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    • All HBS Web  (1,312)
      • Faculty Publications  (154)

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      • July–August 2025
      • Article

      Case Study: Do We Reskill or Replace Our Workforce?

      By: William Kerr
      To remain competitive in the internet-of-things era, should the CEO of SolidTech Innovations, a fictional elevator company, invest a lot of money in reskilling its entire staff? The industry is moving from hardware to software in the form of smart, connected elevators.... View Details
      Keywords: Training; Competency and Skills; Employees; Change Management; Leading Change
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      Kerr, William. "Case Study: Do We Reskill or Replace Our Workforce?" Harvard Business Review 103, no. 4 (July–August 2025): 141–145.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Blockchain-Induced Supply Chain Transparency and Firm Performance: The Role of Capacity Utilization

      By: ShinWoo Lee Lee, Jedson Pinto, Daniel Rabetti and Gil Sadka
      This study empirically investigates how blockchain adoption affects firm profitability. Employing a quasi-experimental design triggered by regulatory changes across the United States, we provide novel empirical evidence to recent theory, proposing that blockchain... View Details
      Keywords: Blockchain; Supply Chain; Technology Adoption; Profit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; United States
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      Lee, ShinWoo Lee, Jedson Pinto, Daniel Rabetti, and Gil Sadka. "Blockchain-Induced Supply Chain Transparency and Firm Performance: The Role of Capacity Utilization." Working Paper, February 2025.
      • January–February 2025
      • Article

      Want Your Company to Get Better at Experimentation?: Learn Fast by Democratizing Testing

      By: Iavor Bojinov, David Holtz, Ramesh Johari, Sven Schmit and Martin Tingley
      For years, online experimentation has fueled the innovations of leading tech companies, enabling them to rapidly test and refine new ideas, optimize product features, personalize user experiences, and maintain a competitive edge. The widespread availability and lower... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Product Development; Competitive Advantage
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      Bojinov, Iavor, David Holtz, Ramesh Johari, Sven Schmit, and Martin Tingley. "Want Your Company to Get Better at Experimentation? Learn Fast by Democratizing Testing." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 1 (January–February 2025): 96–103.
      • September 2024
      • Case

      Nvidia, Inc. in 2024 and the Future of AI

      By: David B. Yoffie and Sarah von Bargen
      Nvidia was one of the most successful companies in the world, reaching $3.4 trillion in valuation on June 18th, 2024. While Microsoft and Apple quickly recaptured the value crown, some analysts forecasted that Nvidia was so strongly positioned that it might become the... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Value and Value Chain; Price; Technological Innovation; Competition; Vertical Integration; Valuation; Technology Industry
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      Yoffie, David B., and Sarah von Bargen. "Nvidia, Inc. in 2024 and the Future of AI." Harvard Business School Case 725-360, September 2024.
      • May 2024
      • Teaching Note

      AI Wars

      By: Andy Wu and Matt Higgins
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 723-434. In 2024, the world was looking to Google to see what the search giant and long-time putative technical leader in artificial intelligence (AI) would do to compete in the massively hyped technology of generative AI popularized over... View Details
      Keywords: AI; Trends; AI and Machine Learning; Public Opinion; Technological Innovation; Competitive Advantage; Technology Industry
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      Wu, Andy, and Matt Higgins. "AI Wars." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-482, May 2024.
      • May 2024
      • Teaching Note

      AI21 Labs in 2023: Strategy for Generative AI

      By: David Yoffie
      Teaching Note for HBS Case 724-383. The case has 3 important teaching purposes: First, what are the advantages and disadvantages of imitation? (e.g., Should AI21 imitate OpenAI with a chatbot?) Second, what are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping new technology... View Details
      Keywords: AI; Generative Ai; Generative Models; AI and Machine Learning; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Model; Business Startups; Open Source Distribution; Competitive Advantage; Technology Industry; Israel
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      Yoffie, David. "AI21 Labs in 2023: Strategy for Generative AI." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-461, May 2024.
      • February 2024
      • Case

      FIGS: Scrubbing the Status Quo

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Nicole Tempest Keller
      In October 2023, FIGS had revolutionized the medical scrubs industry with its fashionable and functional designs, but the venture was at a critical juncture. The digitally native vertical brand (DNVB) had gone public in a successful IPO in 2021 and reached $500 million... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Channels; Corporate Strategy; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Decision Choices and Conditions; Competitive Strategy; Expansion; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Fashion Industry; United States; California; Los Angeles; Europe; Canada
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Nicole Tempest Keller. "FIGS: Scrubbing the Status Quo." Harvard Business School Case 824-062, February 2024.
      • December 2023
      • Case

