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All HBS Web
(3,731)
- Faculty Publications (471)
- March 2024 (Revised April 2024)
- Case
Angel City Football Club: Scoring a New Model
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Jennifer Fonstad and Nicole Tempest Keller
In January 2024, Kara Nortman, Julie Uhrman, and Natalie Portman, the founders of Angel City Football Club (ACFC) were developing the club’s first three-year strategic plan. Founded in 2020, ACFC had a star-studded investor group, including Portman and celebrities such...
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Keywords:
Sports;
Entertainment;
Entrepreneurship;
Brands and Branding;
Venture Capital;
Business Model;
Corporate Strategy;
Digital Marketing;
Sports Industry;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
United States;
California;
Los Angeles
Rayport, Jeffrey F., Jennifer Fonstad, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Angel City Football Club: Scoring a New Model." Harvard Business School Case 824-192, March 2024. (Revised April 2024.)
- February 2024 (Revised July 2024)
- Case
Taffi: Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia
By: Paul A. Gompers and Fares Khrais
Taffi was a tech-enabled fashion styling startup founded by Shahad Geoffrey in Saudi Arabia in 2020. Within three years of operating, Geoffrey had pivoted the business multiple times. In 2023, Geoffrey was attempting the business’s most ambitious pivot yet, shifting...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Disruption;
Entrepreneurship;
Venture Capital;
Investment;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Business Strategy;
AI and Machine Learning;
Fashion Industry;
Technology Industry;
Saudi Arabia;
Arabian Peninsula
Gompers, Paul A., and Fares Khrais. "Taffi: Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia." Harvard Business School Case 224-052, February 2024. (Revised July 2024.)
- February 2024
- Teaching Note
TimeCredit
By: Emanuele Colonnelli, Raymond Kluender and Shai Benjamin Bernstein
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 824-139. TimeCredit is an artificial intelligence (AI) startup that is developing large language models (LLMs) to generate accounting memos. The case follows Ndonga Sagnia, a Gambian Harvard Business School MBA student with an accounting...
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- February 2024 (Revised September 2024)
- Case
TimeCredit
By: Emanuele Colonnelli, Raymond Kluender and Shai Benjamin Bernstein
TimeCredit is an artificial intelligence (AI) startup that is developing large language models (LLMs) to generate accounting memos. The case follows Ndonga Sagnia, a Gambian Harvard Business School MBA student with an accounting background, as she decides how much...
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Keywords:
Accounting;
Business Startups;
Entrepreneurship;
Financing and Loans;
AI and Machine Learning;
Entrepreneurial Finance;
Identity;
Technology Industry
Colonnelli, Emanuele, Raymond Kluender, and Shai Benjamin Bernstein. "TimeCredit." Harvard Business School Case 824-139, February 2024. (Revised September 2024.)
- February 2024 (Revised June 2024)
- Case
Can Families Conquer Private Equity? Pritzker Private Capital
By: Lauren Cohen and Sophia Pan
Anthony (Tony) Pritkzer, Paul Carbone, and the Pritzker Private Capital (PPC) team wondered how to approach the firm’s next phase of growth. PPC was a private equity firm that offered a differentiated approach to the family capital market. Back in 2016, the partners...
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Keywords:
Family Office;
External Financing;
Succession;
Leadership Transition;
Family Business;
Private Equity;
Investment;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Strategy;
Investment Portfolio;
Business Model;
Private Sector;
Financial Liquidity;
Risk Management;
Organizational Structure;
Competitive Advantage;
Venture Capital;
Management Succession;
Financial Services Industry;
Chicago;
Illinois;
United States
Cohen, Lauren, and Sophia Pan. "Can Families Conquer Private Equity? Pritzker Private Capital." Harvard Business School Case 224-078, February 2024. (Revised June 2024.)
- February 2024
- Article
Representation and Extrapolation: Evidence from Clinical Trials
By: Marcella Alsan, Maya Durvasula, Harsh Gupta, Joshua Schwartzstein and Heidi L. Williams
This article examines the consequences and causes of low enrollment of Black patients in clinical
trials. We develop a simple model of similarity-based extrapolation that predicts that evidence is
more relevant for decision-making by physicians and patients when it...
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Keywords:
Representation;
Racial Disparity;
Health Testing and Trials;
Race;
Equality and Inequality;
Innovation and Invention;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Alsan, Marcella, Maya Durvasula, Harsh Gupta, Joshua Schwartzstein, and Heidi L. Williams. "Representation and Extrapolation: Evidence from Clinical Trials." Quarterly Journal of Economics 139, no. 1 (February 2024): 575–635.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Who Values Democracy?
