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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (396)
      • Faculty Publications  (47)

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      • March 2019
      • Article

      Open Source Software and Firm Productivity

      By: Frank Nagle
      As open source software (OSS) is increasingly used as a key input by firms, understanding its impact on productivity becomes critical. This study measures the firm-level productivity impact of nonpecuniary (free) OSS and finds a positive and significant value-added... View Details
      Keywords: Applications and Software; Open Source Distribution; Performance Productivity; Information Technology; Strategy
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      Nagle, Frank. "Open Source Software and Firm Productivity." Management Science 65, no. 3 (March 2019): 1191–1215.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century

      By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
      This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the 20th century. We use three new datasets: a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920; a dataset of the employment, location, and patents of firms... View Details
      Keywords: Taxation; Innovation and Invention; History; United States
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      Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas, and Stefanie Stantcheva. "Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24982, September 2018. (Forthcoming in Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
      • July–August 2018
      • Article

      Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods

      By: Frank Nagle
      As the economy becomes more information based, firms are increasingly using crowdsourced public goods as inputs for innovation and production. Counterintuitively, some firms pay their employees to contribute to the creation of these goods, which can be used freely by... View Details
      Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Applications and Software; Competitive Strategy; Learning; Competitive Advantage
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      Nagle, Frank. "Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods." Organization Science 29, no. 4 (July–August 2018): 569–587.
      • February 2018
      • Article

      Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns

      By: William R. Kerr
      This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and... View Details
      Keywords: Exports; Comparative Advantage; Technological Transfer; Innovation; Networks; Patents; Residency; Technology Adoption; Trade; Research and Development; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." World Bank Economic Review 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 163–182.
      • Article

      How Did the Great Recession Affect Charitable Giving?

      By: Arthur C. Brooks
      A great deal of research has studied the effects of income and tax changes on charitable giving. However, little work has focused on how these relationships were affected by the Great Recession. This article estimates the tax and income effects using the 2009 Panel... View Details
      Keywords: Charitable Giving; Great Recession; Philanthropy; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Financial Crisis; Taxation; Policy
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      Brooks, Arthur C. "How Did the Great Recession Affect Charitable Giving?" Public Finance Review 46, no. 5 (September 2018): 715–742.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Trust and Democracy: Leader Turnover during Economic Crises

      By: Nathan Nunn, Nancy Qian and Jaya Y. Wen
      We study the relationship between interpersonal trust and political stability in democratic countries. Using a six-decade-long annual country-level panel dataset, we find that recessions are more likely to cause political turnover in countries with lower levels of... View Details
      Keywords: Interpersonal Trust; Recessions; Leader Turnover; Political Instability; Culture; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Trust; Political Elections
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      Nunn, Nathan, Nancy Qian, and Jaya Y. Wen. "Trust and Democracy: Leader Turnover during Economic Crises." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24187, January 2018. (Revised February 2023. Available also from VOX and in Kellogg Insight.)
      • November–December 2016
      • Article

      The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry

      By: Yongwook Paik and Feng Zhu
      Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of... View Details
      Keywords: Patent Wars; Patent Litigation; Intellectual Property (IP) Enforcement; Institutions; Patent Thicket; Smartphone; Patents; Corporate Strategy; Mobile Technology
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      Paik, Yongwook, and Feng Zhu. "The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry." Organization Science 27, no. 6 (November–December 2016): 1397–1416.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Market

      By: Feng Zhu
      Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of... View Details
      Keywords: Patent Wars; Patent Litigation; Intellectual Property (IP) Enforcement; Institutions; Smartphone; Patent Thicket; Digital Platforms; Patents; Lawsuits and Litigation; Globalized Markets and Industries; Business Strategy; Telecommunications Industry
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      Paik, Yongwook, and Feng Zhu. "The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Market." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-015, August 2013. (Revised March 2016.)
      • March–April 2016
      • Article

      Scrutiny, Norms, and Selective Disclosure: A Global Study of Greenwashing

      By: Christopher Marquis, Michael W. Toffel and Yanhua Zhou
      Under increased pressure to report environmental impacts, some firms selectively disclose relatively benign impacts, creating an impression of transparency while masking their true performance. We identify key company- and country-level factors that limit firms' use of... View Details
      Keywords: Disclosure Strategy; Disclosure; Environmental Performance; Environmental Strategy; Environment; Symbolic; Reporting; Corporate Disclosure; Integrated Corporate Reporting; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
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      Marquis, Christopher, Michael W. Toffel, and Yanhua Zhou. "Scrutiny, Norms, and Selective Disclosure: A Global Study of Greenwashing." Organization Science 27, no. 2 (March–April 2016): 483–504. (Formerly titled "When Do Firms Greenwash? Corporate Visibility, Civil Society Scrutiny, and Environmental Disclosure.")
      • December 2015
      • Article

      Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises

      By: Julie Battilana, Metin Sengul, Anne-Claire Pache and Jacob Model
      We examine the factors that influence the social performance of hybrid organizations that pursue a social mission, and sustain their operations through commercial activities, by studying work integration social enterprises (WISEs). We argue that social imprinting and... View Details
      Keywords: Hybrid Organizations; Social Enterprise; Social Entrepreneurship; Organizations; Performance Productivity
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      Battilana, Julie, Metin Sengul, Anne-Claire Pache, and Jacob Model. "Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises." Academy of Management Journal 58, no. 6 (December 2015): 1658–1685.
      • November 2014
      • Article

      Government Green Procurement Spillovers: Evidence from Municipal Building Policies in California

