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      • Faculty Publications  (187)

      Value-based CareRemove Value-based Care →

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      • May 2025
      • Case

      Dell Med: Transforming Care Delivery & Payment

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, David N. Bernstein and Mary L. Witkowski
      Health care in the U.S. and globally continues to undergo massive transformation, surging towards a system that rewards value for patients. However, widespread adoption of value-based health care remains a challenge. This case study focuses on the care delivery... View Details
      Keywords: Integrated Practice Units; Outcomes Measurement; Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care and Treatment; Business Strategy; Leading Change; Decisions; Transformation; Service Delivery; Adoption; Value; Health Industry; United States; Texas
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      Kaplan, Robert S., David N. Bernstein, and Mary L. Witkowski. "Dell Med: Transforming Care Delivery & Payment." Harvard Business School Case 125-117, May 2025.
      • May 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Humana Commits to Value-Based Care

      By: V.G. Narayanan, Henry Eyring and David Lane
      In late 2023, CEO Bruce Broussard reviewed health insurer Humana’s transformation into a value-based care ecosystem. Under its CenterWell brand, the several millions of members in Humana Medicare Advantage plans now had access to Humana-provided primary care, home... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Units; Financing and Loans; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Service Operations; Mergers and Acquisitions; Insurance; Health Care and Treatment; Partners and Partnerships; Health Industry; Insurance Industry; United States
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      Narayanan, V.G., Henry Eyring, and David Lane. "Humana Commits to Value-Based Care." Harvard Business School Case 125-013, May 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • July 2024
      • Article

      Mass General Brigham’s Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System: A Decade of Learnings

      By: Jason B. Liu, Robert S. Kaplan, David W. Bates, Mario O. Edelen, Rachel C. Sisodia and Andrea L. Pusic
      This article describes the strategies that leaders at the Mass General Brigham (MGB) health system have used in launching a standardized patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) collection program in 2012, a major step in the value-based transformation of health care.... View Details
      Keywords: Patient-reported Outcomes; Value Based Health Care; Health Care and Treatment; Transformation; Outcome or Result; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance Improvement; Health Industry
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      Liu, Jason B., Robert S. Kaplan, David W. Bates, Mario O. Edelen, Rachel C. Sisodia, and Andrea L. Pusic. "Mass General Brigham’s Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System: A Decade of Learnings." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 5, no. 7 (July 2024).
      • June 2024
      • Article

      Enhancing Value and Well-Being: The Basket of Motivators Framework for Aligning Neurology Clinical Practices with Performance Outcomes

      By: Peter N. Hadar, Susanna Gallani and Lidia Moura
      Physician burnout, which is prevalent in neurology, has accelerated in recent years. While multifactorial, a major contributing factor to burnout is a payment model that rewards volume over quality, leaving physicians overburdened and unfulfilled. The aim of this... View Details
      Keywords: Compensation and Benefits; Personal Development and Career; Well-being; Motivation and Incentives
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      Hadar, Peter N., Susanna Gallani, and Lidia Moura. "Enhancing Value and Well-Being: The Basket of Motivators Framework for Aligning Neurology Clinical Practices with Performance Outcomes." Neurology: Clinical Practice 14, no. 1 (June 2024).
      • January 19, 2024
      • Article

      Value-Based Health Care Can Transform the Treatment of Patients with Substance Use Disorder

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Sarah E. Wakeman
      U.S. overdose deaths currently exceed 100,000 per year. New facilities, known as bridge clinics, are broadening access to high-quality care by offering outpatient substance use disorder (SUD) treatment with few access barriers. But many of the critical services offered... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Cost; Adoption
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Sarah E. Wakeman. "Value-Based Health Care Can Transform the Treatment of Patients with Substance Use Disorder." Health Affairs Forefront (January 19, 2024).
      • January 2024 (Revised April 2024)
      • Teaching Note

      Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care (A) & (B)

