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      • March 2025
      • Case

      Silicon Valley Bank: Gone in 36 Hours

      By: Jung Koo Kang, Krishna G. Palepu, Charles C.Y. Wang and David Lane
      This case examines factors contributing to the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) in March 2023, an event as unpredicted as it was quick. SVB funded nearly half of all U.S. venture-backed startups and at the end of 2022 held $173 billion in deposits, largely... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting Standards; Bank Runs; Financial Accounting; Financial Reporting; Social Media; Banks and Banking; Financing and Loans; Investment Portfolio; Interest Rates; Debt Securities; Risk and Uncertainty; Financial Statements; Risk Management; Failure; Fair Value Accounting; Credit; Corporate Governance; Financial Services Industry; Banking Industry; United States
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      Kang, Jung Koo, Krishna G. Palepu, Charles C.Y. Wang, and David Lane. "Silicon Valley Bank: Gone in 36 Hours." Harvard Business School Case 125-094, March 2025.
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Shifting Winds: DEI in Corporate America

      By: Clayton S. Rose, Maisie Wiltshire-Gordon and David Lane
      In the 2020s, intense and conflicting social and political pressures challenged organizational leaders around the world. Prominent among these were powerful competing views on workplace diversity, equity, and inclusion programs (DEI) in the United States. Public... View Details
      Keywords: Disruption; Leadership; Crisis Management; Risk Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Civil Society or Community; Social Issues; Talent and Talent Management; Customer Satisfaction; Diversity; Ethics; Corporate Accountability; Employees; Retention; Recruitment; Adaptation; Programs; Consulting Industry; Auto Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Motorcycle Industry; Technology Industry; Education Industry; United States; Massachusetts; Maryland; Tennessee; District of Columbia
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      Rose, Clayton S., Maisie Wiltshire-Gordon, and David Lane. "Shifting Winds: DEI in Corporate America." Harvard Business School Case 325-017, January 2025.
      • September 20, 2024
      • Article

      It’s Time to Unbundle ESG

      By: Aaron K. Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
      ESG is at an inflection point. It has come to represent a broad and inchoate aspiration for what business should be doing beyond maximizing shareholder value. With ESG advocates on the defensive, business leaders need a new roadmap to determine which factors to... View Details
      Keywords: ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Ratings; ESG Reporting; ESG Disclosure; Sustainability; Climate; Climate Finance; Climate Risk; Social Accounting; Investment; Governance; Safety; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Financial Services Industry
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      Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "It’s Time to Unbundle ESG." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 20, 2024).
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Finance Without Exotic Risk

      By: Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli, Rafael La Porta and Andrei Shleifer
      We address the joint hypothesis problem in cross-sectional asset pricing by using measured analyst expectations of earnings growth. We construct a firm-level measure of Expectations Based Returns (EBRs) that uses analyst forecast errors and revisions and shuts down any... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Return; Financial Markets; Behavioral Finance; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Bordalo, Pedro, Nicola Gennaioli, Rafael La Porta, and Andrei Shleifer. "Finance Without Exotic Risk." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 33004, September 2024.
      • February 2024 (Revised February 2024)
      • Case

      CLSA: Integrating ESG in Stock Valuation

      By: Shirley Lu, Aaron Yoon and Billy Chan
      In 2023, a senior financial analyst at the Hong Kong-based stock brokerage firm CLSA was surprised to see that, based on his calculations, the financial impact from climate risks on a major Indian cement manufacturing company’s projected earnings could be massive.... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Corporate Governance; Analysis; Stocks; Valuation; Environmental Sustainability; Financial Services Industry; Industrial Products Industry; Hong Kong; China; India; Asia
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      Lu, Shirley, Aaron Yoon, and Billy Chan. "CLSA: Integrating ESG in Stock Valuation." Harvard Business School Case 124-069, February 2024. (Revised February 2024.)
      • 2024
      • Article

      Financial Constraints and Short-Term Planning Are Linked to Flood Risk Adaptation Gaps in U.S. Cities

      By: Shirley Lu and Anya Nakhmurina
      Adaptation is critical in reducing the inevitable impact of climate change. Here we study cities’ adaptation to elevated flood risk by introducing a linguistic measure of adaptation extracted from financial disclosures of 431 US cities over 2013–2020. While cities with... View Details
      Keywords: City; Natural Disasters; Climate Change; Adaptation; Risk and Uncertainty; Strategic Planning
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      Lu, Shirley, and Anya Nakhmurina. "Financial Constraints and Short-Term Planning Are Linked to Flood Risk Adaptation Gaps in U.S. Cities." Art. 43. Communications Earth & Environment 5 (2024).
      • November 2023
      • Article

      Psychological Factors Underlying Attitudes toward AI Tools

      By: Julian De Freitas, Stuti Agarwal, B. Schmitt and N. Haslam
      What are the psychological factors driving attitudes toward AI tools, and how can resistance to AI systems be overcome when they are beneficial? In this perspective, we first organize the main sources of resistance into five main categories: opacity, emotionlessness,... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Self; AI and Machine Learning; Attitudes; Technology Adoption
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      De Freitas, Julian, Stuti Agarwal, B. Schmitt, and N. Haslam. "Psychological Factors Underlying Attitudes toward AI Tools." Nature Human Behaviour 7, no. 11 (November 2023): 1845–1854.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Market for Sharing Interest Rate Risk: Quantities and Asset Prices

