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      • April 2025
      • Supplement

      Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion PowerPoint Supplement

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Ken Pucker and Stacy Straaberg
      The Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion (A) case introduces Allbirds as a footwear startup not only focused on simple design, comfort, and sustainable natural materials but on decarbonizing the wider fashion industry. Background material highlights the growing... View Details
      Keywords: Decarbonization; Climate Impact; Environmental Strategy; Innovation; Product Design; Supply Chain Management; Innovation Strategy; Innovation and Management; Product Development; Climate Change; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Fashion Industry; United States; California
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      Toffel, Michael W., Ken Pucker, and Stacy Straaberg. "Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion PowerPoint Supplement." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 625-005, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Techint: Strategic Choices for Community Impact

      By: Lauren Cohen, Virak Prum, Kenneth Charman, Pedro Levindo and Mariana Cal
      In early 2024 Erika Bienek, Chief Community Relations Officer at Techint, had to decide whether to invest in a new company-owned and operated technical school in Veracruz, Mexico, or invest instead in strengthening the city’s public education system. Techint, a global... View Details
      Keywords: Technical Institutes; Community Relations; Social Impact; Argentina; Mexico; Brazil; Conglomerate; Stakeholder Management; Government And Business; Community Impact; Philanthropy; Business Conglomerates; Business Subsidiaries; Business Headquarters; Family Business; Decision Making; Private Sector; Public Sector; Education; Curriculum and Courses; Middle School Education; Secondary Education; Teaching; Training; Learning; Energy; Engineering; Construction; Values and Beliefs; Geography; Global Range; Local Range; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Globalized Firms and Management; Government Legislation; Recruitment; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Knowledge; Resource Allocation; Industry Clusters; Infrastructure; Family Ownership; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Business and Community Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Business and Government Relations; Creativity; Reputation; Social and Collaborative Networks; Civil Society or Community; Social Issues; Poverty; Strategy; Construction Industry; Education Industry; Energy Industry; Industrial Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Steel Industry; Europe; Italy; Latin America; North and Central America; Mexico; North America; United States; South America; Argentina; Buenos Aires; Brazil
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      Cohen, Lauren, Virak Prum, Kenneth Charman, Pedro Levindo, and Mariana Cal. "Techint: Strategic Choices for Community Impact." Harvard Business School Case 825-058, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Radical Transformation at Bayer: Dynamic Shared Ownership

      By: Boris Groysberg and Gamze Yucaoglu
      In 2023, Bill Anderson became CEO of Bayer AG, a 160-year-old life sciences giant looking to strengthen its pharma pipeline, manage debt, and cut through bureaucracy. His bold response: Dynamic Shared Ownership (DSO), a radical model replacing traditional hierarchies... View Details
      Keywords: Human Resources; Business Strategy; Alignment; Innovation and Management; Organizational Structure; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Groysberg, Boris, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Radical Transformation at Bayer: Dynamic Shared Ownership." Harvard Business School Case 425-061, April 2025.
      • April 2025 (Revised June 2025)
      • Case

      Governing Sustainability in a Shifting Context (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      In early 2025, boards of directors had to rethink corporate responsibility and sustainability efforts amid rapidly-shifting social, legal, regulatory, and economic forces. While just a few years earlier, calls to address racial justice and climate change reached into... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Corporate Governance; Diversity; Leadership; Business or Company Management; Mission and Purpose; Social Media; Race; Environmental Sustainability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; Lawfulness; Lawsuits and Litigation; Measurement and Metrics; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Social Issues; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Banking Industry; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Governing Sustainability in a Shifting Context (A)." Harvard Business School Case 325-121, April 2025. (Revised June 2025.)
      • April 2025
      • Case

      The CHIPS Program Office (Abridged)

      By: Mitch Weiss and Sebastian Negron-Reichard
      In February 2023, U.S. Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo weighed signing off on a Notice of Funding Opportunity (“NOFO”) with at least one unconventional provision: a pre-application (“pre-app”) to the actual application for parts of $39 billion in direct semiconductor... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Public Sector; Government Administration; Government Legislation; Motivation and Incentives; Semiconductor Industry; Public Administration Industry; United States
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      Weiss, Mitch, and Sebastian Negron-Reichard. "The CHIPS Program Office (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 825-192, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      The Political Economy of Firm Networks: CEO Ideology and Global Trade

      By: Elisabeth Kempf, Mancy Luo and Margarita Tsoutsoura
      We examine how the political ideology of corporate leaders shapes cross-border firm networks. Exploiting changes in ideological alignment between U.S. firm CEOs and foreign governments around close foreign elections, we show that U.S. firms are more likely to... View Details
      Keywords: Global Trade; Firm Networks; Political Ideology; Elections; Political Economy; Political Elections; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Trade
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      Kempf, Elisabeth, Mancy Luo, and Margarita Tsoutsoura. "The Political Economy of Firm Networks: CEO Ideology and Global Trade." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-050, April 2025.
      • April 2025 (Revised April 2025)
      • Case

