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  • May 2013
  • Article

Hybrid Innovation in Meiji Japan

By: Tom Nicholas
Japan's hybrid innovation system during the Meiji era of technological modernization provides a useful laboratory for examining the effectiveness of complementary mechanisms to patents. Patents were introduced in 1885, and by 1911, 1.2 million mostly non-pecuniary... View Details
Keywords: Prizes; Technological Innovation; System; Patents; Knowledge; Value; Cost vs Benefits; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Performance Effectiveness; Japan
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  • 24 Oct 2018
  • HBS Seminar

Ina Ganguli, University of Massachusetts Amherst

    How Quantitative Easing Works: Evidence on the Refinancing Channel

    When LSAPs are needed the most, simply bending the yield curve through purchasing government debt is not effective for stimulating the mortgage market (a key sector of the economy for the transmission of monetary policy). Purchasing mortgage-backed... View Details

    • May 2021
    • Article

    Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics

    By: Efraim Benmelech, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou and Joshua Krieger
    Investment in intangible capital such as R&D has increased dramatically since the 1990s. However, productivity growth remains sluggish in recent years. One potential reason is that a significant share of the increase in intangible investment is geared toward consumer... View Details
    Keywords: Drug Development; Research and Development; Investment Return; Demographics; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Aliya Korganbekova

      Aliya Korganbekova is an assistant professor in the Accounting and Management Unit. She teaches the Financial Reporting and Control course in the MBA required curriculum. 

      Professor Korganbekova's research focuses on... View Details

      • Article

      Corruption and Firms

      By: Emanuele Colonnelli and Mounu Prem
      We estimate the causal real economic effects of a randomized anti-corruption crackdown on local governments in Brazil using rich micro-data on corruption and firms. After anti-corruption audits, municipalities experience an increase in the number of firms concentrated... View Details
      Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Economy; Business and Government Relations; Policy; Brazil
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      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Proxy Advisory Firms and Corporate Shareholder Engagement

      By: Aiyesha Dey, Joshua White and Austin Starkweather
      We examine the influence of proxy advisors on firms’ shareholder engagement behavior. Our analyses exploit a quasi-natural experiment using Say-On-Pay voting outcomes near a threshold that triggers a review of engagement activities by Institutional Shareholder Services... View Details
      Keywords: Proxy Advisors; ISS; Shareholder Engagement; Disclosure; Business and Shareholder Relations; Executive Compensation; Corporate Disclosure
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      • Article

      No Taxation Without Information: Deterrence and Self-Enforcement in the Value Added Tax

      By: Dina Pomeranz
      Claims that the VAT facilitates tax enforcement by generating paper trails on transactions between firms contributed to widespread VAT adoption worldwide, but there is surprisingly little evidence. This paper analyzes the role of third-party information for VAT... View Details
      Keywords: Taxation; Product Development; Chile
      Related
      • February 2008 (Revised December 2023)
      • Case

      Digital Music: From MP3 to Streaming

      By: Willy Shih
      The emergence of the MP3 file-based music format not only disrupted the market for portable audio players, it also impacted the business models of major record labels. Modularity, and the commoditization spillover enabled by modularity in the personal computer... View Details
      Keywords: Recording; Digital Devices; Digital Media; Digital Music; Digital; Digital Economics; Consumer Electronics; Customer Value and Value Chain; Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Information Technology; Music Industry; Technology Industry; Electronics Industry; United States
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      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Controlling Versus Enabling

      By: Andrei Hagiu and Julian Wright
      Revenue sharing between principals and agents is commonly used to balance double-sided moral hazard. We provide a theory of how, when such revenue-sharing is optimal, a principal allocates control rights over decisions that either party could make. We show that the... View Details
      Keywords: Control Rights; Decision Authority; Employment; Independent Contractors; Organizational Theory; Digital Platforms; Governance Controls; Ethics; Vertical Integration
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      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Consumer Demand with Social Influences: Evidence from an E-Commerce Platform

