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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(5,476)
- People (3)
- News (1,387)
- Research (3,328)
- Events (46)
- Multimedia (58)
- Faculty Publications (2,339)
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- July 2025
- Case
The Future in Sight: LumineticsCore and the First Autonomous AI for Diagnostics
By: Michael Lingzhi Li and Tinglong Dai
After two decades of research, Dr. Michael Abramoff successfully launched LumineticsCore—the first autonomous AI system authorized by the FDA to diagnose diabetic retinopathy without physician oversight. The case traces his journey across algorithm design, clinical... View Details
- Forthcoming
- Article
Sending a Message: An Empirical Assessment of Responses to Punitive and Non-punitive Compliance Messaging Strategies
By: Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel, Elizabeth A. Keenan and Melissa Ouellet
Regulators operate in an increasingly hostile political environment. The U.S. Supreme Court is ramping up efforts to curtail the authority of administrative agencies. The second election of Donald Trump to the presidency has unleashed a torrent of anti-regulatory... View Details
Keywords: Field Experiment; Compliance; Compliance Programs; Compliance Policies; Regulatory Enforcement; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Policy; Government Experimentation; Governance Compliance; Government Administration; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business and Government Relations; Construction Industry; Public Administration Industry; California; United States
Short, Jodi L., Michael W. Toffel, Elizabeth A. Keenan, and Melissa Ouellet. "Sending a Message: An Empirical Assessment of Responses to Punitive and Non-punitive Compliance Messaging Strategies." Ecology Law Quarterly (forthcoming).
- October 2014 (Revised June 2016)
- Case
Barclays Bank, 2008
By: Lucy White, Steve Burn-Murdoch and Jerome Lenhardt
In the midst of the financial crisis, Barclays (the world's 4th largest bank by assets) is forced by UK regulators to raise more capital. Should it take up the UK government's offer to invest, or take funding from investors from the Middle East? Students may price the... View Details
Keywords: Government And Business; Option Contract; Corporate Finance; Bank Capital; Bank Regulation; Finance; Banking Industry; Europe; North and Central America
White, Lucy, Steve Burn-Murdoch, and Jerome Lenhardt. "Barclays Bank, 2008." Harvard Business School Case 215-027, October 2014. (Revised June 2016.)
- 2016
- Article
The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence, and Exceptions
By: Lyra J. Colfer and Carliss Y. Baldwin
The mirroring hypothesis predicts that organizational ties within a project, firm, or group of firms (e.g., communication, collocation, employment) will correspond to the technical dependencies in the work being performed. This article presents a unified picture of... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Mirroring Hypothesis; Organization Design; Conway's Law; Knowledge Boundaries; Relational Contracts; Open Source Software; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Boundaries; Knowledge Management; Applications and Software
Colfer, Lyra J., and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence, and Exceptions." Industrial and Corporate Change 25, no. 5 (2016): 709–738. (Lead Article.)
- 04 Jun 2019
- Working Paper Summaries
Political Influence and Merger Antitrust Reviews
- May 2014
- Supplement
Barclays Bank, 2008 - courseware
By: Lucy White
In the midst of the financial crisis, Barclays (the world's 4th largest bank by assets) is forced by UK regulators to raise more capital. Should it take up the UK government's offer to invest, or take funding from investors from the Middle East? Students may price the... View Details
- October 2021
- Article
Can Self-Regulation Save Digital Platforms?
By: Michael A. Cusumano, Annabelle Gawer and David B. Yoffie
This article explores some of the critical challenges facing self-regulation and the regulatory environment for digital platforms. We examine several historical examples of firms and industries that attempted self-regulation before the Internet. All dealt with similar... View Details
Keywords: Self-regulation; Government Regulation; Digital Platforms; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Cusumano, Michael A., Annabelle Gawer, and David B. Yoffie. "Can Self-Regulation Save Digital Platforms?" Industrial and Corporate Change 30, no. 5 (October 2021): 1259–1285.
- 1980
- Book
Environmental Politics and the Coal Coalition
By: Richard Vietor
Vietor, Richard. Environmental Politics and the Coal Coalition. Texas A&M University Press, 1980.
