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    • All HBS Web  (72)
      • Faculty Publications  (22)

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      • August 2024
      • Article

      How Do Copayment Coupons Affect Branded Drug Prices and Quantities Purchased?

      By: Leemore S. Dafny, Kate Ho and Edward Kong
      Drug copayment coupons to reduce patient cost-sharing have become nearly ubiquitous for high-priced brand-name prescription drugs. Medicare bans such coupons on the grounds that they are kickbacks that induce utilization, but they are commonly used by... View Details
      Keywords: Prescription Drugs; Coupons; Impact; Health Care and Treatment; Markets; Price; Spending; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Dafny, Leemore S., Kate Ho, and Edward Kong. "How Do Copayment Coupons Affect Branded Drug Prices and Quantities Purchased?" American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 16, no. 3 (August 2024): 314–346.
      • June 2023
      • Simulation

      Artea Dashboard and Targeting Policy Evaluation

      By: Ayelet Israeli and Eva Ascarza
      Companies deploy A/B experiments to gain valuable insights about their customers in order to answer strategic business problems. In marketing, A/B tests are often used to evaluate marketing interventions intended to generate incremental outcomes for the firm. The Artea... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithm Bias; Algorithmic Data; Race And Ethnicity; Experimentation; Promotion; Marketing And Society; Big Data; Privacy; Data-driven Management; Data Analysis; Data Analytics; E-Commerce Strategy; Discrimination; Targeted Advertising; Targeted Policies; Pricing Algorithms; A/B Testing; Ethical Decision Making; Customer Base Analysis; Customer Heterogeneity; Coupons; Marketing; Race; Gender; Diversity; Customer Relationship Management; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Decision Making; Ethics; E-commerce; Analytics and Data Science; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States
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      Israeli, Ayelet, and Eva Ascarza. "Artea Dashboard and Targeting Policy Evaluation." Harvard Business School Simulation 523-707, June 2023.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Limits to Bank Deposit Market Power

      By: Juliane Begenau and Erik Stafford
      Claims about the market power of bank deposits in the banking literature are numerous and far reaching. Recently, a causal narrative has emerged in the banking literature: market power in bank deposits, measured as imperfect pass-through of short-term market rates on... View Details
      Keywords: Bank Deposits; Market Power; Net Interest Margin (NIM); Banks and Banking; Interest Rates; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Begenau, Juliane, and Erik Stafford. "Limits to Bank Deposit Market Power." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-039, November 2021.
      • September 2020 (Revised June 2023)
      • Exercise

      Artea: Designing Targeting Strategies

      By: Eva Ascarza and Ayelet Israeli
      This collection of exercises aims to teach students about 1)Targeting Policies; and 2)Algorithmic bias in marketing—implications, causes, and possible solutions. Part (A) focuses on A/B testing analysis and targeting. Parts (B),(C),(D) Introduce algorithmic bias. The... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithmic Data; Race And Ethnicity; Experimentation; Promotion; "Marketing Analytics"; Marketing And Society; Big Data; Privacy; Data-driven Management; Data Analytics; Data Analysis; E-Commerce Strategy; Discrimination; Targeted Advertising; Targeted Policies; Targeting; Pricing Algorithms; A/B Testing; Ethical Decision Making; Customer Base Analysis; Customer Heterogeneity; Coupons; Algorithmic Bias; Marketing; Race; Gender; Diversity; Customer Relationship Management; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Decision Making; Ethics; E-commerce; Analytics and Data Science; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States
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      Ascarza, Eva, and Ayelet Israeli. "Artea: Designing Targeting Strategies." Harvard Business School Exercise 521-021, September 2020. (Revised June 2023.)
      • September 2019 (Revised November 2019)
      • Case

      Pinduoduo

      By: Feng Zhu, Krishna G. Palepu, Bonnie Yining Cao and Dawn H. Lau
      Founded in 2015 by serial entrepreneur, Colin Huang, Pinduoduo Inc. (PDD) had become China’s fastest-growing e-commerce platform in history. PDD pioneered a new approach to online shopping that allowed shoppers to share products, invite friends to form shopping teams,... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Platforms; Business Model; Innovation and Invention; Competitive Advantage; Expansion; Strategy; E-commerce
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      Zhu, Feng, Krishna G. Palepu, Bonnie Yining Cao, and Dawn H. Lau. "Pinduoduo." Harvard Business School Case 620-040, September 2019. (Revised November 2019.)
      • February 2019
      • Case

      Canibal—Play It Green!