      Santa Elena: Table Grape Production in Chile's Water-Challenged Regions

      By: Forest Reinhardt, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago and Mariana Cal
      In the fiscal year ending in September 2022, Santa Elena, Chile’s fifth-ranking table grape exporter, a grape producer and exporter since 1980, had exported around 3.5 million boxes (18-pound each). But, due to a 13-year-long drought that plagued table grape-growing... View Details
      Keywords: Plant-Based Agribusiness; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Natural Resources; Food; Environmental Law; Problems and Challenges; Weather; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Chile; South America; Latin America
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      Reinhardt, Forest, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago, and Mariana Cal. "Santa Elena: Table Grape Production in Chile's Water-Challenged Regions." Harvard Business School Case 724-019, December 2023.
      • October 2023
      • Case

      JPMorgan Chase in Paris

      By: Joseph L. Bower, Dante Roscini, Elena Corsi and Michael Norris
      In 2019, Daniel Pinto, President and COO of JPMorgan Chase, has to make a recommendation to the bank’s Chairman and CEO, Jamie Dimon, about where to physically locate the bank’s European trading operations after Brexit takes effect in 2020. The decision-making process... View Details
      Keywords: Change Management; Banks and Banking; Financial Markets; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Globalized Firms and Management; Globalized Markets and Industries; Decisions; Banking Industry; Europe; European Union; France; United Kingdom; Paris
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      Bower, Joseph L., Dante Roscini, Elena Corsi, and Michael Norris. "JPMorgan Chase in Paris." Harvard Business School Case 724-001, October 2023.
      • October 2023
      • Case

      Fixie and Conversational AI Sidekicks

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Carin-Isabel Knoop
      In March 2023, Fixie Co-Founder and Chief Architect Matt Welsh and co-founders had the kind of meeting no founders want to have. The president of leading artificial intelligence (AI) research and deployment firm OpenAI, which had catapulted into fame with its ChatGPT... View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Model; Entrepreneurship; Decision Choices and Conditions; AI and Machine Learning; Technological Innovation; Competitive Strategy; Technology Industry; United States
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Fixie and Conversational AI Sidekicks." Harvard Business School Case 824-037, October 2023.
      • October 2023
      • Case

      Lasell University in 2023: Securing the Future

      By: John Jong-Hyun Kim and Mary C. Sauer
      In a groundbreaking move on September 20, 2022, Lasell University's President, Michael B. Alexander, announced an extraordinary 33% reduction in tuition, room, board, and fees, signaling a pivotal shift in higher education. Situated in an affluent Boston suburb,... View Details
      Keywords: Higher Education; Cost; Valuation; Competitive Advantage; Education Industry; United States; Massachusetts
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      Kim, John Jong-Hyun, and Mary C. Sauer. "Lasell University in 2023: Securing the Future." Harvard Business School Case 324-049, October 2023.
      • October 10, 2023
      • Article

      10 Reasons Why Inclusion Is a Competitive Advantage

      By: Frances X. Frei and Anne Morriss
      In their new book, Move Fast and Fix Things, Frances Frei and Anne Morriss outline five strategies to help leaders tackle their hardest problems and quickly make change. Their third strategy is creating an inclusive environment that allows all employees to... View Details
      Keywords: Business or Company Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance Improvement
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      Frei, Frances X., and Anne Morriss. "10 Reasons Why Inclusion Is a Competitive Advantage." Harvard Business Review (website) (October 10, 2023).
      • August 2023 (Revised September 2023)
      • Case

      Zegna

      By: Rohit Deshpandé, Dante Roscini and Elena Corsi
      In 2023, the Italian luxury Zegna brand, traditionally known for formal menswear, was refocusing towards leisure wear, following a recent consumer trend. Such a move exposed the brand to more competition, in a segment where perhaps its made-in-Italy feature was less of... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Product Positioning; Luxury; Competition; Fashion Industry; Italy
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      Deshpandé, Rohit, Dante Roscini, and Elena Corsi. "Zegna." Harvard Business School Case 524-021, August 2023. (Revised September 2023.)
      • April 2023 (Revised February 2024)
      • Case

      AI Wars

      By: Andy Wu, Matt Higgins, Miaomiao Zhang and Hang Jiang
      In February 2024, the world was looking to Google to see what the search giant and long-time putative technical leader in artificial intelligence (AI) would do to compete in the massively hyped technology of generative AI. Over a year ago, OpenAI released ChatGPT, a... View Details
      Keywords: AI; Artificial Intelligence; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Competitive Strategy; Technological Innovation
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      Wu, Andy, Matt Higgins, Miaomiao Zhang, and Hang Jiang. "AI Wars." Harvard Business School Case 723-434, April 2023. (Revised February 2024.)
      • February 2023 (Revised March 2023)
      • Case

      Hey, Insta & YouTube, Are You Watching TikTok?