      By: Ishita Sen, Umang Khetan, Jane Li and Ioana Neamtu
      We study the extent of interest rate risk sharing across the financial system using granular positions and transactions data in interest rate swaps. We show that pension and insurance (PF&I) sector emerges as a natural counterparty to banks and corporations: overall,... View Details
      Keywords: Interest Rates; Investment Funds; Banks and Banking; Insurance; Investment Banking; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Sen, Ishita, Umang Khetan, Jane Li, and Ioana Neamtu. "The Market for Sharing Interest Rate Risk: Quantities and Asset Prices." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-052, February 2024.
      • June 2023 (Revised February 2024)
      • Case

      Betting on Green Steel

      By: George Serafeim and Sofoklis Melissovas
      'Betting on Green Steel' traces the innovative journey embarked upon by a group of MBA students who have set out to conceive a novel steelmaker that pioneers the production of green steel. The ensemble is confronted with a series of critical choices that will shape the... View Details
      Keywords: Decarbonization; Sustainability Management; Technology; Industrialization; Climate Risk; Energy; Entrepreneurship; Environmental Sustainability; Technology Adoption; Climate Change; Innovation and Invention; Business Strategy; Family Business; Steel Industry; Middle East; India
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      Serafeim, George, and Sofoklis Melissovas. "Betting on Green Steel." Harvard Business School Case 123-101, June 2023. (Revised February 2024.)
      • December 7, 2022
      • Article

      Why Decentralized Crypto Platforms Are Weathering the Crash

      By: Shai Bernstein and Scott Duke Kominers
      In the past year, crypto markets dropped from $2.9 trillion in value to around $800 billion. In the wake of the collapse, crypto lenders and exchanges have been accused of fraud and other wrongdoing. What went wrong? One factor is competition. In theory, competition... View Details
      Keywords: Crypto Economy; Cryptocurrency; Financial Complexity; Financial Crisis; Decentralization; Decentralized Markets; Decentralized Autonomous Organizations; Finance; Market Design; Financial Services Industry
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      Bernstein, Shai, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Why Decentralized Crypto Platforms Are Weathering the Crash." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (December 7, 2022).
      • October 2022
      • Article

      When Does Moral Engagement Risk Triggering a Hypocrite Penalty?

      By: Jillian J. Jordan and Roseanna Sommers
      Society suffers when people stay silent on moral issues. Yet people who engage morally may appear hypocritical if they behave imperfectly themselves. Research reveals that hypocrites can—but do not always—trigger a “hypocrisy penalty,” whereby they are evaluated... View Details
      Keywords: Hypocrite; Dishonesty; Social Issues; Moral Sensibility; Public Opinion; Perception
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      Jordan, Jillian J., and Roseanna Sommers. "When Does Moral Engagement Risk Triggering a Hypocrite Penalty?" Art. 101404. Special Issue on Honesty and Deception edited by Maurice E. Schweitzer, Emma Levine. Current Opinion in Psychology 47 (October 2022).
      • April 2022 (Revised May 2022)
      • Case

      Mastercard Labs (A)

      By: Linda A. Hill, Sunil Gupta, Emily Tedards and Julia Kelley
      When Ajaypal (Ajay) Banga became the CEO of Mastercard in 2010, he shifted the company’s competitive focus from card networks to cash itself. Mastercard’s new vision of a “World Beyond Cash” distilled into a three-pronged framework: Grow the core business, Diversify... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Behavior; Culture; Culture Change; Organizational Adaptation; Organizational Effectiveness; Alignment; Leadership; Leadership Development; Innovation; Innovation Ecosystems; Ecosystem; Diversity; Collaboration; Co-creation; Learning Organizations; Empowerment; Globalization; Agility; Prototype; Experiment; Partnerships; Operating Model; Risk Management; Metrics; Payments; Financial Inclusion; Financial Industry; Ambidexterity; Corporate Innovation; Innovation Lab; Digital Transformation; Digital Strategy; Credit Cards; Innovation Leadership; Organizational Culture
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      Hill, Linda A., Sunil Gupta, Emily Tedards, and Julia Kelley. "Mastercard Labs (A)." Harvard Business School Case 422-080, April 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
      • April 2022 (Revised May 2022)
      • Case

      Mastercard Labs (A) (Abridged)

      By: Linda A. Hill, Sunil Gupta, Emily Tedards and Julia Kelley
      When Ajaypal (Ajay) Banga became the CEO of Mastercard in 2010, he shifted the company’s competitive focus from card networks to cash itself. Mastercard’s new vision of a “World Beyond Cash” distilled into a three-pronged framework: Grow the core business, Diversify... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Behavior; Culture; Organizational Culture; Culture Change; Organizational Adaptation; Organizational Effectiveness; Alignment; Leadership; Leadership Development; Innovation; Innovation Ecosystems; Diversity; Collaboration; Co-creation; Learning Organizations; Empowerment; Ecosystem; Agility; Prototype; Experiment; Partnerships; Operating Model; Risk Management; Metrics; Payments; Financial Inclusion; Financial Industry; Ambidexterity; Corporate Innovation; Innovation Lab; Accelerator; Start-up; Intrapreneurship; Competitive Strategy; Business Model; Technological Innovation; Growth and Development Strategy; Digital Transformation
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      Hill, Linda A., Sunil Gupta, Emily Tedards, and Julia Kelley. "Mastercard Labs (A) (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 422-082, April 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
      • March 21, 2022
      • Article

      Are the Risks of Global Supply Chains Starting to Outweigh the Rewards?

