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  • All HBS Web  (91)
    • News  (30)
    • Research  (58)
    • Multimedia  (1)
  • Faculty Publications  (37)

Show Results For

  • All HBS Web  (91)
    • News  (30)
    • Research  (58)
    • Multimedia  (1)
  • Faculty Publications  (37)
Page 1 of 91 Results →
  • December 2018 (Revised April 2020)
  • Case

Fluidity: The Tokenization of Real Estate Assets

By: Marco Di Maggio, David Lane and Susie Ma
In December 2018, the blockchain startup Fluidity was about to participate in its first tokenization deal, which would create digital access to property rights in a 12-unit Manhattan condominium complex. The deal was proof-of-concept for Fluidity, which hoped to... View Details
Keywords: Blockchain; Tokenization; Data Security; Revenue Model; Finance; Technological Innovation; Strategy
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Di Maggio, Marco, David Lane, and Susie Ma. "Fluidity: The Tokenization of Real Estate Assets." Harvard Business School Case 219-057, December 2018. (Revised April 2020.)

    Network tokens vs. company-backed tokens

    Article ofr a16zcrypto View Details

      Defining tokens

      Article for a16zcrypto View Details
      • 09 Jul 2024
      • Cold Call Podcast

      Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) and Brand Building

      Keywords: Re: Scott Duke Kominers; Technology
      • April 2008
      • Journal Article

      Heart of Darkness: Business Tokens of the Congo (Part 1)

      By: Louis T. Wells
      Few numismatic fields are as unexplored as the tokens of what was once the Belgian Congo. Although the head (and “extra-wife”) tokens have been thoroughly cataloged, I have found only one very early and incomplete attempt, by Mahieu in the 1920s, to report other tokens... View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Mining; Currency; Labor; Congo, Democratic Republic of the
      Citation
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      Wells, Louis T. "Heart of Darkness: Business Tokens of the Congo (Part 1)." TAMS Journal 48 (April 2008): 36–42.
      • September 2020 (Revised March 2022)
      • Teaching Note

      Fluidity: The Tokenization of Real Estate Assets

      By: Marco Di Maggio and Susie L. Ma
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 219-057 View Details
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      Di Maggio, Marco, and Susie L. Ma. "Fluidity: The Tokenization of Real Estate Assets." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 221-011, September 2020. (Revised March 2022.)
      • 04 Jul 2012
      • News

      The Female Factor: Diversity, Minus the Tokenism

      • 09 Jul 2024
      • News

      Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) and Brand Building

      • 31 Aug 2021
      • News

      Boards Need Real Diversity, Not Tokenism

      • October 2000
      • Article

      Tokens of Faith: Mission Money in Africa

      By: L. T. Wells Jr.
      Keywords: Africa
      Citation
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      Wells, L. T., Jr. "Tokens of Faith: Mission Money in Africa." TAMS Journal (October 2000): 140–145.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Is Love Blind? AI-Powered Trading with Emotional Dividends

      By: De-Rong Kong and Daniel Rabetti
      We leverage the non-fungible tokens (NFTs) setting to assess the valuation of emotional dividends (LOVE), a long-standing empirical challenge in private-value markets such as art, antiques, and collectibles. Having created and validated our proxy, we use deep learning... View Details
      Keywords: NFTs; Non-fungible Tokens; AI and Machine Learning; Valuation; Financial Markets
      Citation
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      Kong, De-Rong, and Daniel Rabetti. "Is Love Blind? AI-Powered Trading with Emotional Dividends." Working Paper, February 2025.
      • March 1977
      • Article

      Some Effects on Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women

      By: R. M. Kanter
      Keywords: Groups and Teams; Gender
      Citation
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      Kanter, R. M. "Some Effects on Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women." American Journal of Sociology 82 (March 1977): 965–90. (Reprintings include: Representative Bureaucracy, edited by J. Dolan and D. Rosenbloom. M.E. Sharpe, 2002; Readings in Sociology, edited by R. Curtis. Kendall-Hunt Publishing, 1988; Women and Symbolic Interaction, edited by M.J. Deegan and M. Hill. N.Y.: Allen Unwin, 1986; The Gender Gap and Psychotherapy, edited by E. Carmen and P. Ricker. N.Y.: Plenum, 1984; The Substance of Social Deviance, edited by R.A. Farrell and V.L. Swigert. Alfred Publishing, 1978; Sociological Inventory, Vol. 1, 1979; Reader in Complex Organizations, edited by A. Etzioni and E.W. Lehman. N.Y.: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1980; Sociology: Contemporary Introductory Readings, edited by J. And A. Stimson. Ithaca, N.Y.: Peacock, 1983.)
      • February 21, 2024
      • Article