- September 2015
- Technical Note
The On-Demand Economy
By: Cynthia A. Montgomery, James Weber and Elizabeth Anne Watkins
This note describes the emerging on-demand economy, also referred to as the sharing economy. The note highlights several companies including Uber and Airbnb that exemplify this new mode of competition, a model that threatens to disrupt traditional firms. Uber provides... View Details
Keywords: Regulation; Reform; Disruption; Disruptive Innovation; Strategy; Technological Innovation; Labor; Employment; Working Conditions; Human Capital; Rights; Organizational Design; Social and Collaborative Networks; Service Industry
Montgomery, Cynthia A., James Weber, and Elizabeth Anne Watkins. "The On-Demand Economy." Harvard Business School Technical Note 716-405, September 2015.
- September 2013
- Case
Homestrings, Inc.: Diaspora-Based Financing and the Crowd Funding of Development
By: William R. Kerr and Alexis Brownell
Homestrings is an online investment platform for overseas diasporas to link financially with their home countries. The founder believes crowd-funding can become a pillar for development, but U.S. regulatory hurdles and resources constraints are substantial. The company... View Details
Keywords: Diasporas; Investments; Regulations; Africa; Crowd-funding; Development Finance; Entrepreneurship; Business Growth and Maturation; Financial Services Industry; Africa; United States
Kerr, William R., and Alexis Brownell. "Homestrings, Inc.: Diaspora-Based Financing and the Crowd Funding of Development." Harvard Business School Case 814-031, September 2013.
- March 2019
- Article
Antitrust as Speech Control
By: Hillary Greene and Dennis Yao
Antitrust law, at times, dictates who, when, and about what people can and cannot speak. It would seem then that the First Amendment might have something to say about those constraints. And it does, though perhaps less directly and to a lesser degree than one might... View Details
Greene, Hillary, and Dennis Yao. "Antitrust as Speech Control." William & Mary Law Review 60, no. 4 (March 2019): 1215–1267.
- January 2021 (Revised August 2021)
- Case
ByteDance: TikTok and the Trials of Going Viral
By: William C. Kirby and John P. McHugh
In 2020, TikTok became the most valuable start-up ever. The short-form, video-sharing social media platform emerged as the crown jewel of the Chinese technology firm ByteDance, realizing 850 million monthly users and an estimated worth of $180 billion. However, a... View Details
Keywords: China; Technology; Startup; Start-up; International Strategy; Global Strategy And Leadership; Innovation; Political Risk; Regulations; Trump; Foreign Policy; Foreign Investment; Chinese Internet Market; Global Strategy; Crisis Management; Risk and Uncertainty; Entrepreneurship; Globalized Economies and Regions; Government Legislation; Innovation and Management; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Internet and the Web; Social Media; Technology Industry; China; United States
Kirby, William C., and John P. McHugh. "ByteDance: TikTok and the Trials of Going Viral." Harvard Business School Case 321-110, January 2021. (Revised August 2021.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Golden Opportunity? Voluntary Sustainability Standards for Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
By: Kristin Sippl
While much is known about voluntary sustainability standards' contributions to certain issues in certain sectors, less is known about their contributions to the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper helps balance the... View Details
Keywords: Sustainability Standards; Gold; Certification; Eco-labeling; International Law; Extractive Industries; Fair Trade; United Nations; Sustainable Development; Environmental Sustainability; Standards; Adoption; Governance; Global Range; Luxury; Mining Industry
Sippl, Kristin. "Golden Opportunity? Voluntary Sustainability Standards for Artisanal Mining and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-024, September 2018. (Revised April 2019. Revise and Resubmit.)
- November 2012 (Revised January 2013)
- Case
Companion Diagnostics: Uncertainties for Approval and Reimbursement
By: Richard G. Hamermesh, Norman C. Selby and Phillip Andrews
The FDA approvals of novel therapeutics were seen as signs in the personalized medicine community of real progress in the growth of personalized medicine. The FDA's approval of such drugs, along with companion diagnostics, suggested a shift in thinking and regulatory... View Details
Keywords: Models Of Reimbursement; Personalized Medicine; Regulation; Healthcare Reform; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry; United States
Hamermesh, Richard G., Norman C. Selby, and Phillip Andrews. "Companion Diagnostics: Uncertainties for Approval and Reimbursement." Harvard Business School Case 813-037, November 2012. (Revised January 2013.)