      By: Timothy Simcoe and Michael W. Toffel
      We study how government green procurement policies influence private-sector demand for similar products. Specifically, we measure the impact of municipal policies requiring governments to construct green buildings on private-sector adoption of the U.S. Green Building... View Details
      Keywords: Public Procurement; Green Building; Quality Certification; Environmental Policy; Buildings and Facilities; Environmental Sustainability; Policy; Government and Politics; Green Technology Industry; Public Administration Industry; California
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      Simcoe, Timothy, and Michael W. Toffel. "Government Green Procurement Spillovers: Evidence from Municipal Building Policies in California." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 68, no. 3 (November 2014): 411–434. (Lead article.)
      • November 2014
      • Article

      The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying

      By: William R. Kerr, William F. Lincoln and Prachi Mishra
      We study the determinants of the dynamics of firm lobbying behavior using a panel data set covering 1998–2006. Our data exhibit three striking facts: (i) few firms lobby, (ii) lobbying status is strongly associated with firm size, and (iii) lobbying status is highly... View Details
      Keywords: Lobbying; Political Economy; H-1B; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Policy; Immigration
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      Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 6, no. 4 (November 2014): 343–379.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns

      By: William R. Kerr
      This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and... View Details
      Keywords: Exports; Comparative Advantage; Technological Transfer; Innovation; Networks; Patents; Residency; Technology Adoption; Trade; Research and Development; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-039, November 2013. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 19657, November 2013.)
      • March 2013
      • Article

      Bridging the Gap? Government Subsidized Lending and Access to Capital

      By: Josh Lerner and Kristle Romero-Cortes
      The consequences of providing public funds to financial institutions remain controversial. We examine the Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI) Fund's impact on credit union activity, using hitherto little studied U.S. Treasury data. The CDFI Fund grants... View Details
      Keywords: Financing and Loans; Credit; Government and Politics; Financial Institutions; United States
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      Lerner, Josh, and Kristle Romero-Cortes. "Bridging the Gap? Government Subsidized Lending and Access to Capital." Review of Corporate Finance Studies 2, no. 1 (March 2013): 98–128.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying

      By: William R. Kerr, William F. Lincoln and Prachi Mishra
      We study the determinants of the dynamics of firm lobbying behavior using a panel data set covering 1998–2006. Our data exhibit three striking facts: (i) few firms lobby, (ii) lobbying status is strongly associated with firm size, and (iii) lobbying status is highly... View Details
      Keywords: Lobbying; Political Economy; H-1B; Business Ventures; Policy; Government Legislation; Immigration; Business and Government Relations; Research; Prejudice and Bias
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      Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-034, October 2011. (Revised August 2013.)
      • December 2010
      • Article

      Happiness Adaptation to Income and to Status in an Individual Panel

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We study adaptation to income and to status using individual panel data on the happiness of 7,812 people living in Germany from 1984 to 2000. Specifically, we estimate a "happiness equation" defined over several lags of income and status and compare the long-run... View Details
      Keywords: Wages; Status and Position; Happiness; Income; Change; Germany
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Happiness Adaptation to Income and to Status in an Individual Panel." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 76, no. 3 (December 2010): 834–852.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Happiness Adaptation to Income beyond 'Basic Needs'

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We test for whether, once "basic needs" are satisfied, there is happiness adaptation to further gains in income using three data sets. Individual German Panel Data from 1985 to 2000, and data on the well-being of over 600,000 people in a panel of European countries... View Details
      Keywords: Wealth and Poverty; Happiness; Human Needs; Income; Adaptation; Economic Growth
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Happiness Adaptation to Income beyond 'Basic Needs'." Chap. 8 in International Differences in Well-Being, edited by Ed Diener, John Helliwell, and Daniel Kahneman, 217–247. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
      • October 2009
      • Article

      Managing Risk in the New World

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Anette Mikes, Robert Simons, Peter Tufano and Michael Hofmann Jr.
      Five experts gathered recently to discuss the future of enterprise risk management: Kaplan, the Baker Foundation Professor at Harvard Business School, who with his colleague David Norton developed the balanced scorecard; Mikes, an assistant professor at HBS who studies... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Financial Crisis; Capital Structure; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Risk Management
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Anette Mikes, Robert Simons, Peter Tufano, and Michael Hofmann Jr. "Managing Risk in the New World." Harvard Business Review 87, no. 10 (October 2009): 68–75.
      • June 2009
      • Article

      Highbrow Films Gather Dust: Time-inconsistent Preferences and Online DVD Rentals

      By: Katherine L. Milkman, Todd Rogers and Max H. Bazerman
      We report on a field study demonstrating systematic differences between the preferences people anticipate they will have over a series of options in the future and their subsequent revealed preferences over those options. Using a novel panel data set, we analyze the... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Forecasting and Prediction; Film Entertainment; Demand and Consumers; Renting or Rental; Power and Influence; Prejudice and Bias; Online Technology; Motion Pictures and Video Industry
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      Milkman, Katherine L., Todd Rogers, and Max H. Bazerman. "Highbrow Films Gather Dust: Time-inconsistent Preferences and Online DVD Rentals." Management Science 55, no. 6 (June 2009): 1047–1059.
      • March 2009
      • Journal Article

      Does Individual Performance Affect Entrepreneurial Mobility? Empirical Evidence from the Financial Analysis Market

      By: Boris Groysberg, Ashish Nanda and M. Julia Prats
      Our paper contributes to the studies on the relationship between workers' human capital and their decision to become self-employed as well as their probability to survive as entrepreneurs. Analysis from a panel data set of research analysts in investment banks over... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Investment Banking; Retention; Human Capital; Performance Effectiveness; Banking Industry
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      Groysberg, Boris, Ashish Nanda, and M. Julia Prats. "Does Individual Performance Affect Entrepreneurial Mobility? Empirical Evidence from the Financial Analysis Market." Journal of Financial Transformation 25 (March 2009): 95–106.
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