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Show Results For

  • All HBS Web  (727)
    • News  (33)
    • Research  (636)
    • Events  (2)
    • Multimedia  (3)
  • Faculty Publications  (360)
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  • September 2010 (Revised January 2012)
  • Case

OPOWER: Increasing Energy Efficiency through Normative Influence (A)

By: Amy J.C. Cuddy, Kyle Todd Doherty and Maarten W. Bos
The case profiles OPOWER, an energy efficiency software company that applies Cialdini's principles of social influence to successfully encourage consumers to reduce their energy usage. OPOWER was co-founded in 2008 by two young Harvard graduates, Dan Yates and Alex... View Details
Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Applications and Software; Attitudes; Entrepreneurship; Energy Conservation; Power and Influence; Growth and Development Strategy; Energy Industry; United States
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Cuddy, Amy J.C., Kyle Todd Doherty, and Maarten W. Bos. "OPOWER: Increasing Energy Efficiency through Normative Influence (A)." Harvard Business School Case 911-016, September 2010. (Revised January 2012.)
  • 2015
  • Working Paper

'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions

By: Silvia Bellezza, Joshua M. Ackerman and Francesca Gino
Consumers are often faced with the opportunity to purchase a new, enhanced product (e.g., a new phone), even though the device they currently own is still fully functional. We propose that consumers act more recklessly with their current products and are less concerned... View Details
Keywords: Carelessness; Product Upgrade; Justification; Loss; Consumer Behavior; Attitudes; Product; Ownership
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Bellezza, Silvia, Joshua M. Ackerman, and Francesca Gino. "'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-077, April 2015.
  • 01 Dec 2015
  • First Look

December 1, 2015

within the firm. The inventor team composition has important consequences for how the new knowledge is exploited within and outside of the firm. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50098 2015 The Cambridge Handbook of View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 20 May 2019
  • Research & Ideas

Activist CEOs Are Rising Up—and Their Customers Are Listening

When former Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz announced earlier this year he was thinking about running for president of the United States, it wasn’t a new idea. Past CEOs seeking the White House have included Carly Fiorina, Ross Perot, Herman Cain, Steve Forbes, Mitt... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
  • December 2012
  • Article

Bolstering and Restoring Feelings of Competence via the IKEA Effect

By: Daniel Mochon, Michael I. Norton and Dan Ariely
We examine the underlying process behind the IKEA effect, which is defined as consumers' willingness to pay more for self-created products than for identical products made by others, and explore the factors that influence both consumers' willingness to engage in... View Details
Keywords: Value; Consumer Behavior; Attitudes
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Mochon, Daniel, Michael I. Norton, and Dan Ariely. "Bolstering and Restoring Feelings of Competence via the IKEA Effect." International Journal of Research in Marketing 29, no. 4 (December 2012): 363–369.
  • 09 Sep 2014
  • First Look

First Look: September 9

  Publications September 2014 Cambridge University Press Consumer Lending in France and America: Credit and Welfare By: Trumbull, Gunnar Abstract—Why did America embrace consumer credit over the course of... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • April 2008
  • Case

TerraCog Global Positioning Systems: Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial

By: Michael Beer and Sunru Yong
TerraCog, a successful privately held high-tech firm that develops GPS (global positioning system) and similar products for consumer markets, has recently been caught off-guard by a competitor's new product that makes novel use of satellite imagery. When TerraCog... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Behavior; Meetings; Decision Making; Group Dynamics; Human Resource Management; Conflict; Information Technology; Leadership; Conflict Management; Competition; Groups and Teams; Organizational Culture; Human Resources; Communication; Decision Choices and Conditions; Crisis Management; Technology Industry
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Beer, Michael, and Sunru Yong. "TerraCog Global Positioning Systems: Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial." Harvard Business School Brief Case 082-184, April 2008.
  • July 2012
  • Article

iPhones for Friends, Refrigerators for Family: How Products Prime Social Networks

