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- Summer 2020
- Article
Tech Clusters
By: William R. Kerr and Frederic Robert-Nicoud
Tech clusters like Silicon Valley play a central role for modern innovation, business competitiveness, and economic performance. This paper reviews what constitutes a tech cluster, how they function internally, and the degree to which policy makers can purposefully... View Details
Keywords: Clusters; Agglomeration; Innovation; Industry Clusters; Innovation and Invention; Entrepreneurship; Patents
Kerr, William R., and Frederic Robert-Nicoud. "Tech Clusters." Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 3 (Summer 2020): 50–76.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Tech Clusters
By: William R. Kerr and Frederic Robert-Nicoud
Tech clusters like Silicon Valley play a central role for modern innovation, business competitiveness, and economic performance. This paper reviews what constitutes a tech cluster, how they function internally, and the degree to which policy makers can purposefully... View Details
Keywords: Clusters; Agglomeration; Innovation; Industry Clusters; Innovation and Invention; Entrepreneurship; Patents
Kerr, William R., and Frederic Robert-Nicoud. "Tech Clusters." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-063, November 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
- October 2015
- Article
Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes
By: William R. Kerr and Scott Duke Kominers
We model spatial clusters of similar firms. Our model highlights how agglomerative forces lead to localized, individual connections among firms, while interaction costs generate a defined distance over which attraction forces operate. Overlapping firm interactions... View Details
Keywords: Agglomeration; Clusters; Industrial Organization; Silicon Valley; Technology Flows; Patents; Networks; Information Technology; Industry Clusters; Entrepreneurship; California
Kerr, William R., and Scott Duke Kominers. "Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes." Review of Economics and Statistics 97, no. 4 (October 2015): 877–899.
- 2015
- Working Paper
Can Marshall's Clusters Survive Globalization?
By: Giulio Buciuni and Gary P. Pisano
It is widely presumed that in today's globalized economy, the value of geographic clustering of manufacturing industries is no longer valuable. Manufacturing is represented as a highly mobile "commodity" that can be sourced from anywhere in the world where factor costs... View Details
Keywords: Manufacturing; Globalization; Marshall Industrial Clusters; Global Supply Chains; Manufacturing Industry
Buciuni, Giulio, and Gary P. Pisano. "Can Marshall's Clusters Survive Globalization?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-088, May 2015.
- November 2012
- Article
The Variance of Non-Parametric Treatment Effect Estimators in the Presence of Clustering
By: Samuel G. Hanson and Adi Sunderam
Non-parametric estimators of treatment effects are often applied in settings where clustering may be important. We provide a general methodology for consistently estimating the variance of a large class of non-parametric estimators, including the simple matching... View Details
Keywords: Treatment Effects; Matching Estimators; Clustering; Applications and Software; Mathematical Methods
Hanson, Samuel G., and Adi Sunderam. "The Variance of Non-Parametric Treatment Effect Estimators in the Presence of Clustering." Review of Economics and Statistics 94, no. 4 (November 2012). (Stata and Matlab Code Here.)
- 08 Oct 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Clusters of Entrepreneurship
- 28 Jan 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes
- 2010
- Working Paper
Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes
By: William R. Kerr and Scott Duke Kominers
We model spatial clusters of similar firms. Our model highlights how agglomerative forces lead to localized, individual connections among firms, while interaction costs generate a defined distance over which attraction forces operate. Overlapping firm interactions... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Geographic Location; Patents; Labor; Industry Clusters; Industry Structures; Relationships; Competitive Advantage; Technology Industry; California
Kerr, William R., and Scott Duke Kominers. "Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-061, December 2010.
- 2015
- Report
Clusters and Regional Economies: Implications for the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Region
By: Christian H.M. Ketels
The Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Region, covering eight U.S. states and two Canadian provinces located around the lakes and waterways that have given this region its name, is what economic developers call a 'macro region'. It is an area of intensive economic interaction... View Details
Keywords: Clusters; Regional Policy; Great Lakes; Economic Development; Industry Clusters; Economy; Canada; United States
Ketels, Christian H.M. "Clusters and Regional Economies: Implications for the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Region." Report, Conference of Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers, Chicago, IL, August 2015.
- 2007
- Working Paper
Competition in Modular Clusters
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and C. Jason Woodard
The last twenty years have witnessed the rise of disaggregated "clusters," "networks," or "ecosystems" of firms. In these clusters the activities of R&D, product design, production, distribution, and system integration may be split up among hundreds or even thousands... View Details
Keywords: Price; Profit; Digital Platforms; Industry Clusters; Competition; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and C. Jason Woodard. "Competition in Modular Clusters." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-042, December 2007.
