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      • Faculty Publications  (161)

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      • October 2024
      • Article

      How to Use Sales Assessments

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Judging a person’s fit for a sales job is complex, and research shows that managers greatly overrate their ability to predict someone’s performance on the basis of interviews. Hence, using assessments is a growing trend in sales hiring and training. This article... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Performance Evaluation; Sales
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "How to Use Sales Assessments." Top Sales Magazine (October 2024), 10–11.
      • September 2024
      • Exercise

      Assessing the Value of Unifying and De-Duplicating Customer Data

      By: Elie Ofek and Hema Yoganarasimhan
      This exercise provides an opportunity for students to gain hands on experience with assessing the value of unifying various customer databases that a firm may have (e.g., across the different brands it markets) and of properly identifying customers to avoid duplication... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Relationship Management; Measurement and Metrics; Analytics and Data Science; Value
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      Ofek, Elie, and Hema Yoganarasimhan. "Assessing the Value of Unifying and De-Duplicating Customer Data." Harvard Business School Exercise 525-023, September 2024.
      • July 2024
      • Article

      AI, ROI, and Sales Productivity

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Artificial intelligence (AI) is now a loose term for many different things and at the peak of its hype curve. So managers hitch-their-pitch to the term in arguing for resources. But like any technology, its business value depends upon actionable use cases embraced by... View Details
      Keywords: ROI; AI and Machine Learning; Sales; Investment Return
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "AI, ROI, and Sales Productivity." Top Sales Magazine (July 2024), 12–13.
      • May 2023
      • Article

      Where Sales Technology (Really) Helps

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Interest in Sales Enablement (SE), the catch-all term for attempts to increase sales productivity with AI and other technologies, is driven by multiple factors. One is the declining costs of the tools. Also, selling is now data-hungry work and not just in tech sectors.... View Details
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Where Sales Technology (Really) Helps." Top Sales Magazine (May 2023), 26–27.
      • September 2022
      • Case

      ROI vs. ROI: The Grupo Baobá Family Office

      By: Lauren Cohen, Hao Gao, Jiawei Ye and Grace Headinger
      Fernando Scodro, a third-generation member of his family, mulled over the next step in integrating an ESG strategy into his family office’s investment portfolio. While his family office, Grupo Baobá, had made excellent progress in incorporating his family’s values into... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; ESG; Green Building; Family; Partnership; Latin America; Brazil; Buildings and Facilities; Green Buildings; Family Business; Family and Family Relationships; Financial Management; Partners and Partnerships; Financial Services Industry; Brazil; Latin America
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      Cohen, Lauren, Hao Gao, Jiawei Ye, and Grace Headinger. "ROI vs. ROI: The Grupo Baobá Family Office." Harvard Business School Case 223-018, September 2022.
      • August 15, 2022
      • Article

      Preparing Sales for a Changing Economy: Part 2: Getting More from Your Training Spending

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      A previous article discussed changing business development requirements and some implications. This article discusses three areas that are fundamental to getting ROI from training initiatives and how engagement between Sales and L&D professionals, completed by smart... View Details
      Keywords: Training; Sales
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Preparing Sales for a Changing Economy: Part 2: Getting More from Your Training Spending." TrainingIndustry.com (August 15, 2022).
      • August 9, 2022
      • Article

      Preparing Sales for a Changing Economy: Part 1

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Companies spend more per capita on sales training than any other function, but the return on investment is disappointing. One recent estimate indicates “that 85-90% of sales training fails to translate into a lasting improvement in productivity.” A major reason is... View Details
      Keywords: Return On Investment; Sales; Training
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Preparing Sales for a Changing Economy: Part 1." TrainingIndustry.com (August 9, 2022).
      • August 2022
      • Case

      One Tiger Per Mountain: The He Family Office

      By: Lauren Cohen, Fei Wu and Grace Headinger
      Roy He, founder and majority shareholder of his family construction material production company, was preparing to pass down the family business through its first generational handover to his children. His decision would establish his familial legacy and set a precedent... View Details
      Keywords: Governance Structure; Family Business; Family Ownership; Strategic Planning; Family and Family Relationships; Leadership; Construction Industry; Canton (city, China); Canton (province, China); China
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      Cohen, Lauren, Fei Wu, and Grace Headinger. "One Tiger Per Mountain: The He Family Office." Harvard Business School Case 223-001, August 2022.
      • Article

      Do the Right Firms Survive Bankruptcy?