By: Max Miller
This paper tests the conventional view that redistribution is central to the democratization process using data from stock markets. Consistent with this view, democratizations have a large, negative impact on asset valuations driven by a rise in redistribution risk....
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Keywords:
Government and Politics;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Financial Crisis;
Macroeconomics;
Financial Markets;
Valuation
Miller, Max. "Who Values Democracy?" Working Paper, February 2024. (Revise and Resubmit, Journal of Political Economy.)
- January 2024 (Revised May 2024)
- Case
Pioneer Natural Resources: Enhancing the Capital Return Strategy with Variable Dividends
In February 2021, Scott Sheffield, the CEO of Pioneer Natural Resources (an independent oil and gas company based in Texas), was considering the possibility of enhancing the firm’s capital return strategy by introducing a variable dividend tied to cash flows in...
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Keywords:
Corporate Finance;
Cash Flow;
Financial Management;
Financial Strategy;
Value Creation;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Investment Return;
Profit;
Policy;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Energy Industry;
United States;
North America;
Texas
Esty, Benjamin C., Elisabeth Kempf, and E. Scott Mayfield. "Pioneer Natural Resources: Enhancing the Capital Return Strategy with Variable Dividends." Harvard Business School Case 224-001, January 2024. (Revised May 2024.)
- January 2024
- Background Note
Evaluating Innovations in the Organization of Primary Care: What Type of Innovation Is It and How Well Does It Align with the Six Factors?
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and James Wallace
How can we evaluate if innovative health care ventures can do good—benefit society—and do well—become financially viable? This question is the topic of the first module in the Innovating in Health Care course book.
This note and "Health Stop (A): What Type... View Details
This note and "Health Stop (A): What Type... View Details
- January 2024
- Article
Population Interference in Panel Experiments
By: Kevin Wu Han, Guillaume Basse and Iavor Bojinov
The phenomenon of population interference, where a treatment assigned to one experimental unit affects another experimental unit’s outcome, has received considerable attention in standard randomized experiments. The complications produced by population interference in...
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Han, Kevin Wu, Guillaume Basse, and Iavor Bojinov. "Population Interference in Panel Experiments." Journal of Econometrics 238, no. 1 (January 2024).
- 2024
- Conference Paper
Quantifying Uncertainty in Natural Language Explanations of Large Language Models
By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Sree Harsha Tanneru and Chirag Agarwal
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as powerful tools for several
high-stakes natural language processing (NLP) applications. Recent prompting
works claim to elicit intermediate reasoning steps and key tokens that serve as
proxy explanations for LLM...
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Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Sree Harsha Tanneru, and Chirag Agarwal. "Quantifying Uncertainty in Natural Language Explanations of Large Language Models." Paper presented at the Society for Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, 2024.
- 2023
- Article
Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam—A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset
By: Junling Liu, Peilin Zhou, Yining Hua, Dading Chong, Zhongyu Tian, Andrew Liu, Helin Wang, Chenyu You, Zhenhua Guo, Lei Zhu and Michael Lingzhi Li
Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have transformed the field of question answering (QA). However, evaluating LLMs in the medical field is challenging due to the lack of standardized and comprehensive datasets. To address this gap, we introduce CMExam,...
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Keywords:
Large Language Model;
AI and Machine Learning;
Analytics and Data Science;
Health Industry
Liu, Junling, Peilin Zhou, Yining Hua, Dading Chong, Zhongyu Tian, Andrew Liu, Helin Wang, Chenyu You, Zhenhua Guo, Lei Zhu, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam—A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset." Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track 36 (2023).
- 2023
- Article
Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models
By: Satyapriya Krishna, Jiaqi Ma, Dylan Slack, Asma Ghandeharioun, Sameer Singh and Himabindu Lakkaraju
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in performing complex tasks. Moreover, recent research has shown that incorporating human-annotated rationales (e.g., Chain-of-Thought prompting) during in-context learning can significantly enhance...
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Krishna, Satyapriya, Jiaqi Ma, Dylan Slack, Asma Ghandeharioun, Sameer Singh, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2023).
- 2023
- Other Article
The Harvard USPTO Patent Dataset: A Large-Scale, Well-Structured, and Multi-Purpose Corpus of Patent Applications
By: Mirac Suzgun, Luke Melas-Kyriazi, Suproteem K. Sarkar, Scott Duke Kominers and Stuart Shieber
Innovation is a major driver of economic and social development, and information about many kinds of innovation is embedded in semi-structured data from patents and patent applications. Though the impact and novelty of innovations expressed in patent data are difficult...
