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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (343)
      • Faculty Publications  (131)

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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Prices and Concentration: A U-shape? Theory and Evidence from Renewables

      By: Michele Fioretti, Junnan He and Jorge Tamayo
      We show that when firms compete via supply functions, transferring high-cost capacity to the largest, most efficient firm—thereby diversifying its production technologies while increasing concentration—can lower prices by prompting the leader to expand output and... View Details
      Keywords: Diversified Production Technologies; Concentration Levels; Market Power; Supply Function Equilibrium; Hydropower; Energy Transition; Renewable Energy; Price; Competition; Supply and Industry; Energy Industry; Colombia
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      Fioretti, Michele, Junnan He, and Jorge Tamayo. "Prices and Concentration: A U-shape? Theory and Evidence from Renewables." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-049, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Incentive-Compatible Recovery from Manipulated Signals, with Applications to Decentralized Physical Infrastructure

      By: Jason Milionis, Jens Ernstberger, Joseph Bonneau, Scott Duke Kominers and Tim Roughgarden
      We introduce the first formal model capturing the elicitation of unverifiable information from a party (the "source") with implicit signals derived by other players (the "observers"). Our model is motivated in part by applications in decentralized physical... View Details
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Infrastructure; Information Infrastructure
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      Milionis, Jason, Jens Ernstberger, Joseph Bonneau, Scott Duke Kominers, and Tim Roughgarden. "Incentive-Compatible Recovery from Manipulated Signals, with Applications to Decentralized Physical Infrastructure." Working Paper, March 2025.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Why Has Construction Productivity Stagnated? The Role of Land-Use Regulation

      By: Leonardo D’Amico, Edward Glaeser, Joseph Gyourko, William Kerr and Giacomo A. M. Ponzetto
      We document a Kuznets curve for construction productivity in 20th-century America. Homes built per construction worker remained stagnant between 1900 and 1940, boomed after World War II, and then plummeted after 1970. The productivity boom from 1940 to 1970 shows... View Details
      Keywords: Governance Controls; Performance Productivity; Local Range; Construction Industry
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      D’Amico, Leonardo, Edward Glaeser, Joseph Gyourko, William Kerr, and Giacomo A. M. Ponzetto. "Why Has Construction Productivity Stagnated? The Role of Land-Use Regulation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-027, November 2024.
      • August 2024
      • Article

      How Do Copayment Coupons Affect Branded Drug Prices and Quantities Purchased?

      By: Leemore S. Dafny, Kate Ho and Edward Kong
      Drug copayment coupons to reduce patient cost-sharing have become nearly ubiquitous for high-priced brand-name prescription drugs. Medicare bans such coupons on the grounds that they are kickbacks that induce utilization, but they are commonly used by... View Details
      Keywords: Prescription Drugs; Coupons; Impact; Health Care and Treatment; Markets; Price; Spending; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Dafny, Leemore S., Kate Ho, and Edward Kong. "How Do Copayment Coupons Affect Branded Drug Prices and Quantities Purchased?" American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 16, no. 3 (August 2024): 314–346.
      • February 2024
      • Article

      Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence

      By: Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang and Ali Yurukoglu
      Existing theories of media competition imply that advertisers will pay a lower price in equilibrium to reach consumers who multi-home across competing outlets. We generalize, extend, and test this prediction. We find that television outlets whose viewers watch more... View Details
      Keywords: Television Entertainment; Advertising; Residency; Social Media; Price; Media; Age
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      Gentzkow, Matthew, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang, and Ali Yurukoglu. "Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence." American Economic Review 114, no. 2 (February 2024): 500–533.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Spatial Mobility, Economic Opportunity, and Crime

      By: Gaurav Khanna, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, Daniel Ramos-Menchelli, Jorge Tamayo and Audrey Tiew
      Neighborhoods are strong determinants of both economic opportunity and criminal activity. Does improving connectedness between segregated and unequal parts of a city predominantly import opportunity or export crime? We use a spatial general equilibrium framework to... View Details
      Keywords: Urban Development; Transportation Networks; Crime and Corruption; Transportation Industry; Medellín; Colombia; South America
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      Khanna, Gaurav, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, Daniel Ramos-Menchelli, Jorge Tamayo, and Audrey Tiew. "Spatial Mobility, Economic Opportunity, and Crime." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-016, September 2023. (R&R American Economic Review.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Market for Sharing Interest Rate Risk: Quantities and Asset Prices

