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- All HBS Web (1,787)
- Faculty Publications (540)
- December 2022
- Case
Mission Produce in 2022
By: Forest Reinhardt, Jose B. Alvarez and Natalie Kindred
Founded by CEO Steve Barnard in 1983, California-based Mission Produce was a leading supplier of Hass avocados with a global sourcing, marketing, and distribution network and $892 million in 2021 sales. Barnard had been influential in the global avocado trade’s... View Details
Keywords: Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; California; Peru; Guatemala; Colombia; Mexico; Chile
Reinhardt, Forest, Jose B. Alvarez, and Natalie Kindred. "Mission Produce in 2022." Harvard Business School Case 723-026, December 2022.
- 22 May 2007
- First Look
First Look: May 22, 2007
J. Gomes, Laurence J. Kotlikoff, and Luis M. Viceira Abstract Governments are known for procrastinating when it comes to resolving painful policy problems. Whatever the political motives for waiting to decide, procrastination distorts economic decisions View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- August 2022 (Revised June 2024)
- Exercise
How Should Netflix Add an Ad-Supported Tier?
By: Elie Ofek and Olivier Toubia
In the summer of 2022, it became clear that Netflix would introduce an ad-supported tier alongside its existing subscription plans in the near future. Speculation abounded as to the details of the new tier: How many minutes of advertising would it include? What picture... View Details
Keywords: Pricing; Television Industry; Price; Marketing Strategy; Digital Platforms; Customer Value and Value Chain; Competitive Strategy; Customer Satisfaction; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
Ofek, Elie, and Olivier Toubia. "How Should Netflix Add an Ad-Supported Tier?" Harvard Business School Exercise 523-033, August 2022. (Revised June 2024.)
- April 1999 (Revised March 2002)
- Background Note
Aluminum Industry in 1994, The
After reaching all-time highs in excess of $2,500 per ton in 1988 and 1989, aluminum prices fall dramatically in the early 1990s as the former Soviet Union begins exporting far larger quantities of metal. By the beginning of 1994, the price has hit all-time lows (in... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Demand and Consumers; Price; Supply and Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Soviet Union
Corts, Kenneth S. "Aluminum Industry in 1994, The." Harvard Business School Background Note 799-129, April 1999. (Revised March 2002.)
- January 1990 (Revised September 1994)
- Case
Cray Research, Inc.: Preparing for the 1990s
By: Francis Aguilar
Describes the major changes Cray Research faced from 1985 (the time of the original case) to 1990. The dramatic decision to divide the company into two separate firms sets the stage for an analysis of the major strategic and organizational challenges facing senior... View Details
Keywords: Policy; Management Systems; Change Management; Technology Adoption; Business Units; Organizational Structure; Business Strategy; Management Teams; Growth and Development Strategy; Information Technology
Aguilar, Francis. "Cray Research, Inc.: Preparing for the 1990s." Harvard Business School Case 390-066, January 1990. (Revised September 1994.)
- 2019
- Chapter
The Consequences of Mandatory Corporate Sustainability Reporting
By: Ioannis Ioannou and George Serafeim
A key aspect of the governance process inside organizations and markets is the measurement and disclosure of important metrics and information. In this chapter, we examine the effect of sustainability disclosure regulations on firms’ disclosure practices and... View Details
Keywords: Mandatory Disclosure; Mandatory Reporting; Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility; Social Impact; Valuation; China; South Africa; Europe; Asia; Regulation; Corporate Disclosure; Integrated Corporate Reporting; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Corporate Governance; China; Denmark; Malaysia; South Africa
Ioannou, Ioannis, and George Serafeim. "The Consequences of Mandatory Corporate Sustainability Reporting." In The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Social Responsibility: Psychological and Organizational Perspectives, edited by Abagail McWilliams, Deborah E. Rupp, Donald S. Siegel, Günter K. Stahl, and David A. Waldman, 452–489. Oxford University Press, 2019.
- 2017
- Chapter
Upgrading Regional Competitiveness: What Role for Regional Governments?
By: Christian H.M. Ketels
The literature on the competitiveness of locations has traditionally focused on countries. Over the last decade, however, subnational regions have gained increasing attention both as a level of analysis and as a level for policy making. This chapter aims to explore... View Details
Keywords: Competitiveness; Regions; Economic Policy; Competition; Geographic Scope; Governance; Economy; Policy
Ketels, Christian H.M. "Upgrading Regional Competitiveness: What Role for Regional Governments?" Chap. 22 in Handbook of Regions and Competitiveness: Contemporary Theories and Perspectives on Economic Development, edited by Robert Huggins and Piers Thompson, 501–517. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017.
