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    • All HBS Web  (210)
      • Faculty Publications  (29)

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      • June 2025
      • Article

      Integral Outside: The Financial Curb Market, the Electric Telegraph, and the Politics of Pricing in Second Empire France

      By: Charlotte Robertson
      Financial markets in nineteenth-century France were far more complex than an analysis of the official Bourse or its state-authorized brokers would suggest. Most financial transactions occurred on an illegal yet tacitly tolerated curb market called the coulisse, which... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; History; Communication Technology; Knowledge Dissemination; France
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      Robertson, Charlotte. "Integral Outside: The Financial Curb Market, the Electric Telegraph, and the Politics of Pricing in Second Empire France." Journal of Modern History 97, no. 2 (June 2025): 307–347.
      • June 2024 (Revised August 2024)
      • Case

      Hospital for Special Surgery: Returning to a New Normal? (A)

      By: Robert S. Huckman, Michael Lingzhi Li and Camille Gregory
      Early on the morning of April 27, 2020, Justin Oppenheimer stood outside the entrance to the lobby of the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Pavilion Building with mixed emotions. On one hand, Oppenheimer, HSS’ Enterprise Chief Operating Officer and Chief Strategy... View Details
      Keywords: Operations Management; Scheduling; Optimization; COVID-19; Health Care and Treatment; Operations; Customer Focus and Relationships; Disruption; Health Industry; United States
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      Huckman, Robert S., Michael Lingzhi Li, and Camille Gregory. "Hospital for Special Surgery: Returning to a New Normal? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 624-092, June 2024. (Revised August 2024.)
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      What Do Impact Investors Do Differently?

      By: Shawn Cole, Leslie Jeng, Josh Lerner, Natalia Rigol and Benjamin N. Roth
      In recent years, impact investors – private investors who seek to generate simultaneously financial and social returns – have attracted intense interest and controversy. We analyze a novel, comprehensive data set of impact and traditional investors to assess how the... View Details
      Keywords: ESG; Socially Responsible Investing; Investment Decisions; Public Goods; Impact Investment; Investment; Private Equity; Venture Capital
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      Cole, Shawn, Leslie Jeng, Josh Lerner, Natalia Rigol, and Benjamin N. Roth. "What Do Impact Investors Do Differently?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-028, November 2023. (Revise and Resubmit, Review of Financial Studies.)
      • September 26, 2023
      • Article

      10 Signs Your Company Is Resistant to Change

      By: Frances X. Frei and Anne Morriss
      In their new book, Move Fast and Fix Things, Frances Frei and Anne Morriss outline five strategies to help leaders tackle their hardest problems and quickly make change. The first step is to identify the real problem you need to solve. Often that’s not clear... View Details
      Keywords: Problems and Challenges; Business or Company Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Frei, Frances X., and Anne Morriss. "10 Signs Your Company Is Resistant to Change." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 26, 2023).
      • June, 2023
      • Article

      Walking the Purpose-Talk Inside a Large Company: Sustainable Product Development as an Instance of Divergent Change

      By: Marissa Kimsey, Thijs Geradts and Julie Battilana
      There is a growing interest in large companies pursuing a new purpose—changing their core reason for being from a singular focus on financial gain to a renewed responsibility to people and the planet alongside profit. Yet knowledge of how a large company can walk that... View Details
      Keywords: Product Development; Environmental Sustainability; Mission and Purpose; Leading Change
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      Kimsey, Marissa, Thijs Geradts, and Julie Battilana. "Walking the Purpose-Talk Inside a Large Company: Sustainable Product Development as an Instance of Divergent Change." Special Issue on Corporate Purpose. Strategy Science 8, no. 2 (June, 2023): 311–321.
      • August 2022
      • Case

      In-Q-Tel: Innovation On A Mission

      By: Joshua Lev Krieger and Josh Lerner
      In 2022, the leaders of In-Q-Tel (IQT) considered what was next for the unique mission-driven organization. Since 1999, IQT had one mission: to be the most sophisticated source of strategic technical knowledge and capabilities to the U.S. government and its allies. IQT... View Details
      Keywords: Mission and Purpose; National Security; Technological Innovation; Research; Geopolitical Units; Risk Management; Recruitment; Growth and Development Strategy; Venture Capital; Knowledge Management; Information Industry; Banking Industry
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      Krieger, Joshua Lev, and Josh Lerner. "In-Q-Tel: Innovation On A Mission." Harvard Business School Case 823-031, August 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Measuring the Tolerance of the State: Theory and Application to Protest