      By: El Hadi Caoui, Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton and Robert Schultz
      For some kinds of goods, rarity itself is valued. "Fashionable'" goods are demanded in part because they are unique. In this paper, we explore the economics of rare goods using auctions of limited-edition shoes held by an e-commerce platform. We model endogenous entry... View Details
      Keywords: Rare Goods; Scarcity; E-commerce; Consumer Behavior; Auctions
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      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Entrepreneurship and Public Health Insurance

      By: Gareth Olds
      I examine the relationship between public health insurance and firm formation. Developing a variant of regression discontinuity, I find the Child Health Insurance Program lowered the child uninsured rate by 40% and increased self-employment by 15%. Monte Carlo evidence... View Details
      Keywords: Insurance; Entrepreneurship
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      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Growth through Heterogeneous Innovations

      By: Ufuk Akcigit and William R. Kerr
      We study how exploration versus exploitation innovations impact economic growth through a tractable endogenous growth framework that contains multiple innovation sizes, multi-product firms, and entry/exit. Firms invest in exploration R&D to acquire new product lines... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Decision Choices and Conditions; Economic Growth; Investment; Innovation and Invention; Patents; Size; Research and Development; United States
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      • November 2014
      • Article

      Government Green Procurement Spillovers: Evidence from Municipal Building Policies in California

      By: Timothy Simcoe and Michael W. Toffel
      We study how government green procurement policies influence private-sector demand for similar products. Specifically, we measure the impact of municipal policies requiring governments to construct green buildings on private-sector adoption of the U.S. Green Building... View Details
      Keywords: Public Procurement; Green Building; Quality Certification; Environmental Policy; Buildings and Facilities; Environmental Sustainability; Policy; Government and Politics; Green Technology Industry; Public Administration Industry; California
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      • April 2023
      • Article

      Racial Inequality in Work Environments

      By: Letian Zhang
      This article explores racial stratification in work environments. Inequality scholars have long identified racial disparities in wage and occupational attainment, but workers’ careers and well-being are also shaped by elements of their work environment, including firm... View Details
      Keywords: Discrimination; Race; Equality and Inequality; Working Conditions; Personal Development and Career; Organizational Culture
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      • September 2016
      • Article

      Monitoring Global Supply Chains

      By: Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel and Andrea R. Hugill
      Firms seeking to avoid reputational spillovers that can arise from dangerous, illegal, and unethical behavior at supply chain factories are increasingly relying on private social auditors to provide strategic information about suppliers' conduct. But little is known... View Details
      Keywords: Monitoring; Transaction Cost Economics; Industry Self-regulation; Auditing; Codes Of Conduct; Supply Chains; Corporate Social Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Supply Chain; Globalization
      Related
      • 16 May 2013
      • Working Paper Summaries

      Marketplace or Reseller?

      Keywords: by Andrei Hagiu & Julian Wright; Retail
      • Article

      Learning by Thinking: The Role of Reflection in Individual Learning

      By: Giada Di Stefano, Francesca Gino, Gary P. Pisano and Bradley R. Staats
      It is common wisdom that practice makes perfect. And, in fact, we find evidence that when given a choice between practicing a task and reflecting on their previously accumulated practice, most people opt for the former. We argue in this paper that this preference is... View Details
      Keywords: Learning; Cognition and Thinking; Practice; Experience and Expertise
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      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Controlling Versus Enabling — Online Appendix

      By: Andrei Hagiu and Julian Wright
      Section 1 of this online appendix contains the proof of the technical Lemma (Lemma 2) used in the Proof of Lemma 1 in the main paper, which states that Ω* (.) is continuous and differentiable at R*. Section 2 provides the linear example with cost differences between... View Details
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      • 27 Mar 2018
      • HBS Seminar

      Jeffrey Clemens, University of San Diego, Economics