      The NFT Staircase: How Digital Ownership Benefits Brands and Consumers

      By: Scott Duke Kominers and Steve Kaczynski
      One of our goals with our new book, The Everything Token: How NFTs and Web3 Will Transform the Way We Buy, Sell, and Create, is to unlock the power of nonfungible tokens, or NFTs, for business. National and international brands are already using NFTs in some of... View Details
      Keywords: Non-fungible Tokens; NFTs; Brand; Brand Building; Digitization; Metaverse; Tokenization; Crypto Economy; Blockchain; Market Design; Brands and Branding; Value Creation
      Citation
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      Kominers, Scott Duke, and Steve Kaczynski. "The NFT Staircase: How Digital Ownership Benefits Brands and Consumers." a16zcrypto.com (February 21, 2024).
      • February 9, 2024
      • Article

      The Rise of Consumer Crypto

      By: Steve Kaczynski and Scott Duke Kominers
      Although non-fungible tokens are often misunderstood and even derided, they remain a general and flexible solution for establishing and tracking ownership in the digital domain. As a superior solution to existing technology in many areas of the consumer economy, their... View Details
      Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Crypto Economy; NFTs; Non-fungible Tokens; Internet Of Everything; Market Design; Technological Innovation; Demand and Consumers; Web Services Industry
      Citation
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      Kaczynski, Steve, and Scott Duke Kominers. "The Rise of Consumer Crypto." Project Syndicate (February 9, 2024).
      • April 6, 2023
      • Article

      A New NFT Launch Strategy: The Wave Mint

      By: Scott Duke Kominers and 1337 Skulls Sers
      In an NFT project, the mint—the process by which tokens are initially allocated—largely determines who your community is and how they and the broader market view the project going forward. In this piece, we review a new minting strategy recently introduced by 1337... View Details
      Keywords: NFTs; Mechanism Design; Sales Management; Sales Model; Crypto Economy; Non-fungible Tokens; Networks; Product Launch; Auctions; Market Design
      Citation
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      Kominers, Scott Duke, and 1337 Skulls Sers. "A New NFT Launch Strategy: The Wave Mint." a16zcrypto.com (April 6, 2023).
      • August 3, 2022
      • Article

      Why NFT Creators Are Going cc0

      By: and Scott Duke Kominers Flashrekt
      Strategies for building brands, communities, and content through intellectual property (IP) vary greatly across NFT projects. Some maintain more or less standard IP protections; others give just NFT owners rights to innovate upon the associated intellectual property;... View Details
      Keywords: Non-fungible Tokens; NFTs; Video Games; Merchandising; Creative Commons; Intellectual Property
      Citation
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      Flashrekt, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Why NFT Creators Are Going cc0." a16zcrypto.com (August 3, 2022).
      • March 2024 (Revised May 2024)
      • Case

      Masterpiece for the Masses: The First Art Exchange ARTEX

      By: Lauren Cohen, Anastasiya Siroochenko (Siro) and Sophia Pan
      Yassir Benjelloun-Touimi, CEO of ARTEX, aspired to marry the world of art and finance. Hoping to promote transparent, fractionalized ownership of renowned artwork, the founder had spent years contemplating the birth of an art stock market. This exchange would allow... View Details
      Keywords: Trading; Art Market; Art Fair; Tokenization; Democratization; Exchange Traded Fund; Price Monitoring; Trends And Opportunities; Financial Liquidity; Financial Markets; Arts; Financial Strategy; Initial Public Offering; Investment Return; Technological Innovation; Business Model; Trends; Stocks; Assets; Diversification; Trade; Financial Services Industry; Fine Arts Industry; Paris; France
      Citation
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      Cohen, Lauren, Anastasiya Siroochenko (Siro), and Sophia Pan. "Masterpiece for the Masses: The First Art Exchange ARTEX." Harvard Business School Case 224-086, March 2024. (Revised May 2024.)
      • September 2023
      • Case

      Diamond Standard

      By: Lauren H. Cohen, Zhaoheng Gong and Grace Headinger
      Cormac Kinney, Founder and CEO of Diamond Standard, was on a mission to transform the U.S. diamond market through unlocking the precious gems as market-traded assets. As a serial FinTech entrepreneur, he hoped to add an additional service to his vault: Carats. The... View Details
      Keywords: Tokenization; Fintech; Cryptocurrency; Liquidity; Digital; Rare Earth Minerals; Decentralized; Crypto Economy; Financial Product; Metals; Diamonds; Commodity; Assets; Financial Instruments; Financial Institutions; Financial Markets; Investment; Technological Innovation; Natural Resources; Business Startups; Currency; Financial Services Industry; United States
      Citation
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      Cohen, Lauren H., Zhaoheng Gong, and Grace Headinger. "Diamond Standard." Harvard Business School Case 224-009, September 2023.
      • 12 May 2017
      • News

      How to Get the Wealthy to Donate

      • 23 Jan 2024
      • Book

      More Than Memes: NFTs Could Be the Next Gen Deed for a Digital World

      Two years after non-fungible tokens (NFTs) captured the attention of artists, celebrities, and brands, debate still rages over their value. But NFTs could be poised to make a comeback in 2024, argues Scott Duke Kominers, the Sarofim-Rock... View Details
      Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman; Information Technology; Technology; Financial Services
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