      By: Ariel D. Stern, Robert S. Huckman and Sarah Mehta
      This teaching note accompanies case no. 622-009 and 622-045 (Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care, A and B). View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Medical Specialties; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Management; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Health Industry; United States; Virginia
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      Stern, Ariel D., Robert S. Huckman, and Sarah Mehta. "Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care (A) & (B)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 624-013, January 2024. (Revised April 2024.)
      • December 2023 (Revised February 2024)
      • Case

      Transforming Healthcare Delivery at Karolinska University Hospital

      By: Susanna Gallani, Mary Witkowski, Elena Corsi and Nikolina Jonsson
      The case study examines the journey toward value-based healthcare at Karolinska University Hospital. The hospital's ambitious shift to a patient-centered care delivery model, accompanied by the construction of a new facility, encountered challenges such as high costs,... View Details
      Keywords: Change Management; Transformation; Transition; Business Organization; Communication Strategy; Information Infrastructure; Service Delivery; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Structure; Health Industry; Sweden; Europe
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      Gallani, Susanna, Mary Witkowski, Elena Corsi, and Nikolina Jonsson. "Transforming Healthcare Delivery at Karolinska University Hospital." Harvard Business School Case 124-070, December 2023. (Revised February 2024.)
      • October 2023
      • Article

      What Does the Inflation Reduction Act Mean for Patients and Physicians?

      By: Amitabh Chandra and Benedic Ippolito
      The debate around prescription drug measures in the recently passed U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which limit some patients’ out-of-pocket costs, has not fully addressed their effect on physicians and patients via their effect on payers. Reducing patients’ costs... View Details
      Keywords: Government Legislation; Price; Health Care and Treatment
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      Chandra, Amitabh, and Benedic Ippolito. "What Does the Inflation Reduction Act Mean for Patients and Physicians?" NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 4, no. 10 (October 2023).
      • August 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020

      By: Michael E. Porter, Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski and David N. Bernstein
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 724-373. View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Industry; Academic Medicine; Value-based Health Care; Value-based Healthcare; Health Care Delivery; Service Delivery; Transformation; Health Care and Treatment; Corporate Strategy; Leadership; Health Industry; Tennessee; United States
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      Porter, Michael E., Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski, and David N. Bernstein. "Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-374, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020

      By: Michael E. Porter, Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski and David N. Bernstein
      Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Industry; Academic Medicine; Value-based Health Care; Value-based Healthcare; Health Care Delivery; Service Delivery; Transformation; Health Care and Treatment; Corporate Strategy; Leadership; Health Industry; Tennessee; United States
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      Porter, Michael E., Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski, and David N. Bernstein. "Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020." Harvard Business School Case 724-373, August 2023.
      • December 2022
      • Article

      Cost Standard Set Program: Moving Forward to Standardization of Cost Assessment Based on Clinical Condition

      By: Anna Paula Beck da Silva Etges, Richard D. Urman, Anne Geubelle, Robert Kaplan and Carisi Anne Polanczyk
      This communication announces the International Cost Standard Set Program. Its goal is to establish global standardized frameworks for measuring the costs of treating specific clinical conditions. A scientific committee, including 16 international healthcare cost... View Details
      Keywords: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Value-based Health Care; Cost; Health Care and Treatment; Activity Based Costing and Management; Health Industry
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      da Silva Etges, Anna Paula Beck, Richard D. Urman, Anne Geubelle, Robert Kaplan, and Carisi Anne Polanczyk. "Cost Standard Set Program: Moving Forward to Standardization of Cost Assessment Based on Clinical Condition." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 11, no. 17 (December 2022): 1219–1223.
      • January 2022
      • Supplement

      Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care (B)