      By: Veli Andirin, Yusuf Neggers, Mehdi Shadmehr and Jesse M. Shapiro
      We develop a measure of a regime's tolerance for an action by its citizens. We ground our measure in an economic model and apply it to the setting of political protest. In the model, a regime anticipating a protest can take a costly action to repress it. We define the... View Details
      Keywords: Political Protests; Modeling And Analysis; Government and Politics; Conflict and Resolution
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      Andirin, Veli, Yusuf Neggers, Mehdi Shadmehr, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "Measuring the Tolerance of the State: Theory and Application to Protest." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30167, June 2022.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization

      By: Rawi Abdelal
      Every order is a bargain with disappointments and trade-offs. Thus is every order an unstable equilibrium. The first era of globalization, circa 1870–1914, created both international prosperity and domestic instability. That instability was fully realized during the... View Details
      Keywords: Globalization; Policy; Economic Systems; Balance and Stability; Europe; European Union; United States
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      Abdelal, Rawi. "Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization." In The Downfall of the American Order? edited by Peter J. Katzenstein and Jonathan Kirshner, 105–123. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2022.
      • January 2021
      • Case

      Saham Group: It's In the Genes

      By: Christina R. Wing and Gamze Yucaoglu
      The case opens in August 2020 as Moulay Mhamed Elalamy (Mhamed), CEO of the Saham Group (the Group), a pan-African investment company that operates a variety of businesses out of Morocco, contemplates the Group’s identity, its investment strategy, and how to navigate... View Details
      Keywords: Family and Family Relationships; Family Business; For-Profit Firms; Transformation; Transition; Emerging Markets; Change Management; Private Equity; Investment; Strategy; Insurance Industry; Real Estate Industry; Education Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Morocco; Africa
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      Wing, Christina R., and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Saham Group: It's In the Genes." Harvard Business School Case 621-069, January 2021.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization

      By: Rawi Abdelal
      Every order is a bargain with disappointments and trade-offs. Thus is every order an unstable equilibrium. The first era of globalization, circa 1870–1914, created both international prosperity and domestic instability. That instability was fully realized during the... View Details
      Keywords: Centrism; Populism; Globalization; History; Balance and Stability; Economic Systems; Government and Politics; Learning
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      Abdelal, Rawi. "Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-008, July 2020.
      • Article

      Risk Attitudes and Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs and Venture Team Members

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and Margaret Dalton
      Personality distinctions between entrepreneurs, nonfounder CEOs/leaders, and inventor employees have received limited attention, especially in innovative settings where they are working together. We surveyed these groups, along with other employees of innovative firms,... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurs; Inventors; Innovation; Risk; Personal Characteristics; Innovation and Invention; Risk and Uncertainty; Attitudes
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and Margaret Dalton. "Risk Attitudes and Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs and Venture Team Members." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 36 (September 3, 2019): 17712–17716.
      • June 2019
      • Supplement

      Elon Musk: Balancing Purpose and Risk; Risk Tolerance Exercise

      By: Shikhar Ghosh
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      Ghosh, Shikhar. "Elon Musk: Balancing Purpose and Risk; Risk Tolerance Exercise." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 819-704, June 2019.
      • 2019
      • Book

      Love Your Enemies: How Decent People Can Save America from the Culture of Contempt

      By: Arthur C. Brooks
      To get ahead today, you have to be a jerk, right?

      Divisive politicians. Screaming heads on television. Angry campus activists. Twitter trolls. Today in America, there is an “outrage industrial complex” that prospers by setting American against... View Details
      Keywords: Political Participation; Political Culture; Moral Sensibility; Government and Politics; Society; United States
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      Brooks, Arthur C. Love Your Enemies: How Decent People Can Save America from the Culture of Contempt. New York: Broadside Books, 2019. (National bestseller.)
      • February 2019
      • Article