      By: Ishita Sen, Umang Khetan, Jane Li and Ioana Neamtu
      We study the extent of interest rate risk sharing across the financial system using granular positions and transactions data in interest rate swaps. We show that pension and insurance (PF&I) sector emerges as a natural counterparty to banks and corporations: overall,... View Details
      Keywords: Interest Rates; Investment Funds; Banks and Banking; Insurance; Investment Banking; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Sen, Ishita, Umang Khetan, Jane Li, and Ioana Neamtu. "The Market for Sharing Interest Rate Risk: Quantities and Asset Prices." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-052, February 2024.
      • May 2023
      • Article

      Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency

      By: Zoë B. Cullen and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson
      The public discourse around pay transparency has focused on the direct effect: how workers seek to rectify newly-disclosed pay inequities through renegotiations. The question of how wage-setting and hiring practices of the firm respond in equilibrium has received... View Details
      Keywords: Pay Transparency; Online Labor Market; Privacy; Wage Gap; Corporate Disclosure; Wages; Negotiation
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      Cullen, Zoë B., and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson. "Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency." Econometrica 91, no. 3 (May 2023): 765–802. (Lead Article.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Crowding in Private Quality: The Equilibrium Effects of Public Spending in Education

      By: Tahir Andrabi, Natalie Bau, Jishnu Das, Asim Ijaz Khwaja and Naureen Karachiwalla
      We estimate the equilibrium effects of a public-school grant program administered through school councils in Pakistani villages with multiple public and private schools and clearly defined catchment boundaries. The program was randomized at the village-level, allowing... View Details
      Keywords: Product Differentiation; Public Sector; Private Sector; Spending; Education; Competition
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      Andrabi, Tahir, Natalie Bau, Jishnu Das, Asim Ijaz Khwaja, and Naureen Karachiwalla. "Crowding in Private Quality: The Equilibrium Effects of Public Spending in Education." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30929, February 2023.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence

      By: Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang and Ali Yurukoglu
      Existing theories of media competition imply that advertisers will pay a lower price in equilibrium to reach consumers who multi-home across competing outlets. We generalize and extend this theoretical result and test it using data from television and social media... View Details
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      Gentzkow, Matthew, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang, and Ali Yurukoglu. "Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30278, July 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Measuring the Tolerance of the State: Theory and Application to Protest

      By: Veli Andirin, Yusuf Neggers, Mehdi Shadmehr and Jesse M. Shapiro
      We develop a measure of a regime's tolerance for an action by its citizens. We ground our measure in an economic model and apply it to the setting of political protest. In the model, a regime anticipating a protest can take a costly action to repress it. We define the... View Details
      Keywords: Political Protests; Modeling And Analysis; Government and Politics; Conflict and Resolution
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      Andirin, Veli, Yusuf Neggers, Mehdi Shadmehr, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "Measuring the Tolerance of the State: Theory and Application to Protest." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30167, June 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      On the Estimation of Demand-Based Asset Pricing Models

      By: Philippe van der Beck
      A growing literature uses portfolio holdings data to quantify the impact of investor demand on equilibrium prices via counterfactual experiments. The key parameter in relating demand and equilibrium prices is investors’ elasticity of demand with respect to the price.... View Details
      Keywords: Price; Investment Portfolio; Institutional Investing; Financial Instruments
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      van der Beck, Philippe. "On the Estimation of Demand-Based Asset Pricing Models." Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series, No. 22-67, May 2022.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      How Do Households Suppress the Price of Tail Risk?

      By: Laurent Calvet, Claire Célérier, Gordon Liao and Boris Vallée
      This paper investigates the effects of the issuance of retail products with non-linear payoffs on option prices. For a given underlying asset, when the outstanding volume of products embedding a short-put position increases, implied volatility at the corresponding... View Details
      Keywords: Security Design; Dividend; Options; Structured Products; Market Segmentation; Financial Instruments; Design; Volatility; Markets; Segmentation
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      Calvet, Laurent, Claire Célérier, Gordon Liao, and Boris Vallée. "How Do Households Suppress the Price of Tail Risk?" Working Paper, 2025.
      • July 2021
      • Article

      Outsourcing Tasks Online: Matching Supply and Demand on Peer-to-Peer Internet Platforms

      By: Zoë Cullen and Chiara Farronato
      We study the growth of online peer-to-peer markets. Using data from TaskRabbit, an expanding marketplace for domestic tasks at the time of our study, we show that growth varies considerably across cities. To disentangle the potential drivers of growth, we look... View Details
      Keywords: Two-sided Market; Two-sided Platforms; Peer-to-peer Markets; Platform Strategy; Sharing Economy; Platform Growth; Internet and the Web; Digital Platforms; Strategy; Market Design; Network Effects
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      Cullen, Zoë, and Chiara Farronato. "Outsourcing Tasks Online: Matching Supply and Demand on Peer-to-Peer Internet Platforms." Management Science 67, no. 7 (July 2021): 3985–4003.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency

