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- All HBS Web (385)
- Faculty Publications (234)
- 2018
- Book
American Fair Trade: Proprietary Capitalism, Corporatism, and the 'New Competition,' 1890–1940
By: Laura Phillips Sawyer
American Fair Trade explores the contested political and legal meanings of the term fair trade from the late nineteenth century through the New Deal era. This history of American capitalism argues that business associations partnered with regulators to... View Details
Keywords: Economic Systems; Competition; Policy; Fairness; History; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; United States
Phillips Sawyer, Laura. American Fair Trade: Proprietary Capitalism, Corporatism, and the 'New Competition,' 1890–1940. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
- June 2019
- Case
Fangda Partners: A Step Ahead
By: Ashish Nanda and Lisa Rohrer
Elite Chinese law firm Fangda Partners has steered Alibaba and other Chinese and international clients through the complex legal, corporate, and regulatory challenges associated with executing international transactions. “Fangda has traveled a long distance in a short... View Details
Keywords: Law Firm; Law Firms; Growth; Legal Industry; Regulation; Professional Services; Law; Leadership; Growth and Development; Strategy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Legal Services Industry; China
Nanda, Ashish, and Lisa Rohrer. "Fangda Partners: A Step Ahead." Harvard Business School Case 719-406, June 2019.
- September 2010 (Revised January 2012)
- Case
BP's Macondo: Spill and Response
By: Julio J. Rotemberg
This case starts by reporting various factors that may have contributed to the massive Macondo oil spill, noting that BP, its partners and the government all made decisions that helped cause the accident. It then discusses the response to this spill by BP and the... View Details
Keywords: Safety; Metals and Minerals; Crisis Management; Infrastructure; Trade; Pollutants; Risk and Uncertainty; Business and Government Relations; Finance; Multinational Firms and Management; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Technology Adoption; Energy Industry; Mining Industry; United Kingdom; United States
Rotemberg, Julio J. "BP's Macondo: Spill and Response." Harvard Business School Case 711-021, September 2010. (Revised January 2012.)
- 2022
- Chapter
Measuring Compliance Risk and the Emergence of Analytics
By: Eugene F. Soltes
Corporate compliance manages a diverse set of regulatory and reputational concerns ranging from fraud to privacy to discrimination. However, effectively managing such risks has often been hampered by a lack of adequate information about when, where, and why misconduct... View Details
Keywords: Compliance; Risk; Analytics; Governance Compliance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Risk Management; Analytics and Data Science
Soltes, Eugene F. "Measuring Compliance Risk and the Emergence of Analytics." Chap. 8 in Measuring Compliance: Assessing Corporate Crime and Misconduct Prevention, edited by Melissa Rorie and Benjamin van Rooij, 137–152. Cambridge University Press, 2022.
- March 1999
- Case
Merck & Co., Inc.: Corporate Strategy, Organization and Culture (A)
By: Michael Beer and Perry Fagan
In the early 1990s, Merck faced a series of challenges because of significant changes in its competitive and regulatory environment (e.g., growth in power of pharmaceutical buyers like managed care organizations led to price pressures and President Clinton's review of... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business or Company Management; Organizational Culture; Problems and Challenges; Management Practices and Processes; Competitive Strategy; Management Teams; Health Care and Treatment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Situation or Environment; Alignment; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
Beer, Michael, and Perry Fagan. "Merck & Co., Inc.: Corporate Strategy, Organization and Culture (A)." Harvard Business School Case 499-054, March 1999.
- September 2011
- Article
How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?
The credit rating industry has historically been dominated by just two agencies, Moody's and S&P, leading to longstanding legislative and regulatory calls for increased competition. The material entry of a third rating agency (Fitch) to the competitive landscape offers... View Details
Keywords: Credit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competition; Forecasting and Prediction; Theory
Becker, Bo, and Todd Milbourn. "How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?" Journal of Financial Economics 101, no. 3 (September 2011): 493–514.
- 2008
- Working Paper
How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?
The credit rating industry has historically been dominated by just two agencies, Moody's and S&P, leading to longstanding legislative and regulatory calls for increased competition. The material entry of a third rating agency (Fitch) to the competitive landscape offers... View Details
Keywords: Credit; Financial Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Quality; Reputation; Competition; Financial Services Industry
Becker, Bo, and Todd Milbourn. "How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-051, October 2008. (Revised July 2009, September 2010.)