      By: Ariel D. Stern, Robert S. Huckman and Sarah Mehta
      Set in early 2020, this (B) case provides an update to the (A) case (no. 622-009) and provides additional context regarding the challenges facing Somatus. View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; Health; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Medical Specialties; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Management; Strategy; Business Strategy; Value; Value Creation; Health Industry; United States; Virginia
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      Stern, Ariel D., Robert S. Huckman, and Sarah Mehta. "Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 622-045, January 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Case

      Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care (A)

      By: Ariel D. Stern, Robert S. Huckman and Sarah Mehta
      When Dr. Ikenna Okezie founded Somatus, a value-based kidney care provider, his goal had been nothing short of transforming kidney care delivery in the United States. Rather than relying on dialysis, a costly and intensive treatment for late-stage kidney disease, the... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; Health; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Medical Specialties; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Management; Strategy; Business Strategy; Value; Value Creation; Health Industry; United States; Virginia
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      Stern, Ariel D., Robert S. Huckman, and Sarah Mehta. "Somatus: Value-Based Kidney Care (A)." Harvard Business School Case 622-009, January 2022.
      • January–February 2022
      • Article

      Mobilizing the U.S. Military’s TRICARE Program for Value-Based Care: A Report From the Defense Health Board

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Paul R. Schaettle, Vivian S. Lee, Michael D. Parkinson, Gregory H. Gorman and Michael-Anne Browne
      The U.S. Military Health System spends about $50 billion annually through its TRICARE health plans to provide care to 9.6 million active duty service members, retirees, and their families. TRICARE, historically, has used the predominant U.S. fee-for-service payment... View Details
      Keywords: Military Health System; Value-based Healthcare; Health Care and Treatment; United States
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Paul R. Schaettle, Vivian S. Lee, Michael D. Parkinson, Gregory H. Gorman, and Michael-Anne Browne. "Mobilizing the U.S. Military’s TRICARE Program for Value-Based Care: A Report From the Defense Health Board." Military Medicine 187, nos. 1-2 (January–February 2022): 12–16.
      • Article

      Surgeons and Administrators Co-Creating Value

      By: Michael Nurok, Thoralf Sundt, Robert S. Kaplan and Bruce Gewertz
      Most hospitals have arms-length relationships with physicians, viewing them as people they must ‘‘manage,’’ not as potentially valuable strategic partners. But surgeons make clinical decisions every day that have great influence on both patient outcomes and hospital... View Details
      Keywords: Value-based Health Care; Collaboration; Healthcare Administration; Health Care and Treatment; Management; Strategy; Value Creation
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      Nurok, Michael, Thoralf Sundt, Robert S. Kaplan, and Bruce Gewertz. "Surgeons and Administrators Co-Creating Value." Annals of Surgery 274, no. 6 (December 2021).
      • November 2021
      • Article

      Determining Variable Costs in the Acute Urolithiasis Cycle of Care Through Time-driven Activity-based Costing

      By: Tyler R. McClintock, David F. Friedlander, Aiden Y. Feng, Mahek A. Shah, Daniel J. Pallin, Steven L. Chang, Angela M. Bader, Thomas W. Feeley, Robert S. Kaplan and George E. Haleblian
      Objective. To characterize full cycle of care costs for managing an acute ureteral stone using time-driven activity-based costing.
      Methods. We defined all phases of care for patients presenting with an acute ureteral stone and built an... View Details
      Keywords: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care and Treatment; Cost; Activity Based Costing and Management
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      McClintock, Tyler R., David F. Friedlander, Aiden Y. Feng, Mahek A. Shah, Daniel J. Pallin, Steven L. Chang, Angela M. Bader, Thomas W. Feeley, Robert S. Kaplan, and George E. Haleblian. "Determining Variable Costs in the Acute Urolithiasis Cycle of Care Through Time-driven Activity-based Costing." Urology 157 (November 2021): 107–113.
      • October 26, 2021
      • Article

      Value Chain Management to Implement Post-COVID-19 Health Care Strategy: The COVID-19 Crisis Has Created Areas of Innovation That Should Be Embraced by Health Care Leaders