      By: Frank V. Cespedes, Joseph B. Fuller, Tonia Labruyere and Elena Corsi
      In 2011, Canibal launched a machine that could sort and compress aluminum cans, plastic bottles, and cups. Users could play a jackpot-style game on the machine’s digital display, while disposing of their beverage containers and earning coupons or other rewards. The... View Details
      Keywords: Sales Growth; Recycling; Start-up; Scaling; Market Selection; Sales; Marketing; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Segmentation; Product Positioning; Technology Industry; France
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      Cespedes, Frank V., Joseph B. Fuller, Tonia Labruyere, and Elena Corsi. "Canibal—Play It Green!" Harvard Business School Case 319-089, February 2019.
      • 2018
      • Other Teaching and Training Material

      Financial Accounting Reading: Liabilities

      By: Suraj Srinivasan
      Core Curriculum Readings in Financial Accounting cover the fundamental concepts in financial accounting. Many readings include videos and Interactive Illustrations to help students master complex concepts.
      This is a standalone reading designed to enhance... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Accounting; Liabilities; Financial Statements
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      Srinivasan, Suraj. "Financial Accounting Reading: Liabilities." Core Curriculum Readings Series. Boston: Harvard Business Publishing 5079, 2018.
      • May 2017
      • Article

      When Discounts Raise Costs: The Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization

      By: Leemore S. Dafny, Christopher Ody and Matt Schmitt
      Branded pharmaceutical manufacturers frequently offer “copay coupons” that insulate consumers from cost sharing, thereby undermining insurers’ ability to influence drug utilization. We study the impact of copay coupons on branded drugs first facing generic entry... View Details
      Keywords: Brands and Branding; Insurance Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Dafny, Leemore S., Christopher Ody, and Matt Schmitt. "When Discounts Raise Costs: The Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 9, no. 2 (May 2017): 91–123.
      • Article

      Undermining Value-Based Purchasing — Lessons from the Pharmaceutical Industry

      By: Leemore S. Dafny, Christopher Ody and Matt Schmitt
      The analogy between value-based purchasing in pharmaceuticals and the new frontier of alternative payment models for health care providers is relatively straightforward. Insurers are increasingly demanding steep discounts from providers in exchange for inclusion in... View Details
      Keywords: Drug Copayment Coupons; Prescription Drug Policy; Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Cost; Policy; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Dafny, Leemore S., Christopher Ody, and Matt Schmitt. "Undermining Value-Based Purchasing — Lessons from the Pharmaceutical Industry." New England Journal of Medicine 375, no. 21 (November 24, 2016): 2013–2015.
      • March 2016
      • Teaching Note

      Catalina in the Digital Age

      By: Uma R. Karmarkar and Robert J. Dolan
      "Catalina in the Digital Age" considers how a company with a dominant market position should evolve its established product lines given the rise of novel digital technologies. Since its founding in 1983, Catalina had enjoyed a distinct position in the world of consumer... View Details
      Keywords: Coupons; Information Technology; Customer Relationship Management; Consumer Behavior; Product Marketing; Retail Industry
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      Karmarkar, Uma R., and Robert J. Dolan. "Catalina in the Digital Age." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 516-086, March 2016.
      • May 2014
      • Case

      Groupon, Inc.

      By: Krishna G. Palepu, Blythe J. McGarvie and James Weber
      Internet coupon site "Groupon" grew revenues rapidly and went public, but struggled to impress investors or operate profitably. Did it have a sustainable business model? Groupon sold coupons called Groupons which purchasers used to acquire goods or services at... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Corporate Governance; Entrepreneurship; Financial Management; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Organizational Culture; Strategy; Web Services Industry; United States
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      Palepu, Krishna G., Blythe J. McGarvie, and James Weber. "Groupon, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 114-038, May 2014.
      • October 2013 (Revised January 2016)
      • Case

      J.C. Penney's 'Fair and Square' Strategy (Abridged)

      By: Elie Ofek and Jill Avery
      As he gets ready to release 2nd quarter 2012 results, Ron Johnson, the new CEO of department store J.C. Penney, is reconsidering the dramatic changes he initiated for the business model and brand image of his company. A new pricing scheme he put in place in February,... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Change Management; Marketing Strategy; Price; Consumer Behavior; Decision Making; Management Teams; Brands and Branding; Retail Industry; United States
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      Ofek, Elie, and Jill Avery. "J.C. Penney's 'Fair and Square' Strategy (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 514-063, October 2013. (Revised January 2016.)
      • August 2013 (Revised August 2014)
      • Case

      Catalina In the Digital Age

      By: Robert J. Dolan and Uma R. Karmarkar
      Catalina in the Digital Age considers how a company with a dominant market position should evolve its established product lines given the rise of novel digital technologies. Since its founding in 1983, Catalina had enjoyed a distinct position in the world of consumer... View Details
      Keywords: Big Data; Digital Technologies; Marketing; Customer Relationship Management; Consumer Behavior; Analytics and Data Science
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      Dolan, Robert J., and Uma R. Karmarkar. "Catalina In the Digital Age." Harvard Business School Case 514-021, August 2013. (Revised August 2014.)
      • July 2013 (Revised January 2014)
      • Case

