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      • June 2018 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Renegotiating NAFTA

      By: Laura Alfaro, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason and Sarah Jeong
      January 1, 2019 marked the 25th anniversary of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Twenty-five years after the landmark trade pact was signed by the United States, Canada, and Mexico, considerable debate surrounded it. Trade and trade agreements were a... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Negotiation; Agreements and Arrangements; Cost vs Benefits; Auto Industry; United States; Mexico; Canada
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      Alfaro, Laura, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason, and Sarah Jeong. "Renegotiating NAFTA." Harvard Business School Case 318-143, June 2018. (Revised January 2020.)
      • March 2018
      • Case

      EKOL Logistics: Thinking Outside the Box

      By: Willy C. Shih and Esel Çekin
      This case describes Ekol, an intermodal transportation and logistics company, and how it manages capacity planning. Its busiest routes linked motor vehicle assemblers in Germany and Turkey with many of their parts suppliers, but it had also developed key links in... View Details
      Keywords: Growth And Development; Strategy; Intermodal Transportation; Short-sea Transportation; Capacity Management; Capacity Planning; Delivery Planning; Route Optimization; Car Spare Part; Auto Manufacturing; Automotive Supply Chain; Europe; Turkey; Service Design; Fast Fashion; Near-shoring; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Operations; Performance Capacity; Performance Efficiency; Logistics; Transportation Industry; Auto Industry; Turkey; Germany; Spain; European Union; Europe
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      Shih, Willy C., and Esel Çekin. "EKOL Logistics: Thinking Outside the Box." Harvard Business School Case 618-037, March 2018.
      • December 2017 (Revised November 2018)
      • Case

      Tesla: Merging with SolarCity

      By: Stuart C. Gilson and Sarah L. Abbott
      In 2016, electric car manufacturer Tesla announced that it was making an offer to acquire solar panel manufacturer SolarCity in an all-stock offer worth $2.6 billion in Tesla stock. Tesla’s co-founder and CEO, Elon Musk, believed that the merger would generate... View Details
      Keywords: M&A; M&A Valuation; Investing; Equities; Equity; Valuation; Mergers and Acquisitions; Auto Industry; Energy Industry; United States
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      Gilson, Stuart C., and Sarah L. Abbott. "Tesla: Merging with SolarCity." Harvard Business School Case 218-038, December 2017. (Revised November 2018.)
      • December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
      • Case

      Alltech

      By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
      Alltech was a Lexington, Kentucky–based producer of supplements for animal feed, with revenues of over $2 billion (projected to reach $3 billion in 2018), sales in 120 countries, 5,000 employees, and 100 manufacturing plants worldwide. For nearly four decades, Alltech... View Details
      Keywords: Alltech; United States; Agribusiness; Agriculture; Animal; Animal Agriculture; Animal Feed; Livestock; Family Business; Vertical Integration; Strategy; Growth; Feed Additives; Feed Supplements; Kentucky; Growth Strategy; Family Businesses; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Change Management; Trends; Governance; Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development; Intellectual Property; Leadership; Management; Markets; Organizational Culture; Private Ownership; Science; Quality; Risk and Uncertainty; Research; Sales; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; Kentucky; Brazil; China
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      Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Alltech." Harvard Business School Case 518-001, December 2017. (Revised January 2018.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Real Exchange Rate, Innovation and Productivity

      By: Laura Alfaro, Alejandro Cuñat, Harald Fadinger and Yanping Liu
      We evaluate manufacturing firms' responses to changes in the real exchange rate (RER) using detailed firm-level data for a large set of countries for the period 2001–2010. We uncover the following stylized facts about regional variation of manufacturing firms'... View Details
      Keywords: Real Exchange Rate; Firm Level Data; Innovation; Productivity; Exporting; Importing; Credit Constraints; Currency Exchange Rate; Innovation and Invention; Performance Productivity
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      Alfaro, Laura, Alejandro Cuñat, Harald Fadinger, and Yanping Liu. "The Real Exchange Rate, Innovation and Productivity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-044, November 2017. (Revised April 2020.)
      • August 2017 (Revised September 2018)
      • Case

      Accounting Turbulence at Boeing

      By: Jonas Heese, Suraj Srinivasan, David Lane and James Barnett
      Unlike its rival Airbus, Boeing had used a practice called program accounting to record its commercial aircraft expenses since the 1980s. Program accounting allowed Boeing to expense estimated average costs instead of the actual production costs of an aircraft. This... View Details
      Keywords: Asset Recognition; Program Accounting; Airline Industry; Accounting; Production; Cost; Air Transportation Industry
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      Heese, Jonas, Suraj Srinivasan, David Lane, and James Barnett. "Accounting Turbulence at Boeing." Harvard Business School Case 118-020, August 2017. (Revised September 2018.)
      • August 2017 (Revised September 2022)
      • Case

