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- All HBS Web
(3,670)
- People (9)
- News (1,085)
- Research (2,253)
- Events (4)
- Multimedia (29)
- Faculty Publications (1,197)
- 2019
- Working Paper
U.S. Antitrust Law and Policy in Historical Perspective
By: Laura Phillips Sawyer
The key pieces of antitrust legislation in the United States—the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and the Clayton Act of 1914—contain broad language that has afforded the courts wide latitude in interpreting and enforcing the law. This article chronicles the judiciary’s... View Details
Keywords: Antitrust; Trusts; Restraint Of Trade; Merger; Cartel; New Deal; Harvard School; Chicago School Of Law And Economics; Post-Chicago; Law; Competition; Policy; Vertical Integration; Horizontal Integration; Acquisition
Phillips Sawyer, Laura. "U.S. Antitrust Law and Policy in Historical Perspective." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-110, May 2019. (Revised September 2019.)
- February 2018 (Revised June 2019)
- Case
Jaguar Capital S.A.S., Take the Money and Run?
By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Sayiddah Fatima McCree
In January 2014, Tomas Uribe and Rodrigo Sanchez-Rios of Jaguar Capital S.A.S. (Jaguar or Jaguar Capital), were considering an offer from White Stone, the world’s largest private equity real estate investor. Jaguar Capital needed capital to fund its investment thesis,... View Details
Keywords: Real Estate; Investing; Private Equity Financing; Deal Structuring; Emerging Market; Emerging Economies; Emerging Market Finance; International Entrepreneurship; Finance; Entrepreneurship; Agreements and Arrangements; Emerging Markets; Real Estate Industry; Retail Industry; Financial Services Industry; Colombia; Latin America; United States
Lietz, Nori Gerardo, and Sayiddah Fatima McCree. "Jaguar Capital S.A.S., Take the Money and Run?" Harvard Business School Case 218-078, February 2018. (Revised June 2019.)
- September 2018
- Case
Advent International: Kroton Investment
By: Victoria Ivashina, Ruth Kostas and Priscilla Zogbi
Keywords: Private Equity; Acquisition; IPO; Valuation; Education; Distance Learning; Turnaround; Growth; Exit; PE; Buyer; Middle-class; Low Income; K-12; Entrepreneur; Family Business; University; College; Consolidation; Fragmentation; Penetration; Value; Shares; Control; Negotiation; Equity; Transaction; Board; Majority; Minority; Post-secondary; Leverage; Campus; Deal; Shareholder; Tag Along; Brazil; Latin America
Ivashina, Victoria, Ruth Kostas, and Priscilla Zogbi. "Advent International: Kroton Investment." Harvard Business School Case 219-035, September 2018.
- October 2007 (Revised February 2008)
- Background Note
Evaluating M&A Deals: Accretion vs. Dilution of Earnings-per-share
When discussing the pros and cons of an acquisition, practitioners often talk about the impact of the deal on the buyer's earnings-per-share (eps). An acquisition is said to be "accretive" if the buyer's eps goes up post-deal; it is "dilutive" if the buyer's eps goes... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Evaluating M&A Deals: Accretion vs. Dilution of Earnings-per-share." Harvard Business School Background Note 208-059, October 2007. (Revised February 2008.)
- Working Paper
How Do Venture Capitalists Make Decisions?
By: Paul A. Gompers, William Gornall, Steven N. Kaplan and Ilya A. Strebulaev
We survey 885 institutional venture capitalists (VCs) at 681 firms to learn how they make decisions across eight areas: deal sourcing, investment selection, valuation, deal structure, post-investment value-added, exits, internal firm organization, and relationships... View Details
Gompers, Paul A., William Gornall, Steven N. Kaplan, and Ilya A. Strebulaev. "How Do Venture Capitalists Make Decisions?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 22587, September 2016.
- 02 Oct 2006
- Research & Ideas
Negotiating in Three Dimensions
Tactics, deal design, and set-up are three crucial components of the most effective negotiations. Yet many negotiators focus only on the tactical part, running the risk of undermining their own best interests. How can you negotiate more... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
- 30 Sep 2002
- Research & Ideas
Your Crisis Response Plan: The Ten Effective Elements
Organizations inevitably face crises, but few are well prepared to deal with them. The following elements summarize the findings of research and experience about what it takes to respond effectively in crisis situations. The accompanying... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Watkins
- 30 May 2005
- Research & Ideas
Six Steps for Making Your Threat Credible
might invite your biggest competitor to follow suit, instigating a costly bidding war. If you lost the war, your company would almost certainly take a hit in the stock market. Even if you won, the bidding war may have driven the price so high that the View Details
Keywords: by Deepak Malhotra
- July 2022 (Revised January 2025)
- Case
Call of Fiduciary Duty: Microsoft Acquires Activision Blizzard
By: Jonas Heese, Joseph Pacelli and James Barnett
In January 2022, Microsoft announces its acquisition of the video game company Activision Blizzard, in a deal valued at $68.7 billion, which would make Microsoft the world’s third largest video game company. The deal came as Activision Blizzard faced gender pay... View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Goodwill Accounting; Analysis; Decision Making; Talent and Talent Management; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Ethics; Leadership; Risk and Uncertainty; Mergers and Acquisitions; Lawsuits and Litigation; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Video Game Industry; North America; California
Heese, Jonas, Joseph Pacelli, and James Barnett. "Call of Fiduciary Duty: Microsoft Acquires Activision Blizzard." Harvard Business School Case 123-011, July 2022. (Revised January 2025.)