      By: Willy C. Shih
      The conflict in Ukraine is only the latest jolt to global supply chains. Disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, climate-related events, and geopolitical tensions were already undermining their rationale. As companies rethink sourcing, they will have to consider... View Details
      Keywords: Supply Chain Management; Supply Chain; Distribution; Globalization; Manufacturing Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; Asia; Europe
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      Shih, Willy C. "Are the Risks of Global Supply Chains Starting to Outweigh the Rewards?" Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (March 21, 2022).
      • January 2021 (Revised June 2021)
      • Case

      Hester Pharmaceuticals (A): A Pricing Dilemma

      By: Dante Roscini and John Masko
      In August 2019, the leadership of Hester Pharmaceuticals (Hester) had a problem. Italy promised to be a key market for their new breakthrough oncology drug Akrozumab, but for almost two years, its single-payer healthcare system had been unable to agree with Hester on a... View Details
      Keywords: Macroeconomics; Trade; Price; Global Range; Global Strategy; Globalized Markets and Industries; Health Care and Treatment; Patents; Monopoly; Negotiation; Business and Government Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Human Needs; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Pharmaceutical Industry; Italy
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      Roscini, Dante, and John Masko. "Hester Pharmaceuticals (A): A Pricing Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 721-001, January 2021. (Revised June 2021.)
      • October 2020 (Revised July 2023)
      • Case

      UCK Partners: Gong Cha

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Sangyun Lee
      In the Spring of 2017, Soomin Kim, Founding Partner of UCK Partners, and his team were debating the potential exit of UCK Partner’s investment in Gong Cha Korea, the sole local franchisor of the premium milk tea brand that they proprietarily sourced three years ago.... View Details
      Keywords: Exit; Strategic Decision Making; Private Equity; Investment; Strategy; Investment Return; Decision Making; Bids and Bidding
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Sangyun Lee. "UCK Partners: Gong Cha." Harvard Business School Case 221-040, October 2020. (Revised July 2023.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms

      By: Laura Alfaro, Oscar Becerra and Marcela Eslava
      Emerging economies are characterized by an extremely high prevalence of informality, small-firm employment and jobs not fit for working from home. These features factor into how the COVID-19 crisis has affected the economy. We develop a framework that, based on... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Emerging Economies; Informality; Firm-size Distribution; Health Pandemics; Developing Countries and Economies; Economy; System Shocks; Latin America
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      Alfaro, Laura, Oscar Becerra, and Marcela Eslava. "EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-125, June 2020. (See application of the methodology to Latin American Countries in the IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere 2020, Chapter 3. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/REO/WH/Issues/2020/10/13/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere.)
      • October 2019
      • Article

      Limited Investment Capital and Credit Spreads

      By: Emil N. Siriwardane
      Using proprietary credit default swap (CDS) data, I investigate how capital shocks at protection sellers impact pricing in the CDS market. Seller capital shocks—measured as CDS portfolio margin payments—account for 12% of the time-series variation in weekly spread... View Details
      Keywords: Credit Risk; Derivatives; Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Capital Markets; Credit; Financial Institutions
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      Siriwardane, Emil N. "Limited Investment Capital and Credit Spreads." Journal of Finance 74, no. 5 (October 2019): 2303–2347.
      • June 2019
      • Case

      ClearLife: From Prospect to Platform

      By: Alexander Braun, Lauren Cohen, Mauro Elvedi and Jiahua Xu
      ClearLife’s first product was a trading and analytics platform for participants in the U.S. life settlement market, the secondary market for life insurance. ClearLife played a key role in facilitating transactions and devising a common language for expressing value and... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Platforms; Insurance; Entrepreneurship; Expansion; Diversification; Strategy
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      Braun, Alexander, Lauren Cohen, Mauro Elvedi, and Jiahua Xu. "ClearLife: From Prospect to Platform." Harvard Business School Case 219-119, June 2019.
      • Article

      Health as a Way of Doing Business

      By: Howard Koh, Sara J. Singer and Amy C. Edmondson
      For too long, the worlds of business and health have been mired in a checkered, sometimes contentious, history. Millions of deaths worldwide can be attributed to risk factors including tobacco use, alcohol and drug misuse, and suboptimal dietary intake linked to... View Details
      Keywords: Health; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Public Opinion
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      Koh, Howard, Sara J. Singer, and Amy C. Edmondson. "Health as a Way of Doing Business." JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association 321, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 33–34.
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