Tracking the Short-Run Price Impact of U.S. Tariffs
This paper examines the short-run impact of the 2025 U.S. tariffs on consumer prices using a unique integration of high-frequency retail pricing data, product-level country-of-origin information, and detailed tariff classifications. By linking daily prices from major... View Details
- 29 Oct 2014
- News
The Businessman Disrupting Organ Transplantation
- Research Summary
Inheriting Losers (with Li Jin)
New managers who take over mutual fund portfolios, typically
proceed to sell off inherited momentum losers. Relative to
continuing fund managers holding the same stocks, new managers
tend to reduce their holdings of losers at a higher rate than of
winners or stocks in... View Details
- Fourth Quarter 2017
- Article
Optimal Tilts: Combining Persistent Characteristic Portfolios
By: Malcolm Baker, Ryan Taliaferro and Terry Burnham
We examine the optimal weighting of four tilts in U.S. equity markets from 1968 through 2014. We define a “tilt” as a characteristic-based portfolio strategy that requires relatively low annual turnover. This is a continuum, with small size (a very persistent... View Details
Baker, Malcolm, Ryan Taliaferro, and Terry Burnham. "Optimal Tilts: Combining Persistent Characteristic Portfolios." Financial Analysts Journal 73, no. 4 (Fourth Quarter 2017): 75–89.
Are Carbon Tariffs Protectionism or Climate Policy?
Some argue that carbon tariffs — carbon costs imposed on imports entering an emission-regulated region — are simply protectionism being peddled as climate policy. Our results suggest otherwise. The implementation of a carbon tariff decreases global emissions... View Details
- 2009
- Working Paper
Why Do Countries Adopt International Financial Reporting Standards?
By: Karthik Ramanna and Ewa Sletten
In a sample of 102 non-European Union countries, we study variations in the decision to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). There is evidence that more powerful countries are less likely to adopt IFRS, consistent with more powerful countries being... View Details
Keywords: Financial Reporting; International Accounting; Globalized Economies and Regions; Network Effects; Standards; Adoption
Ramanna, Karthik, and Ewa Sletten. "Why Do Countries Adopt International Financial Reporting Standards?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-102, March 2009.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Tracking the Short-Run Price Impact of U.S. Tariffs
By: Alberto Cavallo, Paola Llamas and Franco Vazquez
This paper examines the short-run impact of the 2025 U.S. tariffs on consumer prices using a unique integration of high-frequency retail pricing data, product-level country-of-origin information, and detailed tariff classifications. By linking daily prices from major... View Details
Cavallo, Alberto, Paola Llamas, and Franco Vazquez. "Tracking the Short-Run Price Impact of U.S. Tariffs." Working Paper, April 2025.
- 01 Apr 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Opting Out of Good Governance
- 2009
- Working Paper
Gray Markets and Multinational Transfer Pricing
By: Romana L. Autrey and Francesco Bova
Gray markets arise when a manufacturer's products are sold outside of its authorized channels, for instance when goods designated for a foreign market are resold domestically. One method multinationals use to combat gray markets is to increase internal transfer prices... View Details
Keywords: Price; Multinational Firms and Management; Demand and Consumers; Distribution Channels; Business and Government Relations; Sales; Competitive Strategy
Autrey, Romana L., and Francesco Bova. "Gray Markets and Multinational Transfer Pricing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-098, February 2009. (Revised October 2009.)
- April 2013
- Teaching Plan
Barclays and the LIBOR Scandal
By: Clayton S. Rose and Aldo Sesia
In the summer of 2012, Barclays plc, one of the largest banks in the world, agreed to settle with authorities and acknowledged that the firm had manipulated LIBOR (London Inter-Bank Offered Rate)—a benchmark reference rate that was fundamental to the operation of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Systems; Financial Services; Corruption; Regulation; General Management; Management; Leadership; Economic Systems; Crime and Corruption; Ethics; Culture; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; United Kingdom
Rose, Clayton S., and Aldo Sesia. "Barclays and the LIBOR Scandal ." Harvard Business School Teaching Plan 313-108, April 2013.
- 09 Mar 2010
- First Look
First Look: March 9
run as a public utility. The Panamanian government, in contrast, has run the Canal as a for-profit corporation, increasing safety and decreasing costs along the way. Maurer and Yu's nuanced analysis of the... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- July 2019
- Article
Evaluation of Economic and Clinical Outcomes Under Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Mandatory Bundled Payments for Joint Replacements
By: Derek A. Haas, Xiaoran Zhang, Robert S. Kaplan and Zirui Song
In 2016, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) launched its first mandatory bundled payment program, the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model, by randomizing metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) into the payment model. The paper analyzed... View Details
Keywords: Medicare; Medicaid; Bundled Payments; Health Care and Treatment; Cost Management; Performance Evaluation; Outcome or Result
Haas, Derek A., Xiaoran Zhang, Robert S. Kaplan, and Zirui Song. "Evaluation of Economic and Clinical Outcomes Under Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Mandatory Bundled Payments for Joint Replacements." JAMA Internal Medicine 179, no. 7 (July 2019): 924–931.
- March 2003
- Background Note
A Short Note on the AccuFlow Excel Model
By: Jay O. Light
Describes an Excel spreadsheet workbook that facilitates the analysis of AccuFlow, Inc. View Details
Keywords: History; Analytics and Data Science; Cost of Capital; Negotiation; Capital; Business Model; Economic Systems; Machinery and Machining; Leveraged Buyouts; Business Startups; Equity
Light, Jay O. "A Short Note on the AccuFlow Excel Model." Harvard Business School Background Note 203-089, March 2003.