      Fuyao Glass America: Sourcing Decision

      By: Willy Shih
      In today's global economy, what are the factors that go into production location choice? This case is set in the world's second largest automotive glass producer as it expands from China into the United States. To meet a very aggressive cost target, management is faced... View Details
      Keywords: Supply Chains; Globalization Of Supply Chain; Manufacturing Footprint; Manufacturing; Manufacturing Strategy; Global Strategy; Supply Chain; Globalization; Supply Chain Management; Production; Logistics; Strategy; Manufacturing Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; China
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      Shih, Willy. "Fuyao Glass America: Sourcing Decision." Harvard Business School Case 618-007, August 2017. (Revised September 2022.)
      • June 2017 (Revised October 2017)
      • Case

      Becton Dickinson: Innovation and Growth (A)

      By: Raffaella Sadun, Michael Beer and James Weber
      In late 2015, CEO Vince Forlenza was reviewing Becton Dickinson’s transformation efforts designed to enable the company to innovate and grow in a changing environment. Becton Dickinson had been a successful medical device company for over 100 years. In recent years,... View Details
      Keywords: Transformation; Change Management; Innovation Leadership; Mergers and Acquisitions; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Organizational Design; Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Manufacturing Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States
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      Sadun, Raffaella, Michael Beer, and James Weber. "Becton Dickinson: Innovation and Growth (A)." Harvard Business School Case 717-419, June 2017. (Revised October 2017.)
      • May 2017
      • Article

      When Discounts Raise Costs: The Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization

      By: Leemore S. Dafny, Christopher Ody and Matt Schmitt
      Branded pharmaceutical manufacturers frequently offer “copay coupons” that insulate consumers from cost sharing, thereby undermining insurers’ ability to influence drug utilization. We study the impact of copay coupons on branded drugs first facing generic entry... View Details
      Keywords: Brands and Branding; Insurance Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Dafny, Leemore S., Christopher Ody, and Matt Schmitt. "When Discounts Raise Costs: The Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 9, no. 2 (May 2017): 91–123.
      • April 2017
      • Case

      Imprimis (A)

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Karen Elterman and Marc Appel
      This case examines the strategic choices and evolving business model of Imprimis Pharmaceuticals from the perspective of CEO Mark Baum. The (A) case provides a brief history of the company and of the compounding business, outlining the challenges faced by Imprimis in... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Healthcare; Drug Compounding; Pharmaceuticals; Compounding; Drug Development; Decision-making; Mark Baum; Imprimis; Small Business; Decisions; Cost vs Benefits; Business Strategy; Business Model; Decision Choices and Conditions; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Karen Elterman, and Marc Appel. "Imprimis (A)." Harvard Business School Case 717-426, April 2017.
      • April 2017
      • Supplement

      Imprimis (C)

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Karen Elterman and Marc Appel
      This case is a supplement to Imprimis (A & B). Set in 2015, it first describes Imprimis’s decision to introduce its own line of compounded eye drop medication called LessDrops. The case then examines the moral dilemma faced by CEO Mark Baum, who was struck by the... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Cost; Moral Sensibility; Competitive Strategy; Decision Choices and Conditions; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Karen Elterman, and Marc Appel. "Imprimis (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 717-497, April 2017.
      • July–August 2016
      • Article

      Minimum Advertised Pricing: Patterns of Violation in Competitive Retail Markets

      By: Ayelet Israeli, Eric Anderson and Anne Coughlan
      Manufacturers in many industries frequently use vertical price policies, such as minimum advertised price (MAP), to influence prices set by downstream retailers. Although manufacturers expect retail partners to comply with MAP policies, violations of MAP are common in... View Details
      Keywords: Pricing Policies; Pricing; Channel Management; Legal Aspects Of Business; Price; Governance Compliance; Marketing Channels; Retail Industry
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      Israeli, Ayelet, Eric Anderson, and Anne Coughlan. "Minimum Advertised Pricing: Patterns of Violation in Competitive Retail Markets." Marketing Science 35, no. 4 (July–August 2016): 539–564. (Lead article.)
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Can Marshall's Clusters Survive Globalization?

      By: Giulio Buciuni and Gary P. Pisano
      It is widely presumed that in today's globalized economy, the value of geographic clustering of manufacturing industries is no longer valuable. Manufacturing is represented as a highly mobile "commodity" that can be sourced from anywhere in the world where factor costs... View Details
      Keywords: Manufacturing; Globalization; Marshall Industrial Clusters; Global Supply Chains; Manufacturing Industry
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      Buciuni, Giulio, and Gary P. Pisano. "Can Marshall's Clusters Survive Globalization?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-088, May 2015.
      • March 2015
      • Case

      BOLT: Seed Venture Capital Firm

      By: William A. Sahlman and Robert F. White
      BOLT is a different kind of seed venture capital firm built to serve the needs of early-stage startups at the intersection of hardware and software.

