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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (523)
- August 2020 (Revised October 2021)
- Case
India 2020 – Governance and Growth
In January 2012, the government of India faced significant challenges to achieving three key objectives of high growth, inclusive development, and improved governance. The economy was experiencing a growth slowdown, persistently high inflation, and infrastructure and...
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Vietor, Richard H. K. "India 2020 – Governance and Growth." Harvard Business School Case 721-002, August 2020. (Revised October 2021.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization
By: Rawi Abdelal
Every order is a bargain with disappointments and trade-offs. Thus is every order an unstable equilibrium. The first era of globalization, circa 1870–1914, created both international prosperity and domestic instability. That instability was fully realized during the...
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Keywords:
Centrism;
Populism;
Globalization;
History;
Balance and Stability;
Economic Systems;
Government and Politics;
Learning
Abdelal, Rawi. "Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-008, July 2020.
- July 2020
- Teaching Note
COVID-19: The Global Shutdown
By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
In the first months of 2020, a pandemic overwhelmed the world. COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus, spread from China and created a severe public health emergency across countries. While an immediate fear of the disease’s impact on human life permeaacted...
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- July 2020
- Article
Higher Economic Inequality Intensifies the Financial Hardship of People Living in Poverty by Fraying the Community Buffer
By: Jon M. Jachimowicz, Barnabas Szaszi, Marcel Lukas, David Smerdon, Jaideep Prabhu and Elke U. Weber
The current research investigates whether higher economic inequality disproportionately intensifies the financial hardship of low-income individuals. We propose that higher economic inequality increases financial hardship for low-income individuals by reducing their...
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Keywords:
Economic Inequalty;
Economy;
Income;
Equality and Inequality;
Poverty;
Civil Society or Community
Jachimowicz, Jon M., Barnabas Szaszi, Marcel Lukas, David Smerdon, Jaideep Prabhu, and Elke U. Weber. "Higher Economic Inequality Intensifies the Financial Hardship of People Living in Poverty by Fraying the Community Buffer." Special Issue on Racism in Action. Nature Human Behaviour 4, no. 7 (July 2020): 702–712.
- Summer 2020
- Article
Tech Clusters
By: William R. Kerr and Frederic Robert-Nicoud
Tech clusters like Silicon Valley play a central role for modern innovation, business competitiveness, and economic performance. This paper reviews what constitutes a tech cluster, how they function internally, and the degree to which policy makers can purposefully...
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Keywords:
Clusters;
Agglomeration;
Innovation;
Industry Clusters;
Innovation and Invention;
Entrepreneurship;
Patents
Kerr, William R., and Frederic Robert-Nicoud. "Tech Clusters." Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 3 (Summer 2020): 50–76.
- 2020
- Book
Capitalism at Risk: How Business Can Lead
Who should take the lead in fixing market capitalism? Business—not government alone. The spread of capitalism worldwide has made people wealthier than ever before. But capitalism's future is far from assured. Pandemics, income inequality, resource depletion, mass...
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Keywords:
Capitalism;
Business And Society;
Economic Systems;
Economic Growth;
Policy;
Leading Change;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Business and Community Relations;
Corporate Strategy
Bower, Joseph L., Dutch Leonard, and Lynn S. Paine. Capitalism at Risk: How Business Can Lead. Updated and expanded ed. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2020.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Dignity, Inequality, and the Populist Backlash: Lessons from America and Europe for a Sustainable Globalization
By: Rawi Abdelal
The greatest challenge to the sustainability of our current era of globalization comes from within the United States. Most Americans have come to reject globalization. We must discern the lessons from the parts of the developed world where the backlash is also...
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Keywords:
Pandemics;
Populism;
Dignity;
Globalization;
Economic Systems;
Equality and Inequality;
Policy;
Values and Beliefs;
United States;
Europe;
France;
Germany
Abdelal, Rawi. "Dignity, Inequality, and the Populist Backlash: Lessons from America and Europe for a Sustainable Globalization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-123, June 2020.
- 2020
- Article
Inconvenient Truths: Interpreting the Origins of the Internet
By: Shane Greenstein
A conventional economic narrative provides intellectual underpinnings for governments to subsidize research and development ("R&D") that coordinates risky research to benefit many in society. This essay compares this narrative with the origins and invention of the...