      By: Zoë B. Cullen and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson
      The public discourse around pay transparency has focused on the direct effect: how workers seek to rectify newly-disclosed pay inequities through renegotiations. The question of how wage-setting and hiring practices of the firm respond in equilibrium has received... View Details
      Keywords: Pay Transparency; Online Labor Market; Privacy; Wage Gap; Negotiation; Corporate Disclosure; Compensation and Benefits; Gender
      Citation
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      Cullen, Zoë B., and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson. "Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency." Working Paper, June 2021. (Econometrica, Vol 91, No. 3 (May, 2023), 765-802.)
      • March 2021
      • Article

      On the Direct and Indirect Real Effects of Credit Supply Shocks

      By: Laura Alfaro, Manuel García-Santana and Enrique Moral-Benito
      We explore the real effects of bank-lending shocks and how they permeate the economy through buyer-supplier linkages. We combine administrative data on all Spanish firms with a matched bank-firm-loan dataset of all corporate loans from 2003 to 2013 to estimate... View Details
      Keywords: Credit Supply Shocks; Bank Lending Channel; Input-output Linkages; Output; Mechanisms; Trade Credits; Price Effects; Economics; Credit; System Shocks; Employment; Investment; Spain
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      Alfaro, Laura, Manuel García-Santana, and Enrique Moral-Benito. "On the Direct and Indirect Real Effects of Credit Supply Shocks." Journal of Financial Economics 139, no. 3 (March 2021): 895–921.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Competitive Two-Part Tariffs

      By: Jorge Tamayo and Guofu Tan
      We study competitive two-part tariffs in a model of asymmetric duopoly firms that offer (vertically and horizontally) differentiated products. We show that the sign of the markup for each product depends on the average expected demand among all customers as well as the... View Details
      Keywords: Product Differentiation; Two-part Tariffs; Marginal-cost Pricing; Cross-subsidization; Competition; Price
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      Tamayo, Jorge, and Guofu Tan. "Competitive Two-Part Tariffs." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-089, March 2021. (R&R American Economic Journal: Microeconomics.)
      • January 2021
      • Article

      Chain Stability in Trading Networks

      By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers, Alexandru Nichifor, Michael Ostrovsky and Alexander Westkamp
      We show that in general trading networks with bilateral contracts, a suitably adapted chain stability concept (Ostrovsky, 2008) is equivalent to stability (Hatfield and Kominers, 2012; Hatfield et al., 2013) if all agents' preferences are fully substitutable and... View Details
      Keywords: Matching; Trading Networks; Chain Stability; Stability; Competitive Equilibria; Full Substitutability; Laws Of Aggregate Supply And Demand; Contracts; Market Design; Balance and Stability
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      Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, Alexandru Nichifor, Michael Ostrovsky, and Alexander Westkamp. "Chain Stability in Trading Networks." Theoretical Economics 16, no. 1 (January 2021): 197–234.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Heterogeneity of Gain-Loss Attitudes and Expectations-Based Reference Points

      By: Pol Campos-Mercade, Lorenz Goette, Thomas Graeber, Alex Kellogg and Charles Sprenger
      Existing tests of reference-dependent preferences assume universal loss aversion. This paper examines heterogeneity in gain-loss attitudes, and explores its implications for identifying models of the reference point. In two experimental settings we measure gain-loss... View Details
      Keywords: Reference-dependent Preferences; Rational Expectations; Personal Equilibrium; Endowment Effect; Expectations-based Reference Points
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      Campos-Mercade, Pol, Lorenz Goette, Thomas Graeber, Alex Kellogg, and Charles Sprenger. "Heterogeneity of Gain-Loss Attitudes and Expectations-Based Reference Points." Working Paper, August 2022.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Reverse Information Sharing: Reducing Costs in Supply Chains with Yield Uncertainty

      By: Pavithra Harsha, Ashish Jagmohan, Retsef Levi, Elisabeth Paulson and Georgia Perakis
      Supply uncertainty in produce supply chains presents major challenges to retailers. Supply shortages create frequent disruptions in terms of promised delivery times, quantity and quality delivered. To alleviate these challenges, dual sourcing--a strategy in which... View Details
      Keywords: Information Sharing; Yield Uncertainty; Ration Gaming; Blockchain; Supply Chain; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Harsha, Pavithra, Ashish Jagmohan, Retsef Levi, Elisabeth Paulson, and Georgia Perakis. "Reverse Information Sharing: Reducing Costs in Supply Chains with Yield Uncertainty." MIT Sloan Research Paper, No. 6172-20, October 2020.
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