- August 2023 (Revised May 2024)
- Case
Dicerna Pharmaceuticals: Decision Making in Clinical Trial Design and Operations
By: Satish Tadikonda and Amanda McEwen
The success or failure of Dicerna Pharmaceuticals (Dicerna) as an emerging pharmaceutical company would likely hinge on its lead drug candidate Nedosiran and the company’s ability to see it successfully through clinical development. Ralf Rosskamp, Chief Medical... View Details
Keywords: Business Strategy; Health Testing and Trials; Product Development; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Pharmaceutical Industry
Tadikonda, Satish, and Amanda McEwen. "Dicerna Pharmaceuticals: Decision Making in Clinical Trial Design and Operations." Harvard Business School Case 824-018, August 2023. (Revised May 2024.)
- January 2025
- Article
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Implementations and Corporate Misconduct
By: Jonas Heese and Joseph Pacelli
This study examines whether enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations are associated with reductions in corporate misconduct. Specifically, we study the relation between staggered facility-level rollouts of ERP systems and facility-level regulatory violations... View Details
Heese, Jonas, and Joseph Pacelli. "Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Implementations and Corporate Misconduct." Accounting Review 100, no. 1 (January 2025): 291–315.
- October 2008
- Article
Risk Frameworks and Biomonitoring: Distributed Regulation of Synthetic Chemicals in Humans
By: Arthur A. Daemmrich
The ability to detect and measure the presence of synthetic chemicals at trace levels in humans coupled to increased environmental NGO mobilization concerning chemical exposure has challenged risk and regulatory frameworks built up over the past quarter-century. This... View Details
Keywords: Chemicals; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Risk Management; Natural Environment; Pollutants; Non-Governmental Organizations; United States
Daemmrich, Arthur A. "Risk Frameworks and Biomonitoring: Distributed Regulation of Synthetic Chemicals in Humans." Environmental History 13, no. 4 (October 2008): 684–694.
- June 2009
- Case
The Role of the Audit Committee in Risk Oversight
By: Jay W. Lorsch and Kaitlyn Simpson
An audit committee chair considers how he can help his committee become more effective given the increasing regulatory demands on audit committees. He also wrestles with the lack of specificity in audit committee duties and whether his committee should take on... View Details
Keywords: Accounting Audits; Corporate Governance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; Laws and Statutes; Risk Management
Lorsch, Jay W., and Kaitlyn Simpson. "The Role of the Audit Committee in Risk Oversight." Harvard Business School Case 409-016, June 2009.
- November 2003 (Revised July 2014)
- Case
'Walking on a Tightrope': Maintaining London as a Financial Center
By: Geoffrey Jones and Meghan Gallagher-Kernstine
Focuses on the development of London as a leading international financial center and the difficulties it faces maintaining its status. Examines London's history as a financial center from Roman times to the present day. London's position in the 19th century rested on... View Details
Keywords: International Finance; Geographic Location; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business History; Status and Position; Financial Services Industry; Europe; London
Jones, Geoffrey, and Meghan Gallagher-Kernstine. "'Walking on a Tightrope': Maintaining London as a Financial Center." Harvard Business School Case 804-081, November 2003. (Revised July 2014.)
- January 2025
- Case
COMAC - Chinese Aviation Soars to New Heights
By: William C. Kirby and Daniel Fu
COMAC's C919 manifested the first challenge to the Boeing-Airbus duopoly since it came to dominate aircraft manufacturing in the 1990s. Beijing sought to export the C919 abroad in its quest to become a "transportation superpower." Was it a wise decision for COMAC to... View Details
- July 2013
- Case
Sample6: Innovating to Make Food Safer
By: Robert F. Higgins and Kirsten Kester
Tim Curran, CEO of Sample6, a start-up biotechnology company developing a novel food safety diagnostics platform, must decide how to partner with food industry players. How can he best convince leaders in this mature industry to adopt a new technology and improve food... View Details
Keywords: Data Analytics; Food Safety; Biotechnology; Nutrition; Entrepreneurship; Product; Partners and Partnerships; Food; Technological Innovation; Business Startups; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Product Development; Agribusiness; Information Technology; Globalization; Performance Improvement; Safety; Technology Adoption; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Biotechnology Industry; Information Industry; United States; Boston; Massachusetts
Higgins, Robert F., and Kirsten Kester. "Sample6: Innovating to Make Food Safer." Harvard Business School Case 814-014, July 2013.