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Keywords:
Lead Users;
Technology Transfer;
Internet and the Web;
History;
Analysis;
Research and Development;
Governance;
Information Technology;
Policy
Greenstein, Shane. "Inconvenient Truths: Interpreting the Origins of the Internet." Journal of Law & Innovation 3 (2020): 36–68.
- June 2020
- Article
U.S. Monetary Policy and Emerging Market Credit Cycles
By: Falk Bräuning and Victoria Ivashina
Foreign banks’ lending to firms in emerging market economies (EMEs) is large and denominated predominantly in U.S. dollars. This creates a direct connection between U.S. monetary policy and EME credit cycles. We estimate that over a typical U.S. monetary easing cycle,...
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Keywords:
Global Business Cycle;
Monetary Policy;
Reaching For Yield;
Money;
Policy;
Credit;
Emerging Markets
Bräuning, Falk, and Victoria Ivashina. "U.S. Monetary Policy and Emerging Market Credit Cycles." Journal of Monetary Economics 112 (June 2020): 57–76.
- Article
We Have a Rare Opportunity to Create a Stronger, More Equitable Society
By: Shai Davidai, Martin Day, Daniela Goya-Tocchetto, Oliver Hauser, Jon M. Jachimowicz, M. Usman Mirza, Nailya Ordabayeva, L. Taylor Phillips, Barnabas Szaszi and Stephanie Tepper
Income inequality in the United States was at historic levels before the coronavirus hit. Now, as the disease—and the social and economic implications it brings—spread across the country, it is likely to create even deeper fissures between the poor and rich.
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Keywords:
Socioeconomic Status;
Coronavirus;
Inequality;
Work;
Income;
Equality and Inequality;
Health Pandemics;
Gender;
Money;
Policy;
Race;
Society
Davidai, Shai, Martin Day, Daniela Goya-Tocchetto, Oliver Hauser, Jon M. Jachimowicz, M. Usman Mirza, Nailya Ordabayeva, L. Taylor Phillips, Barnabas Szaszi, and Stephanie Tepper. "We Have a Rare Opportunity to Create a Stronger, More Equitable Society." Behavioral Scientist (June 1, 2020).
- May 2020 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
The Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic and the Global Economy (A)
By: Alberto Cavallo and Christian Godwin
In April 2020, the world struggled to contain the exponential escalation of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Dozens of countries had imposed restrictions on travel, work, and social gatherings. A large share of the global population was under lockdowns and...
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Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Demand and Consumers;
Supply and Industry;
Finance;
Central Banking;
Financial Markets;
International Finance;
Globalization;
Government and Politics;
Health Pandemics;
Decision Making;
Macroeconomics;
Employment;
Crisis Management;
Supply Chain;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Air Transportation Industry;
Banking Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Employment Industry;
Financial Services Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Health Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
Retail Industry;
Service Industry;
Shipping Industry;
Tourism Industry;
Travel Industry;
Asia;
China;
Europe;
Latin America;
Africa;
United States
Cavallo, Alberto, and Christian Godwin. "The Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic and the Global Economy (A)." Harvard Business School Case 720-031, May 2020. (Revised March 2022.)
- May 2020 (Revised July 2020)
- Case
COVID-19: The Global Shutdown
By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
In the first months of 2020, a pandemic overwhelmed the world. COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus, spread from China and created a severe public health emergency across countries. While an immediate fear of the disease’s impact on human life permeated society,...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Microeconomics;
Macroeconomics;
Financial Crisis;
Economy;
Economic Systems;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Economic Sectors;
Health Pandemics
Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "COVID-19: The Global Shutdown." Harvard Business School Case 320-108, May 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
HBS COVID-19 Global Policy Tracker
By: Alberto Cavallo and Tannya Cai
The HBS COVID-19 Global Policy Tracker is an initiative by the Business, Government and the International Economy (BGIE) unit at Harvard Business School (HBS) to collect and standardize economic policies implemented as a response to the coronavirus pandemic around the...
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Cavallo, Alberto, and Tannya Cai. "HBS COVID-19 Global Policy Tracker." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-110, April 2020. (Available at www.globalpolicytracker.com.)
