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Publications

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    • Faculty Publications  (33)

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    • All HBS Web  (271)
      • Faculty Publications  (33)

      Risky InvestmentsRemove Risky Investments →

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      • January 2025
      • Case

      Apax Partners: Deciding Whether to Bid for Trader Corp.

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Edward A. Meyer
      Apax Partners’ investment committee was schedule to meet on March 21, 2011, to decide whether to invest in Trader Corporation, a Canadian classified advertising business for used automobiles with both print (magazines) and digital (website) distribution. What made this... View Details
      Keywords: Value Creation; Network Effects; Private Equity; Growth Management; Digital Marketing; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; E-commerce; Valuation; Competition; Digital Platforms; Digital Strategy; Digital Transformation; Transition; Investment; Risk and Uncertainty; Advertising Industry; Auto Industry; Information Industry; Canada; United Kingdom; New York (state, US); New York (city, NY)
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Edward A. Meyer. "Apax Partners: Deciding Whether to Bid for Trader Corp." Harvard Business School Case 225-032, January 2025.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      The Rise of Alternatives

      By: Juliane Begenau, Pauline Liang and Emil Siriwardane
      Since the 2000s, U.S. public pensions have shifted their risky investments towards alternative assets like private equity and hedge funds, some more aggressively than others. We explore several explanations for these cross-sectional trends, focusing on those implied by... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Investment Return; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Begenau, Juliane, Pauline Liang, and Emil Siriwardane. "The Rise of Alternatives." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-016, August 2024.
      • March 2024
      • Case

      Nomad: A License to Bank

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Pedro Levindo
      In late 2023, Lucas Vargas, CEO and co-founder of Nomad, a fintech that offered financial services in the United States for Brazilian residents, had to decide what to do to ensure the company’s continued expansion. Nomad launched its first product, a U.S. digital bank... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Startups; Customer Satisfaction; Decision Making; Entrepreneurship; Banks and Banking; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Organizational Culture; Going Public; Ownership Stake; Innovation and Invention; Strategic Planning; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Vertical Integration; Leadership; Law; Banking Industry; Technology Industry; Service Industry; Brazil; United States; North America; Latin America
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Pedro Levindo. "Nomad: A License to Bank." Harvard Business School Case 824-144, March 2024.
      • August 2021
      • Article

      Don't Take Their Word for It: The Misclassification of Bond Mutual Funds

      By: Huaizhi Chen, Lauren Cohen and Umit Gurun
      We provide evidence that bond fund managers misclassify their holdings, and that these misclassifications have a real and significant impact on investor capital flows. In particular, many funds report more investment grade assets than are actually held in their... View Details
      Keywords: Mutual Funds; Economics; Finance; Measurement and Metrics; Risk and Uncertainty; Financial Services Industry
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      Chen, Huaizhi, Lauren Cohen, and Umit Gurun. "Don't Take Their Word for It: The Misclassification of Bond Mutual Funds." Journal of Finance 76, no. 4 (August 2021): 1699–1730. (Winner of the Best Paper Prize at the University of Cambridge Consortium on Asset Management, 2020; Winner of the Financial Management Association Best Paper Prize in Quantitative Investments, 2020.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Real Credit Cycles

      By: Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli, Andrei Shleifer and Stephen J. Terry
      We incorporate diagnostic expectations, a psychologically founded model of overreaction to news, into a workhorse business cycle model with heterogeneous firms and risky debt. A realistic degree of diagnosticity, estimated from the forecast errors of managers of U.S.... View Details
      Keywords: Econometric Models; Business Cycles; Credit
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      Bordalo, Pedro, Nicola Gennaioli, Andrei Shleifer, and Stephen J. Terry. "Real Credit Cycles." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28416, January 2021.
      • August 2020
      • Article

      Financial Market Risk Perceptions and the Macroeconomy

      By: Carolin E. Pflueger, Emil Siriwardane and Adi Sunderam
      We propose a novel measure of risk perceptions: the price of volatile stocks (PVS), defined as the book-to-market ratio of low-volatility stocks minus the book-to-market ratio of high-volatility stocks. PVS is high when perceived risk directly measured from surveys and... View Details
      Keywords: Risk-centric Business Cycles; Cross-section Of Equities; Real Risk-free Rate; Real Investment; Financial Markets; Risk and Uncertainty; Perception; Investment
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      Pflueger, Carolin E., Emil Siriwardane, and Adi Sunderam. "Financial Market Risk Perceptions and the Macroeconomy." Quarterly Journal of Economics 135, no. 3 (August 2020).
      • 2017
      • Article

