Publications

1999
Chapter

Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave

By: Joseph L. Bower and Clayton M. Christensen

Keywords: Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Disruption

January 2020 (Revised April 2020)
Teaching Note

Brandless: Disrupting Consumer Packaged Goods

By: Jill Avery

Brandless, an online direct-to-consumer seller of upscale private-label consumer packaged goods (CPG), offered consumers a limited assortment of values-conscious products delivered directly to their homes with the simplicity of one fixed $3.00 price point that promised... View Details

Keywords: Brand; Brand Management; DTC; Private Label; Groceries; Packaged Food; Personal Care; Startups; Retailing; Amazon; Brands and Branding; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Business Startups; Disruption; E-commerce; Consumer Products Industry; Retail Industry; United States

28 Jan 2014
News

When Rising Revenue Spells Trouble

Keywords: disruption; innovation; change management

January–February 2000
Article

Patterns of Disruption in Retailing

By: Clayton M. Christensen and R. S. Tedlow

Keywords: Disruption; Sales

14 Aug 2019
Sharpening Your Skills

The Manager's Guide to Leveraging Disruption

Building New Markets by Unleashing Disruptive InnovationChristensen's classic article from 2003 about the six keys to creating new-growth businesses. The Three Types of Leaders Who Create Radical Change... View Details

Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne

10 Feb 2020
In Practice

6 Ways That Emerging Technology Is Disrupting Business Strategy

involving artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and the Internet of Things are changing the way business leaders think about strategy. Here’s what they said: 1. Talent and data are more critical than ever “Traditionally,... View Details

Keywords: by Danielle Kost

September – October 2000
Article

Will Disruptive Innovations Cure Health Care?

By: Clayton M. Christensen, Richard M.J. Bohmer and John Kenagy

Keywords: Disruption; Innovation and Invention; Health; Health Industry

Article

What to Do When Industry Disruption Threatens Your Career

By: Boris Groysberg, Eric Lin and Whitney Johnson

This article discusses how to diagnose the risks that disruptive industry forces pose to individual careers and offers suggestions on how to mitigate such threats. Recommendations are based on analyses of individuals’ career histories in the professional services... View Details

Keywords: Disruption; Personal Development and Career; Strategy

December 1998
Teaching Note

Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave TN

By: Clayton M. Christensen

Teaching Note for (95103). View Details

Keywords: Disruption; Technology

1997
Chapter

Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave

By: Joseph L. Bower and Clayton M. Christensen

Keywords: Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Disruption

2016
Conference Paper

The Pressing Game: Optimal Defensive Disruption in Soccer

By: Iavor I. Bojinov and Luke Bornn

Soccer, the most watched sport in the world, is a dynamic game where a team’s success relies on both team strategy and individual player contributions. Passing is a cardinal soccer skill and a key factor in strategy development; it helps the team to keep the ball... View Details

Keywords: Soccer; Strategy; Disruption

November 2020 (Revised September 2021)
Case

HP Instant Ink: (Self) Disrupting the Consumer Printing Market

By: Elie Ofek, Marco Bertini, Oded Koenigsberg and George Gonzalez

Seeking to disrupt the consumer printing market (before being disrupted by others), and in response to customer pain points, in 2013 HP Inc. launched an ink replenishment service called Instant Ink, where customers pay a monthly subscription fee based on the number of... View Details

Keywords: Printing; Ink; Subscription Model; Customers; Information Infrastructure; Service Delivery; Business Model; Disruption; Growth and Development Strategy

Educators

07 Feb 2019
Book

How Big Companies Can Outrun Disruption

in a company’s business model. Radical innovation involves a major change in technology, but unlike disruptive innovation it reinforces the existing business model. Architectural innovation is a radical... View Details

Keywords: by Martha Lagace

September 2014
Case

Havas: Change Faster

By: Karim R. Lakhani and Michael L. Tushman

As of 2013, Havas was the 6th largest global advertising, digital, and communications group in the world. Headquartered in Paris, France, the group was highly decentralized, with semi-independent agencies in more than 100 countries offering a variety of services. The... View Details

Keywords: Advertising Agency; Open Innovation; Commercials; Digital Media; Digital Transition; Advertising; Digital Marketing; Advertising Campaigns; Acquisition; Change Management; Disruption; Transformation; Advertising Industry; Communications Industry

Educators

April 2025
Teaching Note

Blue Frontier: Disrupting Air Conditioning

By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small

Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 325-088. View Details

May 1997 (Revised March 1998)
Case

Teradyne: Managing Strategic Change

By: Joseph L. Bower

Three cases deal with the introduction of a new product to Teradyne's line of semiconductor test equipment. This case provides historic and administrative background for the other two cases. Teradyne: The Aurora Project deals with the problems facing the head of a... View Details

Keywords: Business Startups; Change Management; Business or Company Management; Market Entry and Exit; Product; Problems and Challenges; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Technology

1999
Chapter

Impact of Disruptive Technologies in Telecommunications

By: Clayton M. Christensen

Keywords: Disruptive Innovation; Disruption; Communication Technology; Telecommunications Industry