      In the past decade, the cost of entrepreneurial experimentation has dropped dramatically, particularly in web... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurial Finance; Accelerator; Entrepreneurship; Finance; Venture Capital; Applications and Software; Information Infrastructure; Strategy
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      Sahlman, William A., and Robert F. White. "BOLT: Seed Venture Capital Firm." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 815-702, March 2015.
      • October 2014
      • Case

      Honeywell and the Great Recession (A)

      By: Sandra J. Sucher and Susan J. Winterberg
      CEO Dave Cote spent six years turning around an ailing Honeywell and in 2008 Cote and his team face a new challenge: how to respond to the Great Recession. Cote does not want to give up the gains he made in transforming and unifying Honeywell. With a fall-off in... View Details
      Keywords: Layoffs; Furloughs; Downsizing; Work Sharing; Short Time Work; Recessions; Earnings Forecast; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Cost Management; Executive Compensation; Crisis Management; Financial Crisis; Manufacturing Industry
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      Sucher, Sandra J., and Susan J. Winterberg. "Honeywell and the Great Recession (A)." Harvard Business School Case 315-022, October 2014.
      • October 2014
      • Supplement

      Honeywell and the Great Recession: The Economic Recovery (B)

      By: Sandra J. Sucher and Susan J. Winterberg
      Five years after the Great Recession, Honeywell's CEO Dave Cote and his executive team reflect on the choices they made to manage costs and earnings forecasts during that uncertain time. They discuss which cost cutting measures they decided to take and their personal... View Details
      Keywords: Layoffs; Furloughs; Downsizing; Work Sharing; Short Time Work; Recessions; Earnings Forecast; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Cost Management; Executive Compensation; Crisis Management; Financial Crisis; Manufacturing Industry
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      Sucher, Sandra J., and Susan J. Winterberg. "Honeywell and the Great Recession: The Economic Recovery (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 315-023, October 2014.
      • Article

      What It Takes to Reshore Manufacturing Successfully

      By: Willy C. Shih
      The data on comparative labor and energy costs may seem compelling, but the process of bringing assembly work back to domestic factories from abroad is substantially more challenging than the economics alone would predict. This paper looks at some of the issues firms... View Details
      Keywords: Manufacturing; Manufacturing Costs; Manufacturing Strategy; U.S. Competitiveness; Competitiveness; Labor Force Participation; Labor Management; Trade; Production; Management Practices and Processes; Manufacturing Industry; United States; China
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      Shih, Willy C. "What It Takes to Reshore Manufacturing Successfully." MIT Sloan Management Review 56, no. 1 (Fall 2014): 55–62.
      • June 2014
      • Teaching Note

      Lit Motors

      By: Thomas Eisenmann
      In mid-2012 Lit Motors had created both engineering and design prototypes and conducted initial customer tests on less than $750,000 of investment. Lit Motors' founder, Daniel Kim, had started the company to design and manufacture an efficient electric 2-wheeled... View Details
      Keywords: Lean Startup; Prototyping; Electric Vehicle; Urban Vehicle; Customer Test; Gyroscope; Entrepreneurs; Development Stage Enterprises; Creativity; Disruptive Technologies; Consumer Surveys; Market Segmentation; Manufacturing Costs; Entrepreneurship; Auto Industry; United States; California
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      Eisenmann, Thomas. "Lit Motors." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 814-120, June 2014.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Management Practices, Relational Contracts and the Decline of General Motors

      By: Susan Helper and Rebecca Henderson
      General Motors was once regarded as one of the best managed and most successful firms in the world, but between 1980 and 2009 its share of the US market fell from 62.6 to 19.8 percent, and in 2009 the firm went bankrupt. In this paper we argue that the conventional... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Structure; Decision Making; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Manufacturing Industry; Manufacturing Industry
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      Helper, Susan, and Rebecca Henderson. "Management Practices, Relational Contracts and the Decline of General Motors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-062, January 2014. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 19867, January 2014.)
      • August 2013 (Revised November 2013)
      • Case

      Ford vs. GM: The Evolution of Mass Production (A)

      By: Willy Shih

      This case explores the very different paths taken by the Ford Motor Company and the General Motors Corporation in the first three decades of the twentieth century. Henry Ford's Model T was a car for the masses. After considerable experimentation, Ford Motor... View Details

      Keywords: Innovation; Exploration; Dominant Design; Business Growth and Maturation; Business History; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Positioning; Product Design; Product Development; Business Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Vertical Integration; Manufacturing Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Michigan
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      Shih, Willy. "Ford vs. GM: The Evolution of Mass Production (A)." Harvard Business School Case 614-010, August 2013. (Revised November 2013.)
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