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  • February 2023 (Revised March 2023)
  • Case

Twitter Turnaround and Elon Musk

By: Andy Wu and Goran Calic
Late afternoon on Friday, October 27th, 2022, Elon Musk was the center of attention at Twitter’s San Francisco headquarters. The night before, Musk officially took the company private and became Twitter’s majority shareholder, finally ending a months-long acquisition... View Details
Keywords: Elon Musk; Twitter; Acquisition; Revenue; Advertising; Social Media; Business or Company Management; Public Opinion; Job Cuts and Outsourcing
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  • Editorial

Elon Musk's Unusual Compensation Plan Isn't Really About Compensation at All

By: George Serafeim
Earlier this year, Tesla shareholders approved likely the largest compensation package ever awarded to a CEO—for a CEO who clearly doesn’t need the money. Elon Musk is already incredibly rich and also doesn’t seem particularly motivated by further wealth. So why do it?... View Details
Keywords: Tesla; Elon Musk; Innovation; Investor Communication; Investor Relations; Short-termism; Long-termism; Disruption; Executive Compensation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Communication Intention and Meaning; Mission and Purpose
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  • 08 Apr 2015
  • Working Paper Summaries

The Cooperative Solution of Stochastic Games

Keywords: by Elon Kohlberg & Abraham Neyman
  • 31 May 2020
  • Working Paper Summaries

Demystifying the Math of the Coronavirus

Keywords: by Elon Kohlberg and Abraham Neyman; Health
  • 03 Mar 2017
  • Working Paper Summaries

Cooperative Strategic Games

Keywords: by Elon Kohlberg and Abraham Neyman; Education
  • 19 Oct 2017
  • Working Paper Summaries

Games of Threats

Keywords: by Elon Kohlberg and Abraham Neyman; Education
  • October 2016
  • Case

Elon Musk: Balancing Purpose and Risk

By: Shikhar Ghosh and Sarah Mehta
The case is used to illustrate the place of ‘Purpose’ versus financial risk and returns in a founder’s objectives. It also addresses personal risk profile of different founders, and when paired with the Risk Tolerance Exercise, it enables evaluating one’s own appetite... View Details
Keywords: Electric Vehicle; Solar Power; Vision; Trade-offs; Leadership; Mission and Purpose; Risk and Uncertainty; Entrepreneurship; Failure; United States; North America
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  • 06 Aug 2021
  • Book

Steve Jobs and the Rise of the Celebrity CEO

and services inextricably linked to bosses with outsized personalities. Think Jeff Bezos of Amazon, Steve Jobs of Apple, and Elon Musk of Tesla. All these leaders have one thing in common: charisma—and in fact, today it’s a quality that... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman
  • Research Summary

The Equilibrium Concept in Game Theory

By: Elon Kohlberg
Elon Kohlberg is studying the foundations of the equilibrium concept in game theory, which is to the study of economic systems what the notion of "equilibrium of forces" is to the study of mechanical systems. Although much of economic theory can be viewed in... View Details
  • 29 Nov 2022
  • Research & Ideas

Is There a Method to Musk’s Madness on Twitter?

Since Elon Musk, the world’s richest man, purchased Twitter for $44 billion last month, the company has undergone a series of abrupt shifts. Some changes, like Musk’s firing of 50 percent of the firm’s 7,000 employees, were deliberate.... View Details
Keywords: by Christina Pazzanese, Harvard Gazette; Technology
  • June 1990 (Revised August 1995)
  • Case

RJR Nabisco--1990

By: Andre F. Perold
Describes the situation facing RJR Nabisco one year after the leveraged buyout by Kohlberg Kravis and Roberts. A vehicle for analyzing the financial restructuring of a highly leveraged, but operationally healthy, company. View Details
Keywords: Leveraged Buyouts; Restructuring; Financial Strategy; Problems and Challenges
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  • April 1991 (Revised July 1991)
  • Supplement

RJR Nabisco Board: Guardians of the Gate? (B)

By: Jay W. Lorsch
The special committee of the RJR Nabisco board has extended the bidding deadline for the company by 10 days. The case explains the process by which Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and the management group bid against one another for ownership of RJR Nabisco. The board of... View Details
Keywords: Leveraged Buyouts; Situation or Environment; Bids and Bidding; Decision Making; Managerial Roles; Governing and Advisory Boards; Management Teams; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
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  • 14 Feb 2023
  • Research & Ideas

When a Vacation Isn’t Enough, a Sabbatical Can Recharge Your Life—and Your Career

time when some companies are pushing employees to think of themselves as little more than a cog in a wheel. “Americans see business as very much like Elon Musk sleeping under his desk, not Steve Jobs learning calligraphy,” DiDonna says.... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
  • 02 Feb 2023
  • Research & Ideas

Why We Still Need Twitter: How Social Media Holds Companies Accountable

in monitoring companies. There could be severe negative consequences if Twitter were to cease operations.” Two days later, Chipotle said it would raise employee pay by about $2 per hour, with starting wages ranging from $11 to $18, to... View Details
Keywords: by Kasandra Brabaw; Technology
  • 06 Jun 2016
  • Research & Ideas

Skills and Behaviors that Make Entrepreneurs Successful

understanding of the entrepreneurial leader. The program combines self-assessments of their skills and behaviors by entrepreneurs themselves with evaluations of them by peers, friends, and employees. Along... View Details
Keywords: by HBS Working Knowledge
  • 09 May 2023
  • Research & Ideas

Where to Find Remote Work Now: 250 Million Job Postings Paint a Complex Picture

climbed more than three-fold in the United States. In Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, openings skyrocketed by at least a factor of five. That said, in Miami; Savannah, Georgia; and Memphis, job listings with one or... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
  • 07 Mar 2017
  • First Look

First Look at New Research, March 7

these dynamics has been constrained by fragmentation within relevant management research. In this paper, we clarify and describe two narratives that have emerged within past and current research on growth and the internal organization.... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 19 Dec 2023
  • Research & Ideas

15 Podcast Episodes That Grabbed Listeners in 2023

valuable commodity. Elon Musk's Twitter Takeover: Lessons in Strategic Change In October 2022, Elon Musk officially took Twitter private and became the company’s majority shareholder, finally ending a... View Details
Keywords: by Danielle Kost
  • 27 Jan 2023
  • Op-Ed

Have We Lost Sight of Integrity?

federal indictment. Tesla’s Elon Musk is facing trial for deceptively driving up the price of Tesla stock by falsely claiming to have the “funding secured” to take his company private. Theranos under... View Details
Keywords: by Bill George
  • 26 Sep 2024
  • HBS Case

If a Car Can Drive Itself, Can It Make Life-or-Death Decisions?

John Stuart Mill, philosophers have wrestled with the age-old questions autonomous vehicles are now raising—in new and urgent ways—for businesses and their leaders. “And by genuine ethical decisions, I mean decisions about the rights of... View Details
Keywords: by Tom Quinn; Auto; Technology

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