      Agricultural Insurance and Economic Development

      By: Shawn A. Cole and Wentao Xiong
      This article provides a review of recent research on agricultural insurance (AI) in developing countries. Agricultural producers face a variety of significant risks; historically, only government-subsidized products have achieved widespread adoption. A recent... View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Insurance; Developing Countries and Economies; Adoption; Risk Management; Research; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
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      Cole, Shawn A., and Wentao Xiong. "Agricultural Insurance and Economic Development." Annual Review of Economics 9 (2017): 235–262.
      • Fall 2017
      • Article

      An Empirical Analysis of Investment Return Dispersion in Emerging Markets Private Equity

      By: Josh Lerner and Mark Baker
      The authors use transaction-level data to compare the dispersion of private equity (PE) returns in emerging markets (EMs) to the same in developed markets (DMs). They regress within-market absolute deviation from the mean on an EM indicator and controls. They find... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Emerging Markets; Investment Return; Analysis
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      Lerner, Josh, and Mark Baker. "An Empirical Analysis of Investment Return Dispersion in Emerging Markets Private Equity." Journal of Private Equity 20, no. 4 (Fall 2017): 15–24.
      • June 2017
      • Article

      Does Aggregated Returns Disclosure Increase Portfolio Risk Taking?

      By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
      Many experiments have found that participants take more investment risk if they see returns less frequently, see portfolio-level returns (rather than each individual asset’s returns), or see long-horizon (rather than one-year) historical return distributions. In... View Details
      Keywords: Information; Investment Portfolio; Investment Return
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      Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Does Aggregated Returns Disclosure Increase Portfolio Risk Taking?" Review of Financial Studies 30, no. 6 (June 2017): 1971–2005.
      • Article

      Lessons From Hollywood: A New Approach To Funding R&D

      By: Gary P. Pisano and Andrew W. Lo
      Companies find it increasingly difficult to justify long-term, risky R&D investments—particularly in science-based fields such as biotechnology, advanced materials, and energy. We argue in this article that the traditional venture model has limits for such investments... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Innovation; Financial Strategy; Project Management; R&D; Start-up; Innovation Strategy; Business Model; Research and Development; Financial Management; Risk Management; Strategy
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      Pisano, Gary P., and Andrew W. Lo. "Lessons From Hollywood: A New Approach To Funding R&D." MIT Sloan Management Review 57, no. 2 (Winter 2016): 47–54.
      • June 2014
      • Article

      Frictions in Shadow Banking: Evidence from the Lending Behavior of Money Market Funds

      By: Sergey Chernenko and Adi Sunderam
      We document the consequences of money market fund risk taking during the European sovereign debt crisis. Using a novel data set of security-level holdings of prime money market funds, we show that funds with large exposures to risky Eurozone banks suffered significant... View Details
      Keywords: Money Market Mutual Funds; European Sovereign Debt Crisis; Runs; Contagion; Risk Taking; Investment Funds; Financial Crisis; Europe
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      Chernenko, Sergey, and Adi Sunderam. "Frictions in Shadow Banking: Evidence from the Lending Behavior of Money Market Funds." Review of Financial Studies 27, no. 6 (June 2014): 1717–1750.
      • Winter 2013
      • Article

      Corporate Governance Reform and Executive Incentives: Implications for Investments and Risk-Taking

      By: Daniel Cohen, Aiyesha Dey and Thomas Lys
      We investigate the mechanism through which the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) was associated with changes in corporate investment strategies. We document that the passage of the governance regulations in SOX was followed by a significant decline in pay‐performance... View Details
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      Cohen, Daniel, Aiyesha Dey, and Thomas Lys. "Corporate Governance Reform and Executive Incentives: Implications for Investments and Risk-Taking." Contemporary Accounting Research 30, no. 4 (Winter 2013): 1296–1332.
      • September 2013 (Revised June 2019)
      • Case

      Marquee: Reinventing the Business of Nightlife

      By: Anita Elberse, Ryan Barlow and Sheldon Wong
      In January 2013, nightlife impresarios Jason Strauss and Noah Tepperberg are celebrating the re-opening of their famed New York City–based nightclub Marquee. While most clubs are over within their first one and a half years, Strauss and Tepperberg managed to keep... View Details
      Keywords: Creative Industries; Nightlife; Service Management; Entertainment; Fashion; Celebrities; Event Marketing; Risk Management; Customer Relationship Management; Change Management; Supply Chain Management; Music Entertainment; Product Marketing; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Las Vegas
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      Elberse, Anita, Ryan Barlow, and Sheldon Wong. "Marquee: Reinventing the Business of Nightlife." Harvard Business School Case 514-028, September 2013. (Revised June 2019.)
      • Article

      Does the Classic Microfinance Model Discourage Entrepreneurship Among the Poor? Experimental Evidence from India

