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- All HBS Web
(2,185)
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- News (363)
- Research (1,499)
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- September 1974 (Revised April 1975)
- Case
Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. (A)
At the conclusion of a small-scale pilot survey, management must decide whether to invest in a larger survey or terminate the project. The objective of the study is to use psychographic measurement techniques to study the alternative positions of cranberry sauce.... View Details
Keywords: Surveys; Product Positioning; Mathematical Methods; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
DeBruicker, F., and Jan-Erik Modig. "Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 575-039, September 1974. (Revised April 1975.)
- January 2010 (Revised February 2010)
- Case
IFP, Indonesia
By: Roy D. Shapiro
IFP, Ltd. is a Europe-based multinational mining and minerals company contemplating an investment to produce forest products in Indonesia. The primary case decisions are 1) how to assess political and operating risk, 2) how to integrate economic and political risk... View Details
Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Investment; Geographic Location; Risk Management; Supply Chain Management; Business and Government Relations; Forest Products Industry; Indonesia
Shapiro, Roy D. "IFP, Indonesia." Harvard Business School Case 610-052, January 2010. (Revised February 2010.)
- July 2009 (Revised July 2009)
- Case
Blue Ocean or Stormy Waters? Buying Nix Check Cashing
By: Peter Tufano
Kinecta Federal Credit Union has the opportunity to purchase Nix Check Cashing as part of their "blue ocean" strategy to reach the financially underserved and increase credit union membership and deposits. But they face financial as well as reputational risk. Check... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Credit; Financing and Loans; Personal Finance; Strategic Planning; Partners and Partnerships; Reputation; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry
Tufano, Peter, and Andrea Ryan. "Blue Ocean or Stormy Waters? Buying Nix Check Cashing." Harvard Business School Case 210-012, July 2009. (Revised July 2009.)
- April 2025
- Article
The Allocation of Socially Responsible Capital
By: Daniel Green and Benjamin N. Roth
Portfolio allocation decisions increasingly incorporate social values. We develop a tractable framework to study how competition between investors to own socially valuable assets affects social welfare. Relative to the most common social-investing strategies, we... View Details
Keywords: Socially Responsible Investing; Investment Portfolio; Welfare; Social Issues; Investment Return
Green, Daniel, and Benjamin N. Roth. "The Allocation of Socially Responsible Capital." Journal of Finance 80, no. 2 (April 2025): 755–781.
- Article
Physician-Induced Demand for Medical Care
By: Jerry R. Green
This paper addresses the theoretical models designed to ascertain the existence of a variable level of physicians' activity in shifting the demand of their patients. Two basic approaches are followed: equilibrium models of the demand for health care, and disequilibrium... View Details
Keywords: Physicians; Economic Equilibrium; Monopolistic Competition; Economic Competition; Medical Care
Green, Jerry R. "Physician-Induced Demand for Medical Care." Special Issue on National Bureau of Economic Research Conference on the Economics of Physician and Patient Behavior. Journal of Human Resources 13, Suppl. (1978).
- Article
An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy
By: N. Gregory Mankiw and Matthew C. Weinzierl
This paper examines the optimal response of monetary and fiscal policy to a decline in aggregate demand. The theoretical framework is a two-period general equilibrium model in which prices are sticky in the short-run and flexible in the long-run. Policy is evaluated by... View Details
Keywords: Fiscal Policy; Monetary Policy; Economic Models; Aggregate Demand; Demand and Consumers; Money; Mathematical Methods; Taxation; Spending; Policy; Welfare; Household; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation
Mankiw, N. Gregory, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Spring 2011). (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-113, May 2011 and NBER Working Paper Series, No. 17029, May 2011.)
- March 2005 (Revised May 2005)
- Case
Noodles & Company (Abridged)
By: Linda A. Cyr
Aaron Kennedy has successfully grown Noodles & Co. from a single global noodle shop to a chain of 58 restaurants spanning six states in seven years. In the face of increasing competition, Kennedy has plans to roll out 240 new stores in the next four years. He must... View Details
Keywords: Competition; Entrepreneurship; Franchise Ownership; Growth and Development Strategy; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
Cyr, Linda A. "Noodles & Company (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 805-098, March 2005. (Revised May 2005.)
- November 2002 (Revised October 2003)
- Case
Circles: Series D Financing
By: Paul W. Marshall and Kristin Lieb
Circles, a corporate concierge company on the verge of profitability, must make a decision whether to take a D-round venture capital despite ever-changing and ever-worsening terms. A four-year-old company with several major clients, it has met its business plan... View Details
Keywords: Cost vs Benefits; Financing and Loans; Management Teams; Growth and Development Strategy; Negotiation Process; Venture Capital; Governing and Advisory Boards; Entrepreneurship; Service Industry; Consulting Industry; Massachusetts
Marshall, Paul W., and Kristin Lieb. "Circles: Series D Financing." Harvard Business School Case 803-062, November 2002. (Revised October 2003.)
- December 1974 (Revised February 1985)
- Case
Southwest Airlines (A)
Southwest Airlines, a small intrastate carrier serving Dallas, Houston and San Antonio, begins service in 1971 in the face of competition by two larger, entrenched airlines. Improved quality service, lower prices, and innovative advertising and promotional strategy... View Details
Lovelock, Christopher H. "Southwest Airlines (A)." Harvard Business School Case 575-060, December 1974. (Revised February 1985.)