      By: Michael E. Porter, Junaid Nabi and Thomas H. Lee
      Health care organizations must learn from what has worked during the COVID-19 crisis. Leaders have found that while they cannot do everything, they must define and manage the sequence of activities required to deliver high-value care. View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Value-based Health Care; Value Chain; Health Pandemics; Health Care and Treatment; Management; Strategy
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      Porter, Michael E., Junaid Nabi, and Thomas H. Lee. "Value Chain Management to Implement Post-COVID-19 Health Care Strategy: The COVID-19 Crisis Has Created Areas of Innovation That Should Be Embraced by Health Care Leaders." DOI: 10.1056/CAT.21.0302. NEJM Catalyst (October 26, 2021).
      • Article

      Supporting Value-Based Health Care—Aligning Financial and Legal Accountability

      By: Mark M. Zaki, Anupam B. Jena and Amitabh Chandra
      U.S. health care payment and delivery-system reforms have focused on improving care by making organizations accountable for outcomes, quality, and costs. Payers have supported the implementation of accountable care organizations (ACOs), bundled-payment models, and... View Details
      Keywords: Value-based Health Care; Accountability; Health Care and Treatment; United States
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      Zaki, Mark M., Anupam B. Jena, and Amitabh Chandra. "Supporting Value-Based Health Care—Aligning Financial and Legal Accountability." New England Journal of Medicine 385, no. 11 (September 9, 2021): 965–967.
      • June 2021
      • Article

      Developing a Value Framework: Utilizing Administrative Data to Assess an Enhanced Care Initiative

      By: Casey J. Allen, Jarrod S. Eska, Nikhil G. Thaker, Thomas W. Feeley, Robert S. Kaplan, Ryan W. Huey, Ching-Wei D. Tzeng, Jeffrey E. Lee, Steven J. Frank, Thomas A. Aloia, Vijaya Gottumukkala and Matthew H.G. Katz
      We used national administrative data to assess multiple domains of value associated with enhanced recovery pathways for patients undergoing pancreatic surgery. Value metrics included in-hospital mortality, complication rates, length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission... View Details
      Keywords: Value-based Health Care; Health Care and Treatment; Analytics and Data Science; Outcome or Result; Measurement and Metrics; Performance Improvement
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      Allen, Casey J., Jarrod S. Eska, Nikhil G. Thaker, Thomas W. Feeley, Robert S. Kaplan, Ryan W. Huey, Ching-Wei D. Tzeng, Jeffrey E. Lee, Steven J. Frank, Thomas A. Aloia, Vijaya Gottumukkala, and Matthew H.G. Katz. "Developing a Value Framework: Utilizing Administrative Data to Assess an Enhanced Care Initiative." Journal of Surgical Research 262 (June 2021): 115–120.
      • May 2021
      • Article

      Value-Based Healthcare in Urology: A Collaborative Review

      By: Chanan Reitblat, Paul A. Bain, Michael E. Porter, David N. Bernstein, Thomas W. Feeley, Markus Graefen, Santosh Iyer, Matthew J. Resnick, C.J. Stimson, Quoc-Dien Trinh and Boris Gershman
      Context:
      In response to growing concerns over rising costs and major variation in quality, improving value for patients has been proposed as a fundamentally new strategy for how healthcare should be delivered, measured, and... View Details
      Keywords: Value-based Healthcare; Integrated Practice Units; Outcome Measurement; Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care and Treatment; Value; Cost Management; Strategy; Outcome or Result; Measurement and Metrics
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      Reitblat, Chanan, Paul A. Bain, Michael E. Porter, David N. Bernstein, Thomas W. Feeley, Markus Graefen, Santosh Iyer, Matthew J. Resnick, C.J. Stimson, Quoc-Dien Trinh, and Boris Gershman. "Value-Based Healthcare in Urology: A Collaborative Review." European Urology 79, no. 5 (May 2021): 571–585.
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