By: Lalin Anik and Michael I. Norton
We show that priming consumers with products associated with specific social networks increases the salience of those networks, influencing both word-of-mouth intentions and consumption. Consumers were exposed to friend- or family-related products (e.g., game consoles... View Details
Keywords: Family and Family Relationships; Product; Customers; Familiarity; Social and Collaborative Networks
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Anik, Lalin, and Michael I. Norton. "iPhones for Friends, Refrigerators for Family: How Products Prime Social Networks." Social Influence 7, no. 3 (July 2012): 154–171.
  • 2012
  • Book

Strength in Numbers: The Political Power of Weak Interests

By: Gunnar Trumbull
This book investigates the sources of interest group influence on public policy. Trumbull argues that diffuse groups like consumers are more influential, and industry less influential, than we commonly assume. View Details
Keywords: Government and Politics; Interests; Power and Influence; Demand and Consumers; Policy
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Trumbull, Gunnar. Strength in Numbers: The Political Power of Weak Interests. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.
  • Article

Motivated Inferences of Price and Quality in Healthcare Decisions

By: Emily Prinsloo, Kate Barasz and Peter A. Ubel
Policy makers have increasingly advocated for healthcare price transparency, whereby prices are made salient before services are rendered. While such policies may empower consumers, they also bring price to the forefront of healthcare choices as never before, with yet... View Details
Keywords: Healthcare; Price Transparency; Health Care and Treatment; Price; Quality; Perception; Consumer Behavior; Decisions; Insurance
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Prinsloo, Emily, Kate Barasz, and Peter A. Ubel. "Motivated Inferences of Price and Quality in Healthcare Decisions." Special Issue on Healthcare and Medical Decision Making edited by Dipankar Chakravarti, Jian Ni, Meng Zhu. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 7, no. 2 (April 2022): 186–197.
  • Article

Research: People Use Less Energy When They Think Their Neighbors Care About the Environment

By: Jon M. Jachimowicz, Oliver P. Hauser, Julie O'Brien, Erin Sherman and Adam D. Galinsky
A significant reduction in energy consumption is needed to help meet critical temperature thresholds. New research points to a way to help consumers work toward this goal – one that doesn’t rest on changing people’s personal beliefs about climate change. Rather, it... View Details
Keywords: Sustainability; Energy; Energy Conservation; Motivation and Incentives
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Jachimowicz, Jon M., Oliver P. Hauser, Julie O'Brien, Erin Sherman, and Adam D. Galinsky. "Research: People Use Less Energy When They Think Their Neighbors Care About the Environment." Harvard Business Review (website) (January 28, 2019).
  • December 1993 (Revised September 2003)
  • Supplement

Beech-Nut Nutrition Corporation (D)

By: Lynn S. Paine
Prosecutors in the U.S. Justice Department's Office of Consumer Litigation reflect on their case against the Beech-Nut Nutrition Corp. View Details
Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Lawsuits and Litigation; Management; Family Ownership; Cognition and Thinking; Food and Beverage Industry
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Paine, Lynn S. "Beech-Nut Nutrition Corporation (D)." Harvard Business School Supplement 394-105, December 1993. (Revised September 2003.)
  • 17 Apr 2007
  • First Look

First Look: April 17, 2007

transforming locally engaged citizens into viewers consuming programming from distant sources. In response to such concerns, many regulatory agencies, including the Federal Communication Commission in the United States, curtail the... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • February 2011
  • Article

The Underdog Effect: The Marketing of Disadvantage and Determination Through Brand Biography

By: Neeru Paharia, Anat Keinan, Jill Avery and Juliet B. Schor
We introduce the concept of an underdog brand biography (UBB) to describe an emerging trend in branding in which firms author an historical account of their humble origins, lack of resources, and determined struggle against the odds. We identify two essential... View Details
Keywords: Marketing; Brand Management; Brands; Brand Building; Brand Positioning; Competitive Positioning; Advertising; Marketing Communication; Biography; Brands and Branding; Product Marketing; Emerging Markets; Network Effects; Demand and Consumers; Marketing Communications; Cost vs Benefits; Perspective; Advertising Campaigns; Marketing Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry
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Paharia, Neeru, Anat Keinan, Jill Avery, and Juliet B. Schor. "The Underdog Effect: The Marketing of Disadvantage and Determination Through Brand Biography." Journal of Consumer Research 37, no. 5 (February 2011): 775–790. (Finalist, 2014 Best Article Award for a paper published in JCR in 2011.)
  • October 2005 (Revised December 2006)
  • Case