- January 2010
- Article
Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation
By: William R. Kerr
We investigate the speed at which clusters of invention for a technology migrate spatially following breakthrough inventions. We identify breakthrough inventions as the top one percent of U.S. inventions for a technology during 1975-1984 in terms of subsequent... View Details
Kerr, William R. "Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation." Journal of Urban Economics 67, no. 1 (January 2010): 46–60.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation
By: William R. Kerr
We investigate the speed at which clusters of invention for a technology migrate spatially following breakthrough inventions. We identify breakthrough inventions as the top one percent of US inventions for a technology during 1975-1984 in terms of subsequent citations.... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Immigration; Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Patents; Industry Clusters; United States
Kerr, William R. "Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-020, September 2009.
- 2013
- Working Paper
Clusters and the New Growth Path for Europe
By: Christian Ketels and Sergiy Protsiv
This paper outlines elements of a conceptual framework that clarifies the role that clusters play relative to government policies and actions of individual companies in supporting the emergence of "High Road" strategies that lead to better New Growth Path–related... View Details
Keywords: Technological Innovation; Competition; Industry Clusters; Globalization; Economic Growth; Europe
Ketels, Christian, and Sergiy Protsiv. "Clusters and the New Growth Path for Europe." WWW for Europe Working Paper Series, No. 14, July 2013. (WIFO, Vienna.)
- 27 Jan 2003
- Research & Ideas
New Cluster Mapping Project Helps Companies Locate Facilities
substantial breakthroughs in life sciences technologies and continued breakthroughs in information technology. While there is no entirely new technology cluster evident on the... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne
- 30 Sep 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Breakthrough Inventions and Migrating Clusters of Innovation
- 2010
- Chapter
Breakthrough Inventions and the Growth of Innovation Clusters
By: William R. Kerr
This report provides a comprehensive look at the role of innovation in promoting economic and social development. It examines the impact of innovation on the economic growth of developing countries and the future role of technological innovation in international... View Details
Keywords: Technological Innovation; Developing Countries and Economies; Society; Growth and Development; Climate Change; Social Issues; Industry Clusters; Business and Government Relations
Kerr, William R. "Breakthrough Inventions and the Growth of Innovation Clusters." In The Innovation for Development Report 2010-2011, edited by Augusto Lopez-Claros, 103–107. Hampshire, England: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
- August 2018 (Revised April 2019)
- Case
Chateau Winery (A): Unsupervised Learning
By: Srikant M. Datar and Caitlin N. Bowler
This case follows Bill Booth, marketing manager of a regional wine distributor, as he applies unsupervised learning on data about his customers’ purchases to better understand their preferences. Specifically, he uses the K-means clustering technique to identify groups... View Details
Datar, Srikant M., and Caitlin N. Bowler. "Chateau Winery (A): Unsupervised Learning." Harvard Business School Case 119-023, August 2018. (Revised April 2019.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Inventing the Endless Frontier: The Effects of the World War II Research Effort on Post-War Innovation
By: Daniel P. Gross and Bhaven N. Sampat
During World War II, the U.S. government launched an unprecedented effort to mobilize science for war: a newly-established Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) entered thousands of R&D contracts with industrial and academic contractors, spending one to... View Details
Keywords: World War II; Vannevar Bush; OSRD; Mission-oriented R＆D; Direction Of Innovation; Geography Of Innovation; Technology Clusters; U.S. Innovation System; Innovation and Invention; Research and Development; Problems and Challenges; War; History; Government Administration; United States
Gross, Daniel P., and Bhaven N. Sampat. "Inventing the Endless Frontier: The Effects of the World War II Research Effort on Post-War Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-126, June 2020.
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize
The purpose of this chapter is to explain what the technologies of flow production with stochastic bottlenecks require and reward in organizations. I argue that organizations successfully implementing these technologies are likely to have unified governance and... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-033, September 2019.
- November 2002 (Revised September 2013)
- Case
Building a Cluster: Electronics and Information Technology in Costa Rica
By: Michael E. Porter and Niels W. Ketelhohn
Describes the actions of Costa Rica President Figueres and his cabinet in attracting an Intel assembly and testing plant to their country. The effort was part of a government strategy that sought to develop further the Costa Rican electronics and information technology... View Details
Keywords: Development Economics; Growth and Development Strategy; Industry Clusters; Business and Government Relations; Information Technology; Information Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry; Costa Rica
Porter, Michael E., and Niels W. Ketelhohn. "Building a Cluster: Electronics and Information Technology in Costa Rica." Harvard Business School Case 703-422, November 2002. (Revised September 2013.)