- October 1987 (Revised January 1989)
- Background Note
Purchasing a Business: The Search Process
Describes the steps necessary to purchase a small to medium size company. Provides an eight-part analytical framework. Issues covered in the framework include the following: the self-assessment, deal criteria, deal sources, resources necessary to purchase a business,... View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Framework; Resource Allocation; Negotiation Deal; Business Processes; Valuation
Roberts, Michael J. "Purchasing a Business: The Search Process." Harvard Business School Background Note 388-044, October 1987. (Revised January 1989.)
- 02 Apr 2021
- Research & Ideas
Salary Negotiations: A Catch-22 for Women
The higher a woman rises through a company’s ranks, the more backlash she faces if she negotiates her salary assertively—a phenomenon that contributes to the wide gender gap in the C-suite, new research suggests. By analyzing data from more than 2,500 negotiators,... View Details
Keywords: by Kristen Senz
- October 1993 (Revised March 2023)
- Case
Conflict on a Trading Floor (A)
By: Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. and Jerry Useem
A junior salesperson on FirstAmerica Bank's trading floor is assisting a top salesperson, Linda, on a deal to finance the construction of a new cruise ship for Poseidon Cruise Lines. While the terms of the deal are being worked out, he realizes Linda has taken... View Details
Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr., and Jerry Useem. "Conflict on a Trading Floor (A)." Harvard Business School Case 394-060, October 1993. (Revised March 2023.)
- October 2007 (Revised November 2010)
- Module Note
Evaluating M&A Deals-Equity Consideration
What the acquiring company pays for a target in a merger or acquisition is called "consideration." Consideration can be in the form of cash, shares, or a combination of the two. Lays out the basic mechanics of equity consideration. Derives formulas for the Deal NPV of... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Evaluating M&A Deals-Equity Consideration." Harvard Business School Module Note 208-077, October 2007. (Revised November 2010.)
- August 1997 (Revised November 1998)
- Case
Cambridge Technology Partners - 1991 Start Up
By: Paul A. Gompers and Catherine M. Conneely
Jim Sims tries to close the deal to create Cambridge Technology Partners (CTP) in a spin-out from a troubled technology consulting firm. The deal looks tenuous. View Details
Keywords: Business Startups; Negotiation Deal; Information Technology; Organizations; Information Technology Industry; Consulting Industry; Cambridge
Gompers, Paul A., and Catherine M. Conneely. "Cambridge Technology Partners - 1991 Start Up." Harvard Business School Case 298-044, August 1997. (Revised November 1998.)
- August 2018 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
The Fuji-Xerox Merger
By: Guhan Subramanian and Annie Zhao
In January 2018, Xerox, a well-known American digital document firm, convened its board of directors to decide whether to approve a merger with Japanese imaging company Fujifilm. Activist Xerox shareholders were suing to halt the transaction, and documents unearthed... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Negotiation Deal; Negotiation Process; Corporate Governance; Law
Subramanian, Guhan, and Annie Zhao. "The Fuji-Xerox Merger." Harvard Business School Case 919-002, August 2018. (Revised April 2021.)
- February 2016
- Case
Hon Hai's Investment in Sharp
By: Mihir A. Desai, Keith Chi-ho Wong and Zachary Markovich
In March 2012, Hon Hai Precision Industry Company, Ltd. (Hon Hai) announced its investment in the Sharp Corporation (Sharp). The deal was structured in two parts: the first had Hon Hai investing in Sharp, and the second involved Hon Hai founder, chairman, and CEO Terry... View Details
Keywords: Hon Hai; Sharp; LCD-TFT; East Asia; Net Present Value; Acquisitions; Valuation; Negotiation Deal; Acquisition; East Asia
Desai, Mihir A., Keith Chi-ho Wong, and Zachary Markovich. "Hon Hai's Investment in Sharp." Harvard Business School Case 216-035, February 2016.
- 26 Oct 2022
- Research & Ideas
How Paid Promos Take the Shine Off YouTube Stars (and Tips for Better Influencer Marketing)
YouTube influencers amass followers by filming everything from popping pimples to reviewing lipstick, with businesses watching closely for marketing opportunities. But audience loyalty only goes so far. When YouTubers post too many paid promotional videos, their... View Details
- December 15, 2015
- Article
Don't Turn Your Sales Team Loose Without a Strategy
By: Frank V. Cespedes and Steve Thompson
When formulating a strategy, markets and segments are typically important categories. But only customers buy. Hence, for most firms, de facto strategy and much resource allocation are the aggregate result of the deals their salespeople close. However, few firms clarify... View Details
Cespedes, Frank V., and Steve Thompson. "Don't Turn Your Sales Team Loose Without a Strategy." Harvard Business Review (website) (December 15, 2015).
- 13 Dec 2013
- News
Nicaragua In Thrall Of Ortega's Canal Dream
- April 1998 (Revised July 2005)
- Case
Acquisition of Consolidated Rail Corporation (A), The
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Lori A. Flees and Mathew M Millett
On October 15, 1996, Virginia-based CSX and Pennsylvania-based Consolidated Rail (Conrail), the first and third largest railroads in the eastern United States, announced their intent to merge in a friendly deal worth $8.3 billion. This deal was part of an industry-wide... View Details
Esty, Benjamin C., Lori A. Flees, and Mathew M Millett. "Acquisition of Consolidated Rail Corporation (A), The." Harvard Business School Case 298-006, April 1998. (Revised July 2005.)