- September 2020
- Case
Uber at a Crossroads (2017)
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
This case describes the history of Uber, its business model—including the ways it differed from that of the traditional taxi industry—and its competition with Lyft. The case is set in 2017, a year in which Uber was plagued by even more scandals than usual, though its... View Details
Keywords: Business Startups; Business Model; Customer Satisfaction; Fairness; Values and Beliefs; Price; Profit; Revenue; Investment; Government Legislation; Business History; Compensation and Benefits; Resignation and Termination; Employment; Wages; Lawfulness; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Management Style; Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Product Design; Organizational Culture; Problems and Challenges; Attitudes; Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Expansion; Transportation Networks; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Valuation; Transportation Industry; Technology Industry; United States
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Karen Elterman. "Uber at a Crossroads (2017)." Harvard Business School Case 721-376, September 2020.
- February 2013
- Article
Digitization, Innovation, and Copyright: What Is the Agenda?
By: Shane Greenstein, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern
This essay discusses the need for research on the consequences of digitization, as well as the impact of alternative policies governing the creation and use of digital information. This agenda focuses on the development of research to investigate the economics of... View Details
Keywords: Information Technology; Research; Copyright; Information Management; Innovation and Invention
Greenstein, Shane, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern. "Digitization, Innovation, and Copyright: What Is the Agenda?" Strategic Organization 11, no. 1 (February 2013): 110–121.
- September 2003 (Revised September 2018)
- Exercise
RetailMax: Role for Regan Kessel
By: Kathleen McGinn and Dina Witter
This exercise requires students to enact an internal salary negotiation, taking on the roles of Cam Archer, a star employee, and Regan Kessel, a VP trying to attract the MBA into his department. The exercise presents a one-issue, distributive negotiation that... View Details
Keywords: Negotiation; Compensation and Benefits; Management Practices and Processes; Retail Industry
McGinn, Kathleen, and Dina Witter. "RetailMax: Role for Regan Kessel." Harvard Business School Exercise 904-025, September 2003. (Revised September 2018.)
- September 2003 (Revised October 2020)
- Exercise
RetailMax: Role for Cam Archer
By: Kathleen McGinn and Dina Witter
This exercise requires students to enact an internal salary negotiation, taking on the roles of Cam Archer, a star employee, and Regan Kessel, a VP trying to attract the MBA into his department. The exercise presents a one-issue, distributive negotiation that... View Details
Keywords: BATNA; Decision Trees; Negotiation; Compensation and Benefits; Personal Development and Career; Retail Industry
McGinn, Kathleen, and Dina Witter. "RetailMax: Role for Cam Archer." Harvard Business School Exercise 904-024, September 2003. (Revised October 2020.)
- 18 Feb 2010
- Working Paper Summaries
The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence and Exceptions
Keywords: by Lyra Colfer & Carliss Y. Baldwin
- 05 Jul 2006
- Working Paper Summaries
The IPS Property
- April 1999
- Case
General Property Trust
By: Peter Tufano
In 1994 General Property Trust, an Australian property investment trust, was anticipating future cash needs beyond those that the Trust could fund with internal cash flows. The managers of the Trust were considering a novel financing structure whereby it would sell... View Details
Keywords: Financing and Loans; Financial Institutions; Financial Services Industry; Real Estate Industry; Australia
Tufano, Peter, and John C Handley. "General Property Trust." Harvard Business School Case 299-098, April 1999.
- February 1997 (Revised June 1999)
- Background Note
Committed and Flexible Resources
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Stresses the difference between costs committed in advance of knowing actual demand (committed costs) and cost incurred proportional to demand. Committed costs appear fixed since their supply is independent of the amount actually used. Flexible resources are supplied... View Details
Keywords: Cost
Kaplan, Robert S. "Committed and Flexible Resources." Harvard Business School Background Note 197-078, February 1997. (Revised June 1999.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Self-Interest: The Economist's Straitjacket
By: Robert Simons
This paper examines contemporary economic theories that focus on the design and management of business organizations. In the first part of the paper, a taxonomy is presented that describes the different types of economists interested in this subject—market economists,... View Details
Keywords: Self-interest; Economist; Moral Philosophers; Regulation; Capture; Organization Design; Economy Theory; Organization Theory; Management Theory; Commitment; Controls; Governance; Customers; Conflict of Interests; Business or Company Management; Competition; Organizational Design; Business Education; Agency Theory; Economics; Theory; Boundaries
Simons, Robert. "Self-Interest: The Economist's Straitjacket." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-045, October 2015. (Revised January 2019.)
- 2019
- Chapter
The Case Method
By: Joseph L. Bower
The case method was developed concurrently with the emergence of business schools as a way of teaching future executives evidence-based problem solving in the classroom. Harvard Business School faculty led in developing the method. A particular challenge in the writing... View Details
Keywords: Case Method; Case Studies; Case Teaching; Problem-based Learning; Cases; Learning; Teaching
Bower, Joseph L. "The Case Method." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management. Continuously updated edition, edited by Mie Augier and David J. Teece. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. Electronic. (Pre-published, June 2016.)
- 2011
- Chapter
The Embeddedness of Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding Variation across Local Communities
By: Christian Seelos, Johanna Mair, Julie Battilana and M. Tina Dacin
Social enterprise organizations (SEOs) arise from entrepreneurial activities with the aim to achieve social goals. SEOs have been identified as alternative and/or complementary to the actions of governments and international organizations to address poverty and... View Details
Seelos, Christian, Johanna Mair, Julie Battilana, and M. Tina Dacin. "The Embeddedness of Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding Variation across Local Communities." In Communities and Organizations. Vol. 33, edited by Christopher Marquis, Michael Lounsbury, and Royston Greenwood, 333–363. Research in the Sociology of Organizations. Emerald Group Publishing, 2011.