Magazine Luiza: Building a Retail Model of "Courting the Poor"

By: Frances X. Frei and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho
Describes the innovative retail model of the Brazilian firm Magazine Luiza. Magazine Luiza enables low-income consumer credit by applying a flexible and nuanced evaluation system. Additionally, its dedication to customer service, employee motivation, and progressive... View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Information Technology; Income; Innovation and Management; Success; Customer Focus and Relationships; Credit; Retail Industry; Brazil
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Frei, Frances X., and Ricardo Reisen de Pinho. Magazine Luiza: Building a Retail Model of "Courting the Poor". Harvard Business School Case 606-048, October 2005. (Revised December 2006.)
  • 2025
  • Working Paper

A Preference for Revision Absent Improvement

By: Ximena Garcia-Rada, Leslie K. John, Ed O’Brien and Michael I. Norton
People regularly encounter revised stimuli (e.g., revised versions of products, new editions of books, tweaked recipes, and technological updates). In principle, a world of constant revision should benefit people by affording them the most up-to-date offerings. In... View Details
Keywords: Product Change; Versioning; Expectancy Effects; Heuristics; Intuitive Processing; Product Marketing; Change; Perception; Consumer Behavior
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Garcia-Rada, Ximena, Leslie K. John, Ed O’Brien, and Michael I. Norton. "A Preference for Revision Absent Improvement." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-087, February 2019. (Revised April 2025.)
  • 23 Nov 2010
  • First Look

First Look: November 23

psychology and ethical decision making. Read the paper: http://www.francescagino.com/uploads/4/7/4/7/4747506/caruso_gino_cognition_2011.pdf The Design of Online Advertising Markets Author: Benjamin G. Edelman Publication: In The Handbook... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • July 1993 (Revised December 2003)
  • Case

Sears Auto Centers (A)

By: Lynn S. Paine and Michael Santoro
The CEO of Sears must decide how to respond to allegations that the company's auto repair division has been misleading consumers and charging them for unnecessary repairs. View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Corporate Accountability; Ethics; Organizational Culture; Compensation and Benefits; Management Teams; Employees; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Performance Improvement; Auto Industry
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Paine, Lynn S., and Michael Santoro. "Sears Auto Centers (A)." Harvard Business School Case 394-009, July 1993. (Revised December 2003.)
  • 04 Aug 2006
  • What Do You Think?

What Happens When the Economics of Scarcity Meets the Economics of Abundance?

efficiently reach any type of 'Long Tail' content." But even with increased ease of access, others pointed to added sources of scarcity. Soura Bhattacharyya commented, " there is no such thing [as a free lunch]. Scarcity of time on the part of the View Details
Keywords: by James Heskett
  • January 2014 (Revised January 2017)
  • Case

Nivea (A)

By: Karim R. Lakhani, Johann Fuller, Volker Bilgram and Greta Friar
The case describes the efforts of Beiersdorf, a worldwide leader in the cosmetics and skin care industries, to generate and commercialize new R&D through open innovation using external crowds and "netnographic" analysis. Beiersdorf, best known for its consumer brand... View Details
Keywords: Innovation; Innovation Management; Crowdsourcing; Big Data; Innovation Strategy; Innovation and Management; Knowledge Management; Knowledge Sharing; Research and Development; Social and Collaborative Networks; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Analytics and Data Science; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry
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Lakhani, Karim R., Johann Fuller, Volker Bilgram, and Greta Friar. "Nivea (A)." Harvard Business School Case 614-042, January 2014. (Revised January 2017.)
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