- January 2022
- Article
Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry
By: Young Hou and Dennis Yao
This paper exploits a natural experiment involving self-regulation in the ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate the performance impact of product repositioning. It then examines how a product's brand equity value declines with repositioning distance... View Details
Keywords: Positioning; Resources; Brand Equity; Competitive Dynamics; Non-market Strategy; Regulation; Repositioning; Product Positioning; Performance Evaluation; Brands and Branding; Competitive Strategy; Consumer Products Industry
Hou, Young, and Dennis Yao. "Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry." Strategic Management Journal 43, no. 1 (January 2022): 3–29.
- November 2012 (Revised September 2013)
- Case
Barclays Bank, 2008
By: Lucy White, Steve Burn-Murdoch and Jerome Lenhardt
In the midst of the financial crisis, Barclays (the world's 4th largest bank by assets) is forced by UK regulators to raise more capital. Should it take up the UK government's offer to invest, or take funding from investors from the Middle East? Students may price the... View Details
Keywords: Government And Business; Option Contract; Corporate Finance; Bank Capital; Bank Regulation; Finance; Banking Industry; Europe; North and Central America
White, Lucy, Steve Burn-Murdoch, and Jerome Lenhardt. "Barclays Bank, 2008." Harvard Business School Case 213-073, November 2012. (Revised September 2013.)
- September 2014 (Revised November 2014)
- Case
Marketing Marijuana in Colorado
By: John A. Quelch and David Lane
Colorado's 2014 legalization of marijuana for adult recreational (not just medical) use created a new market that entrepreneurs rushed to enter, channeled by regulations that aimed to minimize marijuana's access to minors while not stifling the emergent new industry.... View Details
Keywords: Public Health; Regulation; Marijuana; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Public Sector; Entrepreneurship; Health Care and Treatment; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Colorado
Quelch, John A., and David Lane. "Marketing Marijuana in Colorado." Harvard Business School Case 515-009, September 2014. (Revised November 2014.)
- 08 May 2020
- Working Paper Summaries
Corporate Environmental Impact: Measurement, Data and Information
- October 2023
- Article
Improving Regulatory Effectiveness Through Better Targeting: Evidence from OSHA
By: Matthew S. Johnson, David I. Levine and Michael W. Toffel
We study how a regulator can best target inspections. Our case study is a U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) program that randomly allocated some inspections. On average, each inspection averted 2.4 serious injuries (9%) over the next five years.... View Details
Keywords: Safety Regulations; Regulations; Regulatory Enforcement; Machine Learning Models; Safety; Operations; Service Operations; Production; Forecasting and Prediction; Decisions; United States
Johnson, Matthew S., David I. Levine, and Michael W. Toffel. "Improving Regulatory Effectiveness Through Better Targeting: Evidence from OSHA." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 15, no. 4 (October 2023): 30–67. (Profiled in the Regulatory Review.)
- January 2022
- Article
Global Behaviors, Perceptions, and the Emergence of Social Norms at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic
By: Lukas Hensel, Marc Witte, Stefano Caria, Thiemo Fetzer, Stefano Fiorin, Friedrich M. Goetz, Margarita Gomez, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Erez Yoeli and Jon M. Jachimowicz
We conducted a large-scale survey covering 58 countries and over 100,000 respondents between late March and early April 2020 to study beliefs and attitudes towards citizens' and governments' responses at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents reported... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19; Government Regulation; Social Norms; Health Pandemics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Behavior; Perception; Global Range; Surveys
Hensel, Lukas, Marc Witte, Stefano Caria, Thiemo Fetzer, Stefano Fiorin, Friedrich M. Goetz, Margarita Gomez, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Erez Yoeli, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "Global Behaviors, Perceptions, and the Emergence of Social Norms at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 193 (January 2022): 473–496.