      JPMorganChase: Leadership in the Age of GenAI

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov, Karim R. Lakhani and David Lane
      This case study examines JPMorgan Chase's (JPMC) journey in adopting and implementing Generative AI (GenAI) following the release of ChatGPT. It outlines JPMC's initial cautious approach focused on data security, followed by strategic investments in internal platforms... View Details
      Keywords: Banks and Banking; Governance Controls; Information Technology; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Cybersecurity; Digital Platforms; Digital Transformation; Information Management; Information Infrastructure; Technology Adoption; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Knowledge Management; Knowledge Sharing; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Marketing; Product Development; Performance Improvement; Customization and Personalization; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Karim R. Lakhani, and David Lane. "JPMorganChase: Leadership in the Age of GenAI." Harvard Business School Case 325-066, April 2025. (Revised April 2025.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Navigating Choppy Waters: How U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty Affects Small Businesses

      By: David Atkin, Zoë Cullen and Ebehi Iyoha
      This paper explores the impact of recent changes in the US trade policy environment on small businesses. Drawing on a survey of more than 4,000 small businesses conducted between March 22 and 31, 2025, we examine firms’ knowledge, expectations, and decisions during... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Risk and Uncertainty; Government Legislation; Globalization; International Relations; Small Business
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      Atkin, David, Zoë Cullen, and Ebehi Iyoha. "Navigating Choppy Waters: How U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty Affects Small Businesses." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-048, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • White Paper

      Governors Reshaping Workforce Development: Turning WIOA Challenges into Workforce Solutions

      By: Joseph B. Fuller, Kerry McKittrick, Nathalie Gazzaneo, Ariel Higuchi, Justine Gluck, Zoe Butler, Jack Porter and Malena Dailey
      The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) grants Governors significant authority to shape their state workforce systems. Yet, little research explores how they use those powers to strengthen their economies and expand access to employment and training.... View Details
      Keywords: Government Administration; Policy; Training; Employment
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      Fuller, Joseph B., Kerry McKittrick, Nathalie Gazzaneo, Ariel Higuchi, Justine Gluck, Zoe Butler, Jack Porter, and Malena Dailey. "Governors Reshaping Workforce Development: Turning WIOA Challenges into Workforce Solutions." White Paper, Project on Workforce at Harvard, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Article

      An Anatomy of Crypto-Enabled Cybercrimes

      By: Will Cong, Campbell Harvey, Daniel Rabetti and Zong-Yu Wu
      The advent of cryptocurrencies and digital assets holds the promise of improving financial systems by offering cheap, quick, and secure transfer of value. However, it also opens up new payment channels for cybercrimes. Assembling a diverse set of public on- and... View Details
      Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Crime and Corruption; Technology Adoption; Currency; Policy
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      Cong, Will, Campbell Harvey, Daniel Rabetti, and Zong-Yu Wu. "An Anatomy of Crypto-Enabled Cybercrimes." Management Science 71, no. 4 (April 2025): 3622–3633.
      • April 2025
      • Article

      Corporate Ownership and ESG Performance

      By: Belen Villalonga, Peter Tufano and Boya Wang
      Using a sample of 3083 firms from 62 countries over 18 years, we analyze how the structure and identity of firms' material owners influence their Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance. We find that firms with founding families or other individual... View Details
      Keywords: ESG; CSR; Family Firms; Social Responsibility; Environment; Sustainability; Ownership; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Corporate Governance; Environmental Sustainability
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      Villalonga, Belen, Peter Tufano, and Boya Wang. "Corporate Ownership and ESG Performance." Journal of Corporate Finance 91 (April 2025).
      • April 2025
      • Article

      Serving with a Smile on Airbnb: Analyzing the Economic Returns and Behavioral Underpinnings of the Host’s Smile

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Elizabeth Friedman, Kannan Srinivasan, Ravi Dhar and Xupin Zhang
      Non-informational cues, such as facial expressions, can significantly influence judgments and interpersonal impressions. While past research has explored how smiling affects business outcomes in offline or in-store contexts, relatively less is known about how smiling... View Details
      Keywords: Sharing Economy; Airbnb; Image Feature Extraction; Machine Learning; Facial Expressions; Prejudice and Bias; Nonverbal Communication; E-commerce; Consumer Behavior; Perception
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Elizabeth Friedman, Kannan Srinivasan, Ravi Dhar, and Xupin Zhang. "Serving with a Smile on Airbnb: Analyzing the Economic Returns and Behavioral Underpinnings of the Host’s Smile." Journal of Consumer Research 51, no. 6 (April 2025): 1073–1097.
      • April 2025
      • Article

