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- Faculty Publications (65)
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- All HBS Web (138)
- Faculty Publications (65)
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- Article
Reciprocity and Uncertainty
By: Yoella Bereby-Meyer
Guala points to a discrepancy between strong negative reciprocity observed in the lab and the way cooperation is sustained "in the wild." This commentary suggests that in lab experiments, strong negative reciprocity is limited when uncertainty exists regarding the... View Details
Bereby-Meyer, Yoella. "Reciprocity and Uncertainty." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 35, no. 1 (February 2012): 18–19.
- Research Summary
Optimal Contracting with Reciprocal Agents
(with Florian Englmaier) (Job Market Paper)
Abstract: Empirically, compensation systems often seem to generate substantial effort despite weak incentives. We consider reciprocal motivations as a source of incentives. We solve for the optimal... View Details
- 2020
- Working Paper
Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity
By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf and Farzad Saidi
In SIR models, homogeneous or with a network structure, infection rates are assumed to be exogenous. However, individuals adjust their behavior. Using daily data for 89 cities worldwide, we document that mobility falls in response to fear, as approximated by Google... View Details
Keywords: Social Interactions; Pandemics; Mobility; Cities; SIR Networks; Social Preferences; Social Planner; Targeted Policies; Health Pandemics; Interpersonal Communication; Behavior; Policy
Alfaro, Laura, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf, and Farzad Saidi. "Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 27134, May 2020.
- June 2017
- Article
Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency
By: Ryan W. Buell, Tami Kim and Chia-Jung Tsay
We investigate whether organizations can create value by introducing visual transparency between consumers and producers. Although operational transparency has been shown to improve consumer perceptions of service value, existing theory posits that increased contact... View Details
Keywords: Operational Transparency; Service Management; Production Management; Organizational Performance; Behavioral Operations; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Consumer Behavior; Labor; Organizational Design; Operations; Service Industry; United States; Kenya
Buell, Ryan W., Tami Kim, and Chia-Jung Tsay. "Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency." Management Science 63, no. 6 (June 2017): 1673–1695.
- 2001
- Working Paper
Disclosure and Reciprocity in Bargaining with Communication
By: Kathleen L. McGinn, Leigh Thompson and Max Bazerman
- 01 Jul 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency
- Article
Changes in Negative Reciprocity as a Function of Age
By: Yoella Bereby-Meyer and Shelly Fiks
Standard economic models assume people exclusively pursue material self-interests in social interactions. However, people exhibit social preferences; that is, they base their choices partly on the outcomes others obtained in a social interaction. People care about... View Details
Bereby-Meyer, Yoella, and Shelly Fiks. "Changes in Negative Reciprocity as a Function of Age." Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 26, no. 4 (October 2013): 397–403.
- September 2016
- Article
When 3+1>4: Gift Structure and Reciprocity in the Field
By: Duncan S. Gilchrist, Michael Luca and Deepak Malhotra
Do higher wages elicit reciprocity and lead to increased productivity? In a field experiment with 266 employees, we find that paying higher wages, per se, does not have a discernible effect on productivity (in a context with no future employment opportunities).... View Details
Gilchrist, Duncan S., Michael Luca, and Deepak Malhotra. "When 3+1>4: Gift Structure and Reciprocity in the Field." Management Science 62, no. 9 (September 2016): 2639–2650.
- 01 Jul 2020
- Working Paper Summaries
Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity
- 2014
- Article
Paying It Forward: Generalized Reciprocity and the Limits of Generosity
By: Kurt Gray, Adrian F. Ward and Michael I. Norton
When people are the victims of greed or recipients of generosity, their first impulse is often to pay back that behavior in kind. What happens when people cannot reciprocate, but instead have the chance to be cruel or kind to someone entirely different—to pay it... View Details
Gray, Kurt, Adrian F. Ward, and Michael I. Norton. "Paying It Forward: Generalized Reciprocity and the Limits of Generosity." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 143, no. 1 (February 2014): 247–254.
- October 1973
- Article
Variable and Self-Service Costs in Reciprocal Allocation Models
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Keywords: Cost
Kaplan, Robert S. "Variable and Self-Service Costs in Reciprocal Allocation Models." Accounting Review 48 (October 1973): 738–748.
- September 2003
- Article
Attributions of Trust and the Calculus of Reciprocity
By: Madan M. Pillutla, Deepak Malhotra and J. Keith Murnighan
Keywords: Trust
Pillutla, Madan M., Deepak Malhotra, and J. Keith Murnighan. "Attributions of Trust and the Calculus of Reciprocity." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 39, no. 5 (September 2003): 448–455.
- 2009
- Chapter
Collaboration Across Knowledge Boundaries within Diverse Teams: Reciprocal Expertise Affirmation as an Enabling Condition
By: Amy C. Edmondson, Kate Roloff and Lucy H. MacPhail
We review research on expertise diversity, psychological safety, team collaboration, and role identity to propose a model in which reciprocal affirmations of expertise identity among team members—a feature of the team environment that we conceptualize as a dimension of... View Details
Keywords: Interpersonal Communication; Experience and Expertise; Learning; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Groups and Teams; Familiarity; Identity; Cooperation
Edmondson, Amy C., Kate Roloff, and Lucy H. MacPhail. "Collaboration Across Knowledge Boundaries within Diverse Teams: Reciprocal Expertise Affirmation as an Enabling Condition." In Exploring Positive Identities and Organizations: Building a Theoretical and Research Foundation, edited by Laura M. Roberts and Jane E. Dutton, 311–332. Psychology Press, 2009.
- January 2003
- Article
Dyadic Processes of Disclosure and Reciprocity in Bargaining with Communication
By: Kathleen L. McGinn, Leigh Thompson and Max H. Bazerman
McGinn, Kathleen L., Leigh Thompson, and Max H. Bazerman. "Dyadic Processes of Disclosure and Reciprocity in Bargaining with Communication." Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 16, no. 1 (January 2003): 17–34.
- 2008
- Working Paper
Positions of Power and Status: Reciprocity in the Venture Capital Industry
By: Mikolaj J. Piskorski
This paper proposes a straightforward way of differentiating between central network positions that confer power and those that confer status. I argue that actors achieve high status by receiving numerous exchanges from actors who in turn receive numerous exchanges... View Details
- Article
Returnable Reciprocity: Returnable Gifts Are More Effective than Unreturnable Gifts at Promoting Virtuous Behaviors
By: J.J. Zlatev and Rogers, T.
Increasing virtuous behaviors, such as initiating healthy habits, is an important goal for policymakers and social scientists. To promote compliance with requests to perform virtuous behaviors, we study “returnable reciprocity.” Whereas traditional reciprocity involves... View Details
Keywords: Nudges; Reciprocity; Want-should Conflicts; Wellness; Health; Behavior; Change; Well-being
Zlatev, J.J., and Rogers, T. "Returnable Reciprocity: Returnable Gifts Are More Effective than Unreturnable Gifts at Promoting Virtuous Behaviors." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 161, Supplement (November 2020): 74–84.
- 2007
- Other Unpublished Work
Positions of Power and Status: Reciprocity in the Venture Capital Industry
By: Mikolaj Jan Piskorski
This paper proposes a straightforward way of differentiating between central network positions that confer power from those that confer status. I argue that actors achieve high status by receiving numerous exchanges from actors who receive numerous exchanges from... View Details
Piskorski, Mikolaj Jan. "Positions of Power and Status: Reciprocity in the Venture Capital Industry." March 2007.