      Experience! The Finger Lakes: The Groupon Partnership Decision

      By: Lynda M. Applegate, Chekitan S. Dev, Gabriele Piccoli and Arnold B. Peinado
      In 2010, Experience! The Finger Lakes (ExperienceFLX), a tour operator offering guided tours and concierge services in the Finger Lakes region of New York State, was at a crossroads. The business was poised for growth, and its owners, Laura and Alan Falk, were... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Social Marketing; United States
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      Applegate, Lynda M., Chekitan S. Dev, Gabriele Piccoli, and Arnold B. Peinado. "Experience! The Finger Lakes: The Groupon Partnership Decision." Harvard Business School Case 814-010, July 2013. (Revised January 2014.)
      • September 2012 (Revised January 2013)
      • Case

      J.C. Penney's 'Fair and Square' Pricing Strategy

      By: Elie Ofek and Jill Avery
      As a he gets ready to release 2nd quarter 2012 results, Ron Johnson, the new CEO of department store J.C. Penney, is reconsidering the dramatic changes he initiated for the business model and brand image of his company. A new pricing scheme he put in place in February,... View Details
      Keywords: Change Management; Consumer Behavior; Management Teams; Business Model; Marketing Strategy; Price; Brands and Branding; Decision Making; Retail Industry; United States
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      Ofek, Elie, and Jill Avery. "J.C. Penney's 'Fair and Square' Pricing Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 513-036, September 2012. (Revised January 2013.)
      • August 2009
      • Article

      Mental Accounting and Small Windfalls: Evidence from an Online Grocer

      By: John Beshears and Katherine L. Milkman
      We study the effect of small windfalls on consumer spending decisions by comparing the purchases online grocery customers make when redeeming $10-off coupons with the purchases they make without coupons. Controlling for customer fixed effects and other variables, we... View Details
      Keywords: Mental Accounting; Windfalls; Marginal Propensity To Consume; Coupons; Marketing Communications; Consumer Behavior; Accounting; Cognition and Thinking; Retail Industry
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      Beshears, John, and Katherine L. Milkman. "Mental Accounting and Small Windfalls: Evidence from an Online Grocer." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 71, no. 2 (August 2009): 384–394.
      • January 2008
      • Background Note

      Convertible Arbitrage

      By: Joshua Coval and Erik Stafford
      The goal of this simulation is to understand how convertible bonds can be viewed as a portfolio of simpler securities and to introduce an over-the-counter market. The convertible bonds that are available during the simulation are at-the-money and in-the-money so that... View Details
      Keywords: Bonds; Investment Portfolio; Price; Risk Management; Mathematical Methods
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      Coval, Joshua, and Erik Stafford. "Convertible Arbitrage." Harvard Business School Background Note 208-116, January 2008.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Mental Accounting and Small Windfalls: Evidence from an Online Grocer

      By: Katherine L. Milkman, John Beshears, Todd Rogers and Max H. Bazerman
      We study the effect of small windfalls on consumer spending decisions by examining the purchasing behavior of a sample of online grocery shoppers over the course of a year. We compare the purchases customers make when redeeming a $10-off coupon they received from their... View Details
      Keywords: Spending; Consumer Behavior; Mathematical Methods; Food and Beverage Industry; Retail Industry
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      Milkman, Katherine L., John Beshears, Todd Rogers, and Max H. Bazerman. "Mental Accounting and Small Windfalls: Evidence from an Online Grocer." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-024, September 2007. (Revised March 2008.)
      • October 2001
      • Exercise

      Liability Problems

      By: Robert S. Kaplan
      This case provides three examples of the recognition and measurement of liabilities. The first focuses on recognizing when employees have rendered services for which future period benefits have been earned, that is, whether unused vacation, sick, and personal days at... View Details
      Keywords: Cash; Annuities; Interest Rates; Compensation and Benefits; Employees; Wages; Problems and Challenges; Value
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      Kaplan, Robert S. "Liability Problems." Harvard Business School Exercise 102-035, October 2001.
      • July 1994 (Revised September 1995)
      • Case

      Cougars

      By: Scott P. Mason and Mihir A. Desai
      Provides an introduction to zero coupon bonds and stripping coupon bonds. Concerns the relationship between the spot curve, the strip curve, and the coupon curve. View Details
      Keywords: Bonds; Relationships
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      Mason, Scott P., and Mihir A. Desai. "Cougars." Harvard Business School Case 295-006, July 1994. (Revised September 1995.)
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