      By: Erica Field, Rohini Pande, John Papp and Natalia Rigol
      Do the repayment requirements of the classic microfinance contract inhibit investment in high-return but illiquid business opportunities among the poor? Using a field experiment, we compare the classic contract which requires that repayment begin immediately after loan... View Details
      Keywords: Microfinance; Poverty; Development Economics; Contracts
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      Field, Erica, Rohini Pande, John Papp, and Natalia Rigol. "Does the Classic Microfinance Model Discourage Entrepreneurship Among the Poor? Experimental Evidence from India." American Economic Review 103, no. 6 (October 2013): 2196–2226.
      • Article

      Spanning the Institutional Abyss: The Intergovernmental Network and the Governance of Foreign Direct Investment

      By: Juan Alcacer and Paul Ingram
      Global economic transactions such as foreign direct investment must extend over an institutional abyss between the jurisdiction, and therefore protection, of the states involved. Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), whose members are states, represent an important... View Details
      Keywords: Globalization; Market Transactions; Foreign Direct Investment; Government and Politics; Risk and Uncertainty; Networks; Culture; Complexity; Public Administration Industry
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Paul Ingram. "Spanning the Institutional Abyss: The Intergovernmental Network and the Governance of Foreign Direct Investment." American Journal of Sociology 118, no. 4 (January 2013).
      • October 2012
      • Article

      Securitization without Adverse Selection: The Case of CLOs

      By: Effi Benmelech, Jennifer Dlugosz and Victoria Ivashina
      In this paper, we investigate whether securitization was associated with risky lending in the corporate loan market by examining the performance of individual loans held by CLOs. We employ two different datasets that identify loan holdings for a large set of CLOs and... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Finance; Performance; Markets; Banks and Banking; Debt Securities; Investment Portfolio; Financing and Loans
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      Benmelech, Effi, Jennifer Dlugosz, and Victoria Ivashina. "Securitization without Adverse Selection: The Case of CLOs." Journal of Financial Economics 106, no. 1 (October 2012): 91–113.
      • 2012
      • Working Paper

      Risky Business: The Impact of Property Rights on Investment and Revenue in the Film Industry

      By: Venkat Kuppuswamy and Carliss Y. Baldwin
      Our paper tests a key prediction of property rights theory, specifically, that agents will respond to marginal incentives embedded in property rights when making non-contractible, revenue-enhancing investments (Grossman and Hart, 1986; Hart and Moore, 1990). Using rich... View Details
      Keywords: Property Rights; Property; Rights; Investment; Contracts; Revenue; Motivation and Incentives; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; United States
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      Kuppuswamy, Venkat, and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "Risky Business: The Impact of Property Rights on Investment and Revenue in the Film Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-007, July 2012. (Revised August 2012.)
      • May 2011 (Revised December 2011)
      • Case

      Stuyvesant Town - Peter Cooper Village: America's Largest Foreclosure

      By: Arthur I Segel, Gregory S. Feldman, James T. Liu and Elizabeth C. Williamson
      In July 2010, William Ackman, the founder of Pershing Square, is considering a potential new opportunity: the acquisition of the distressed Stuyvesant Town and Peter Cooper Village ("ST /PCV") complex. The property had recently been abandoned by its owners and had come... View Details
      Keywords: Property; Risk Management; Opportunities; Valuation; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Investment; Outcome or Result; Acquisition; North and Central America
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      Segel, Arthur I., Gregory S. Feldman, James T. Liu, and Elizabeth C. Williamson. "Stuyvesant Town - Peter Cooper Village: America's Largest Foreclosure." Harvard Business School Case 211-106, May 2011. (Revised December 2011.)
      • Article

      Optimal Value and Growth Tilts in Long-Horizon Portfolios

      By: Jakub W. Jurek and Luis M. Viceira
      We develop an analytical solution to the dynamic portfolio choice problem of an investor with power utility defined over wealth at a finite horizon, who faces a time-varying investment opportunity set, parameterized using a flexible vector autoregression. We apply this... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Private Equity; Investment; Investment Portfolio; Asset Pricing; Value
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      Jurek, Jakub W., and Luis M. Viceira. "Optimal Value and Growth Tilts in Long-Horizon Portfolios." Review of Finance 15, no. 1 (January 2011): 29–74.
      • February 2010
      • Other Article

      The Chilling Effect of Sarbanes Oxley: A Discussion of Sarbanes-Oxley and Corporate Risk-Taking

      By: Aiyesha Dey
      Bargeron, Lehn, and Zutter [2009. Sarbanes–Oxley and corporate risk-taking. Journal of Accounting and Economics, forthcoming] document that as compared with non-US firms, risk-taking by publicly traded companies in the US declined after the passage of the... View Details
      Keywords: Risk; Corporate Risk-taking; Risky Investments; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Dey, Aiyesha. "The Chilling Effect of Sarbanes Oxley: A Discussion of Sarbanes-Oxley and Corporate Risk-Taking." Journal of Accounting & Economics 49, nos. 1-2 (February 2010): 53–57.
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