      Pettiness in Social Exchange

      By: Tami Kim, Ting Zhang and Michael I. Norton
      We identify and document a novel construct—pettiness, or intentional attentiveness to trivial details—and examine its (negative) implications in interpersonal relationships and social exchange. Seven studies show that pettiness manifests across different types of... View Details
      Keywords: Relationships; Personal Characteristics; Perception; Societal Protocols
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      Kim, Tami, Ting Zhang, and Michael I. Norton. "Pettiness in Social Exchange." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 148, no. 2 (February 2019): 361–373.
      • January–February 2019
      • Article

      The Hard Truth About Innovative Cultures

      By: Gary P. Pisano
      Innovative cultures are generally depicted as pretty fun. They’re characterized by a tolerance for failure and a willingness to experiment. They’re seen as being psychologically safe, highly collaborative, and nonhierarchical. And research suggests that these behaviors... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Culture; Innovation and Invention; Performance Expectations; Leadership
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      Pisano, Gary P. "The Hard Truth About Innovative Cultures." Harvard Business Review 97, no. 1 (January–February 2019): 62–71.
      • December 2018 (Revised August 2019)
      • Case

      Super Bowl Storytelling

      By: Shelle Santana and Jill Avery
      The one day a year when consumers not only tolerate but actually eagerly anticipate ads is during the NFL's Super Bowl. In sharp contrast to their behavior on the other 364 days of the year, consumers watch an average of 89 commercials per Super Bowl game for an... View Details
      Keywords: Television Advertising; Entertainment; Brand Management; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Television Entertainment; Brands and Branding; Media; Cost vs Benefits; Advertising Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Sports Industry; United States; North America
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      Santana, Shelle, and Jill Avery. "Super Bowl Storytelling." Harvard Business School Case 519-041, December 2018. (Revised August 2019.)
      • Article

      Statistical Physics of Human Cooperation

      By: Matjaž Perc, Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand, Zhen Wang, Stefano Boccaletti and Attila Szolnoki
      Extensive cooperation among unrelated individuals is unique to humans, who often sacrifice personal benefits for the common good and work together to achieve what they are unable to execute alone. The evolutionary success of our species is indeed due, to a large... View Details
      Keywords: Human Cooperation; Evolutionary Game Theory; Public Goods; Reward; Punishment; Tolerance; Self-organization; Pattern Formation; Cooperation; Behavior; Game Theory
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      Perc, Matjaž, Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand, Zhen Wang, Stefano Boccaletti, and Attila Szolnoki. "Statistical Physics of Human Cooperation." Physics Reports 687 (May 8, 2017): 1–51.
      • January–February 2017
      • Article

      Buying Your Way into Entrepreneurship

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      An increasingly popular route to success as a small business owner is “acquisition entrepreneurship”—buying and running an existing operation. If you’re considering such a path, the authors offer practical advice for each stage of the process. Think it through. Do you... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Acquisition; Planning
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "Buying Your Way into Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business Review 95, no. 1 (January–February 2017): 149–153.
      • October 2016
      • Case

      Elon Musk: Balancing Purpose and Risk

      By: Shikhar Ghosh and Sarah Mehta
      The case is used to illustrate the place of ‘Purpose’ versus financial risk and returns in a founder’s objectives. It also addresses personal risk profile of different founders, and when paired with the Risk Tolerance Exercise, it enables evaluating one’s own appetite... View Details
      Keywords: Electric Vehicle; Solar Power; Vision; Trade-offs; Leadership; Mission and Purpose; Risk and Uncertainty; Entrepreneurship; Failure; United States; North America
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, and Sarah Mehta. "Elon Musk: Balancing Purpose and Risk." Harvard Business School Case 817-040, October 2016.
      • Article

      Crowdsourcing City Government: Using Tournaments to Improve Inspection Accuracy

      By: Edward Glaeser, Andrew Hillis, Scott Duke Kominers and Michael Luca
      The proliferation of big data makes it possible to better target city services like hygiene inspections, but city governments rarely have the in-house talent needed for developing prediction algorithms. Cities could hire consultants, but a cheaper alternative is to... View Details
      Keywords: User-generated Content; Operations; Tournaments; Policy-making; Machine Learning; Online Platforms; Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods; City; Infrastructure; Business Processes; Government and Politics
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      Glaeser, Edward, Andrew Hillis, Scott Duke Kominers, and Michael Luca. "Crowdsourcing City Government: Using Tournaments to Improve Inspection Accuracy." American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 106, no. 5 (May 2016): 114–118.
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