      The Impact of Minority Representation at Mortgage Lenders

      By: W. Scott Frame, Ruidi Huang, Erica Jiang, Yeonjoon Lee, Will Liu, Erik J. Mayer and Adi Sunderam
      We study links between the labor market for loan officers and access to mortgage credit. Using novel data matching the (near) universe of mortgage applications to loan officers, we find that minorities are significantly underrepresented among loan officers. Minority... View Details
      Keywords: Household Finance; Demographic Economics; Financial Institutions; Diversity; Prejudice and Bias; Mortgages; Personal Finance
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      Frame, W. Scott, Ruidi Huang, Erica Jiang, Yeonjoon Lee, Will Liu, Erik J. Mayer, and Adi Sunderam. "The Impact of Minority Representation at Mortgage Lenders." Journal of Finance 80, no. 2 (April 2025): 1209–1260.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Tracking the Short-Run Price Impact of U.S. Tariffs

      By: Alberto Cavallo, Paola Llamas and Franco Vazquez
      This paper examines the short-run impact of the 2025 U.S. tariffs on consumer prices using a unique integration of high-frequency retail pricing data, product-level country-of-origin information, and detailed tariff classifications. By linking daily prices from major... View Details
      Keywords: Tariffs; Trade; Price; Inflation and Deflation
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      Cavallo, Alberto, Paola Llamas, and Franco Vazquez. "Tracking the Short-Run Price Impact of U.S. Tariffs." Working Paper, April 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Case

      Hurtigruten: Sea Zero

      By: Christian Kaps and Michael W. Toffel
      Hurtigruten was deciding whether the next ship they built should be fully electric. But such a vessel's battery, the size of electric cars, needed to be charged on the ship's multi-day voyage along the Norwegian coast. Before making such a $250 million investment, the... View Details
      Keywords: Energy Sources; Alternative Energy; Ship Transportation; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Innovation and Management; Green Technology; Investment; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Shipping Industry; Tourism Industry; Transportation Industry; Travel Industry; Battery Industry; Norway; Europe
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      Kaps, Christian, and Michael W. Toffel. "Hurtigruten: Sea Zero." Harvard Business School Case 625-100, March 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Case

      Calyx Global: Rating Carbon Credits

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Adam Chen
      This case describes how rating agencies and other organizations are seeking to improve the quality of carbon credits sold in the voluntary carbon market to organizations seeking to use them to supplement their internal decarbonization efforts to meet their net zero... View Details
      Keywords: Service Design; Certification; Auditing; Auditor Reputation; Carbon Credits; Carbon; Rating Agency Disagreement; Ratings; Climate Change; Business Model; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Conflict of Interests; Reputation; Business Strategy
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Adam Chen. "Calyx Global: Rating Carbon Credits." Harvard Business School Case 625-102, March 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Case

      Niramai: An AI Solution to Save Lives

      By: Rembrand Koning, Maria P. Roche and Kairavi Dey
      Founded in 2017, Niramai developed Thermalytix, a breast cancer screening tool. Thermalytix used a high-resolution thermal sensing device and machine learning algorithms to analyze thermal images and detect tumors. Its patented solution leveraged big data analytics,... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Health Care and Treatment; Innovation and Management; Entrepreneurial Finance; Business Strategy; Science-Based Business; Technology Industry; Health Industry; Asia; India; South Asia
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      Koning, Rembrand, Maria P. Roche, and Kairavi Dey. "Niramai: An AI Solution to Save Lives." Harvard Business School Case 725-439, March 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Teaching Note

      Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 325-110. CEO Tim Leiweke reviewed the process by which his newly formed Oak View Group had managed a major rebuild of a landmark arena in Seattle which attracted a National Hockey League franchise and major entertainers concerned about... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Leadership; Bids and Bidding; Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Green Buildings; Construction; Partners and Partnerships; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Seattle
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jacob A. Small. "Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 325-114, March 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Transferability MATTRs: Towards Understanding Antecedents of Strategic Licensing

      By: Dafna F. Bearson and Maria P. Roche
      This paper examines the antecedents of firms’ decisions to license intellectual property (IP). We propose a conceptual framework emphasizing two critical factors: (1) transferability, which we define as the ease of moving knowledge embodied in inventions across firm... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Intellectual Property; Value Creation
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      Bearson, Dafna F., and Maria P. Roche. "Transferability MATTRs: Towards Understanding Antecedents of Strategic Licensing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-042, March 2025.
      • March 2025 (Revised June 2025)
      • Background Note

      Getting to Net Zero: The Role of the Financial Sector

      By: Shawn Cole, Jonah Zahnd, Karina Chung and Jack Cenovic
      In early 2025, momentum towards the goal of reaching net zero carbon emissions by 2050 continued in many parts of the world, even as it appeared to face a set-back following the election of Donald Trump as president of the United States. Financial institutions... View Details
      Keywords: Transition; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Law; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Risk and Uncertainty; Competitive Advantage; Financial Services Industry
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      Cole, Shawn, Jonah Zahnd, Karina Chung, and Jack Cenovic. "Getting to Net Zero: The Role of the Financial Sector." Harvard Business School Background Note 225-066, March 2025. (Revised June 2025.)
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