- November 2010 (Revised December 2010)
- Case
Mid-Missouri Energy: Ethanol from Corn
By: Forest L. Reinhardt, Noel Michele Holbrook, James Weber and Karla Sartor
Mid-Missouri Energy (MME) is a farmer-owned cooperative that produces ethanol from corn. The cooperative has performed well in comparison to other producers, but margins in the industry had declined as industry production levels neared market demand limits. MME farmers... View Details
Keywords: Agribusiness; Renewable Energy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Growth and Development Strategy; Cooperative Ownership; Business and Government Relations; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; United States
Reinhardt, Forest L., Noel Michele Holbrook, James Weber, and Karla Sartor. "Mid-Missouri Energy: Ethanol from Corn." Harvard Business School Case 711-004, November 2010. (Revised December 2010.)
- December 2008 (Revised October 2013)
- Case
Amylin Pharmaceuticals: Diabetes and Beyond (A)
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Rachel Gordon
Ginger Graham, CEO of Amylin Pharmaceuticals, joined the company with the expectation of taking the company's signature drug, Symlin, to market. However, unforeseen regulatory challenges have put the approval process in jeopardy. At the same time, the company has a... View Details
Keywords: Regulations; Drug Regulations; Symlin; Negotiation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Resource Allocation; Negotiation Deal; Product Development; Research and Development; Commercialization; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
Hamermesh, Richard G., and Rachel Gordon. "Amylin Pharmaceuticals: Diabetes and Beyond (A)." Harvard Business School Case 809-011, December 2008. (Revised October 2013.)
- November 2024
- Background Note
Nonprofit Governance: Some Basics
By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
This background note discusses basics about the prevalence, purpose, and unique legal, governance and regulatory dynamics of nonprofits and their boards of directors. The note describes both similarities and differences between for-profit and non-profit governance,... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Leadership; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; United States
Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Nonprofit Governance: Some Basics." Harvard Business School Background Note 325-067, November 2024.
- January 2023 (Revised December 2023)
- Case
OhmConnect: Energizing the Future
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Jennifer Fonstad and Nicole Tempest Keller
Founded in 2013, OhmConnect was a free consumer web app that alerted customers about peak hours of electricity demand, and paid them to lower their energy use at home during these periods. The company sold the aggregated reductions generated by thousands of households... View Details
Keywords: App Development; Renewable Energy; Electricity Usage; Regulations; VC; Technology; Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC); Scalability; Applications and Software; Growth and Development Strategy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business Model; Venture Capital; Energy Industry; United States; California; Texas; Europe
Rayport, Jeffrey F., Jennifer Fonstad, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "OhmConnect: Energizing the Future." Harvard Business School Case 823-065, January 2023. (Revised December 2023.)
- 2022
- White Paper
The Options Multiplier: Decoding the CareerWise Youth Apprentice Journey
By: Joseph B. Fuller, Rachel Lipson, Farah Mallah, Girish Pendse and Rachel Snyder
As more Americans question the appeal of costly
higher education programs, earn-and-learn models,
like apprenticeship, are attracting increasing
attention from policymakers and employers alike. While apprenticeship is widespread in many
parts of Europe,... View Details
Keywords: Apprenticeship; Higher Education; Training; Personal Development and Career; Cost vs Benefits; Success; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Fuller, Joseph B., Rachel Lipson, Farah Mallah, Girish Pendse, and Rachel Snyder. "The Options Multiplier: Decoding the CareerWise Youth Apprentice Journey." White Paper, Project on Workforce at Harvard, November 2022.
- October 2009 (Revised November 2016)
- Case
Generation Health: A Pioneer in Genetics Benefit Management (A)
By: Robert F. Higgins, Jeffrey D. Marrazzo and Rachel Gordon
Generation Health, a pioneer in the new field of genetics benefit management and a newly formed company, faces many strategic issues. CEO Per Lofberg is in the midst of negotiating a partnership with a major pharmacy benefit management company. As part of these... View Details
Keywords: Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Growth and Development Strategy; Partners and Partnerships; Genetics; Health Industry; Insurance Industry
Higgins, Robert F., Jeffrey D. Marrazzo, and Rachel Gordon. "Generation Health: A Pioneer in Genetics Benefit Management (A)." Harvard Business School Case 810-007, October 2009. (Revised November 2016.)