      By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee
      In early 2023, the entertainment app TikTok reached close to 1 billion users globally, placing it 4th behind the leading social networks of Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. Featuring a sophisticated recommendation engine, TikTok mastered the art of keeping users... View Details
      Keywords: Social Media; Applications and Software; Business Model; Competition; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Oberholzer-Gee, Felix. "Hey, Insta & YouTube, Are You Watching TikTok?" Harvard Business School Case 723-426, February 2023. (Revised March 2023.)
      • December 7, 2022
      • Article

      Why Decentralized Crypto Platforms Are Weathering the Crash

      By: Shai Bernstein and Scott Duke Kominers
      In the past year, crypto markets dropped from $2.9 trillion in value to around $800 billion. In the wake of the collapse, crypto lenders and exchanges have been accused of fraud and other wrongdoing. What went wrong? One factor is competition. In theory, competition... View Details
      Keywords: Crypto Economy; Cryptocurrency; Financial Complexity; Financial Crisis; Decentralization; Decentralized Markets; Decentralized Autonomous Organizations; Finance; Market Design; Financial Services Industry
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      Bernstein, Shai, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Why Decentralized Crypto Platforms Are Weathering the Crash." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (December 7, 2022).
      • 2022
      • White Paper

      The American Opportunity Index: A Corporate Scorecard of Worker Advancement

      By: Matt Sigelman, Joseph Fuller, Nik Dawson and Gad Levanon
      The American Opportunity Index: A Corporate Scorecard of Worker Advancement is a new effort to give companies and other stakeholders a set of robust tools that measure how well major employers are doing in fostering economic mobility for workers and how they could do... View Details
      Keywords: Upward Mobility; Career Advancement; Personal Development and Career; Compensation and Benefits; Employees; Wages; Human Capital; Recruitment
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      Sigelman, Matt, Joseph Fuller, Nik Dawson, and Gad Levanon. "The American Opportunity Index: A Corporate Scorecard of Worker Advancement." White Paper, Burning Glass Institute, October 2022 (A joint project with Harvard Business School Project on Managing the Future of Work and Schultz Family Foundation.)
      • 2022
      • Report

      Competitiveness Roadmap for India@100

      By: Michael E. Porter and Christian H.M. Ketels
      The Competitiveness Roadmap for India lays out policy principles to guide India's efforts to move towards middle-income and beyond over the next 25 years. It covers a discussion of appropriate outcome ambitions, the underlying development approach, specific policy... View Details
      Keywords: Economic Growth; Strategy; Competition; Policy; Government Administration; India
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      Porter, Michael E., and Christian H.M. Ketels. "Competitiveness Roadmap for India@100." Report, Institute for Competitiveness, India, September 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Case

      From GOP to NFT: Anthony Scaramucci and the Launch of Flatter NFT

      By: Lauren Cohen, Richard Ryffel and Grace Headinger
      Anthony Scaramucci, Managing Director of SkyBridge Capital, considered whether he should officially greenlight the launch of SkyBridge’s own NFT platform — Flatter NFT. He had led the investment firm to push first into Bitcoin and then Ethereum to make SkyBridge a... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startup; Fintech; Technology; Cryptocurrency; Web3; Business Startups; Volatility; Decision Making; Entertainment; Entrepreneurship; Investment; Strategic Planning; Adoption; Competitive Advantage; Technology Adoption; Finance; Currency; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; New York (city, NY)
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      Cohen, Lauren, Richard Ryffel, and Grace Headinger. "From GOP to NFT: Anthony Scaramucci and the Launch of Flatter NFT." Harvard Business School Case 222-085, May 2022.
      • Article

      How Market Power Affects Dynamic Pricing: Evidence from Inventory Fluctuations at Car Dealerships

      By: Ayelet Israeli, Fiona Scott-Morton, Jorge Silva-Risso and Florian Zettelmeyer
      This paper investigates empirically the effect of market power on dynamic pricing in the presence of inventories. Our setting is the auto retail industry; we analyze how automotive dealerships adjust prices to inventory levels under varying degrees of market power. We... View Details
      Keywords: Dynamic Pricing; Market Power; Pricing; Price Discrimination; Inventory Production; Marketing; Price; Competitive Strategy; Auto Industry; Retail Industry
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      Israeli, Ayelet, Fiona Scott-Morton, Jorge Silva-Risso, and Florian Zettelmeyer. "How Market Power Affects Dynamic Pricing: Evidence from Inventory Fluctuations at Car Dealerships." Management Science 68, no. 2 (February 2022): 895–916.
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