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Keywords:
USPTO;
Natural Language Processing;
Classification;
Summarization;
Patent Novelty;
Patent Trolls;
Patent Enforceability;
Patents;
Innovation and Invention;
Intellectual Property;
AI and Machine Learning;
Analytics and Data Science
Suzgun, Mirac, Luke Melas-Kyriazi, Suproteem K. Sarkar, Scott Duke Kominers, and Stuart Shieber. "The Harvard USPTO Patent Dataset: A Large-Scale, Well-Structured, and Multi-Purpose Corpus of Patent Applications." Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track 36 (2023).
- December 2023
- Article
When Should the Off-Grid Sun Shine at Night? Optimum Renewable Generation and Energy Storage Investments
By: Christian Kaps, Simone Marinesi and Serguei Netessine
Globally, 1.5 billion people live off the grid, their only access to electricity often limited to operationally-expensive fossil fuel generators. Solar power has risen as a sustainable and less costly option, but its generation is variable during the day and...
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Kaps, Christian, Simone Marinesi, and Serguei Netessine. "When Should the Off-Grid Sun Shine at Night? Optimum Renewable Generation and Energy Storage Investments." Management Science 69, no. 12 (December 2023): 7633–7650.
- 2023
- Article
Which Models Have Perceptually-Aligned Gradients? An Explanation via Off-Manifold Robustness
By: Suraj Srinivas, Sebastian Bordt and Himabindu Lakkaraju
One of the remarkable properties of robust computer vision models is that their input-gradients are often aligned with human perception, referred to in the literature as perceptually-aligned gradients (PAGs). Despite only being trained for classification, PAGs cause...
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Srinivas, Suraj, Sebastian Bordt, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Which Models Have Perceptually-Aligned Gradients? An Explanation via Off-Manifold Robustness." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2023).
- November 2023
- Case
Open Source Machine Learning at Google
Set in early 2023, the case exposes students to the challenges of managing open source software at Google. The case focuses on the challenges for Alex Spinelli, Vice President of Product Management for Core Machine Learning. He must set priorities for Google’s efforts...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Technological Innovation;
Open Source Distribution;
Strategy;
AI and Machine Learning;
Applications and Software;
Technology Industry;
United States
Greenstein, Shane, Martin Wattenberg, Fernanda B. Viégas, Daniel Yue, and James Barnett. "Open Source Machine Learning at Google." Harvard Business School Case 624-015, November 2023.
- November 2023 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
Infarm: Betting the (Indoor) Farm on Food Security
By: Elie Ofek
In the summer of 2023, the co-founders of Infarm, a controlled environment agriculture (CEA) company, were contemplating a major pivot going forward. While Infarm had successfully shown it could grow over 75 products—mainly herbs, leafy greens and mushrooms—in modular...
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Keywords:
Plant-Based Agribusiness;
Business Model;
Market Entry and Exit;
Science-Based Business;
Business Strategy;
Transition;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Europe;
North America;
Toronto;
Northeastern United States
Ofek, Elie. "Infarm: Betting the (Indoor) Farm on Food Security." Harvard Business School Case 524-043, November 2023. (Revised March 2024.)
- November 2023 (Revised April 2024)
- Case
Khanmigo: Revolutionizing Learning with GenAI
By: William A. Sahlman, Allison M. Ciechanover and Emily Grandjean
Already a leader in the edtech space since its 2008 launch, Khan Academy was now one of the first edtech organizations to embrace generative artificial intelligence ("genAI"). In March 2023, Khan Academy began beta testing Khanmigo, a genAI “guide” and tutor built with...
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Keywords:
Technology Adoption;
Leading Change;
Entrepreneurship;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Education;
AI and Machine Learning;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Education Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
San Francisco
Sahlman, William A., Allison M. Ciechanover, and Emily Grandjean. "Khanmigo: Revolutionizing Learning with GenAI." Harvard Business School Case 824-059, November 2023. (Revised April 2024.)
- November–December 2023
- Article
Keep Your AI Projects on Track
By: Iavor Bojinov
AI—and especially its newest star, generative AI—is today a central theme in corporate boardrooms, leadership discussions, and casual exchanges among employees eager to supercharge their productivity. Sadly, beneath the aspirational headlines and tantalizing potential...
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Keywords:
Generative Models;
AI and Machine Learning;
Success;
Failure;
Product Development;
Technology Adoption
Bojinov, Iavor. "Keep Your AI Projects on Track." Harvard Business Review 101, no. 6 (November–December 2023): 53–59.