- Article
The Impact of Penalties for Wrong Answers on the Gender Gap in Test Scores
By: Katherine B. Coffman and David Klinowski
Multiple-choice exams play a critical role in university admissions across the world. A key question is whether imposing penalties for wrong answers on these exams deters guessing from women more than men, disadvantaging female test-takers. We consider data from a...
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Coffman, Katherine B., and David Klinowski. "The Impact of Penalties for Wrong Answers on the Gender Gap in Test Scores." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 16 (April 21, 2020): 8794–8803.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Job Loss, Credit and Crime in Colombia
By: Gaurav Khanna, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, Christian Posso and Jorge Tamayo
We investigate the effects of job displacement, as a result of mass layoffs, on criminal arrests using a matched employer-employee-crime dataset from Medellín, Colombia. Job displacement leads to immediate and persistent earnings losses and higher probability of arrest...
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Keywords:
Job Displacements;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
Crime and Corruption;
Credit;
Colombia;
Medellín
Khanna, Gaurav, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, Christian Posso, and Jorge Tamayo. "Job Loss, Credit and Crime in Colombia." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-104, April 2020.
- April 2020 (Revised August 2021)
- Case
Singapore: 'Facing Challenges Together'
Since its expulsion from Malaysia in 1965, Singapore had transformed itself from a third world island nation into a vibrant city-state with one of the highest levels of GDP per capita in the world. However, sluggish demand among Singapore's major trade partners began...
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Keywords:
Savings;
Productivity Growth;
Productivity;
Economic Institutions;
Economic Development;
Government And Business;
Government Policy;
Economic Policy;
Country Analysis;
Investment And Savings;
Institutions;
Economic Growth;
Macroeconomics;
Development Economics;
Investment;
Government and Politics;
Trade;
Policy;
Research and Development;
Analysis;
Economics;
Business and Government Relations;
Asia;
Singapore;
Southeast Asia
Vietor, Richard H.K. "Singapore: 'Facing Challenges Together'." Harvard Business School Case 720-036, April 2020. (Revised August 2021.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Sticky Capital Controls
By: Miguel Acosta-Henao, Laura Alfaro and Andres Fernandez
There is much ongoing debate on the merits of capital controls as effective policy instruments. The differing perspectives are due in part to a lack of empirical studies that look at the intensive margin of controls, which in turn has prevented a quantitative...
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Keywords:
Capital Controls;
Macroprudential Policies;
Stickiness;
Intensive;
(S, S) Costs;
Capital;
Management;
Macroeconomics
Acosta-Henao, Miguel, Laura Alfaro, and Andres Fernandez. "Sticky Capital Controls." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 26997, April 2020.
- Spring 2020
- Article
The Basic Economics of Internet Infrastructure
By: Shane Greenstein
The internet's structure and operations remain invisible to most economists. What determines the economic value of internet infrastructure and the incentives to improve it? What are the open research questions for the most salient policy issues? This article reviews...
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Greenstein, Shane. "The Basic Economics of Internet Infrastructure." Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 2 (Spring 2020): 192–214.
- March 2020 (Revised September 2020)
- Case
Opportunity Insights: Research and Policy for Social Mobility
By: Scott Duke Kominers, Jeffrey Huizinga and Allison Ciechanover
Opportunity Insights -- a non-profit that researches drivers of economic opportunity and develops policy solutions to help families achieve better life outcomes -- seeks to expand its impact.
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Keywords:
Economic Opportunity;
Social Mobility;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Social Issues;
Housing;
Policy;
Opportunities
Kominers, Scott Duke, Jeffrey Huizinga, and Allison Ciechanover. "Opportunity Insights: Research and Policy for Social Mobility." Harvard Business School Case 820-714, March 2020. (Revised September 2020.)
- March 2020
- Article
A Revolution in Economics? It's Just Getting Started...
By: Shawn A. Cole, William Pariente and Anja Sautmann
We have each experienced thrills and pain while supporting the mission of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, which facilitated many of the experiments described in the 2019 Nobel Prize citation. J-PAL in many ways seeks to fulfill what Angrist and Pischke...
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Cole, Shawn A., William Pariente, and Anja Sautmann. "A Revolution in Economics? It's Just Getting Started..." Art. 104849. World Development 127 (March 2020).