 84% of hard seltzer sales, a segment that had recently taken the U.S. beer market by storm, growing from $3 million in 2015 to over $2.7 billion by the start of the summer of 2020. White Claw was the dominant market leader... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Alcoholic Beverages; Beer/brewing Industry; Brand Positioning; Growth; Competitive Positioning; Consumer Products; Beverage Industry; Value Proposition; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Competition; Product Positioning; Competitive Strategy; Consumer Behavior; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Avery, Jill. "White Claw: Defending Market Share as Competition Encroaches." Harvard Business School Case 521-073, February 2021. (Revised July 2024.)
      • December 2020 (Revised May 2021)
      • Case

      Riverstone

      By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
      In 2020, Luke Minion and the leadership team at Riverstone, a hog producer founded in 2013 in Shandong, China, were evaluating Riverstone’s strategy as it rebounded from outbreaks of African Swine Fever (ASF) in two of its three farm complexes. Riverstone was a joint... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Globalization; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Consumer Behavior; Demand and Consumers; Disruption; Risk and Uncertainty; Risk Management; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Consulting Industry; United States; China
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      Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Riverstone." Harvard Business School Case 521-063, December 2020. (Revised May 2021.)
      • May 18, 2020
      • Other Article

      Media Bias? But Not What You Think It Is

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      The media are often accused of political bias. But news outlets reflect many political beliefs in a fragmented media environment. However, an almost across-the-board bias is how news media talk about digital business, and the pandemic has exacerbated that bias, which... View Details
      Keywords: Bias; Digital Business; Media; Disruption; Health Pandemics
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Media Bias? But Not What You Think It Is." Medium (May 18, 2020).
      • June 2019 (Revised October 2019)
      • Technical Note

      Note on the Future of Commerce

      By: William R. Kerr, Daniel O'Connor and Nathaniel Schwalb
      In 2019, the retail and consumer product industries were undergoing a significant transformation. Over the past 50 years, what was once a highly fragmented industry began to consolidate, digitize, and increase convenience while lowering costs. The winning enterprises... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Demand and Consumers; Demographics; Transformation; Global Range; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Model; Leading Change; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry
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      Kerr, William R., Daniel O'Connor, and Nathaniel Schwalb. "Note on the Future of Commerce." Harvard Business School Technical Note 819-017, June 2019. (Revised October 2019.)
      • January–February 2019
      • Article

      Why Some Platforms Thrive and Others Don't

      By: Feng Zhu and Marco Iansiti
      In the digital economy, scale is no guarantee of continued success. After all, the same factors that help an online platform expand quickly—such as the low cost of adding new customers—work for challengers too. What, then, allows platforms to fight off rivals and grow... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Platforms; Competition; Network Effects; Competitive Strategy
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      Zhu, Feng, and Marco Iansiti. "Why Some Platforms Thrive and Others Don't." Harvard Business Review 97, no. 1 (January–February 2019): 118–125.
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