      By: Samuel Antill
      In U.S. Chapter 11 bankruptcy cases, firms are either reorganized, acquired, or liquidated. I show that decisions to liquidate often reduce creditor recovery, costing creditors billions of dollars every year. I exploit the within-district random assignment of... View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Bankruptcy Reorganization; Recovery Rate; Structural Estimation; Roy Model; 363 Sales; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Antill, Samuel. "Do the Right Firms Survive Bankruptcy?" Journal of Financial Economics 144, no. 2 (May 2022): 523–546.
      • October 2021
      • Article

      Nancy Koehn on Leadership Lessons from Rep. John Lewis and the Civil Rights Movement

      By: Nancy F. Koehn and Devjani Roy
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      "Nancy Koehn on Leadership Lessons from Rep. John Lewis and the Civil Rights Movement." GrowthPolicy (October 2021).
      • June 23, 2021
      • Article

      Research: When A/B Testing Doesn't Tell You the Whole Story

      By: Eva Ascarza
      When it comes to churn prevention, marketers traditionally start by identifying which customers are most likely to churn, and then running A/B tests to determine whether a proposed retention intervention will be effective at retaining those high-risk customers. While... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Retention; Churn; Targeting; Market Research; Marketing; Investment Return; Customers; Retention; Research
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      Ascarza, Eva. "Research: When A/B Testing Doesn't Tell You the Whole Story." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (June 23, 2021).
      • Winter 2021
      • Editorial

      Introduction

      By: Michael A. Wheeler
      This issue of Negotiation Journal is dedicated to the theme of artificial intelligence, technology, and negotiation. It arose from a Program on Negotiation (PON) working conference on that important topic held virtually on May 17–18. The conference was not the... View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Information Technology; Negotiation; AI and Machine Learning
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      Wheeler, Michael A. "Introduction." Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence, Technology, and Negotiation. Negotiation Journal 37, no. 1 (Winter 2021): 5–12.
      • September 2020
      • Case

      Judge Roy K. Altman: Presiding over the ‘Heart and Lungs’ of Democracy

      By: Francesca Gino and Jeff Huizinga
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      Gino, Francesca, and Jeff Huizinga. "Judge Roy K. Altman: Presiding over the ‘Heart and Lungs’ of Democracy." Harvard Business School Case 921-002, September 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Case

      In-housing Digital Marketing at Sprint Corp.

      By: David E. Bell, Rajiv Lal and Olivia Hull
      In the fall of 2019, Sprint’s Chief Digital Officer Rob Roy reflected on the telecom’s efforts to improve the effectiveness of its digital marketing campaigns. Digital media buying had long been handled by an outside agency, but in 2017, Sprint brought those functions... View Details
      Keywords: Advertising; Digital Marketing; Transformation; Talent and Talent Management; Marketing Strategy; Social Marketing; Telecommunications Industry; Electronics Industry; Web Services Industry; United States
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      Bell, David E., Rajiv Lal, and Olivia Hull. "In-housing Digital Marketing at Sprint Corp." Harvard Business School Case 520-026, June 2020.
      • May 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand

      By: Jill Avery
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 519-026. Shiseido was in the midst of a six year corporate turnaround, trying to reverse the effects of decades of under-investment in R&D and marketing that had led to a vicious cycle of declining customer support and brand value. Would... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Marketing ROI; Brand Portfolio Strategy; Growth Strategy; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Growth and Development Strategy; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Japan; Asia
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      Avery, Jill. "Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-116, May 2020.
      • April 2019 (Revised October 2020)
      • Case

      Kraft Heinz: The $8 Billion Brand Write-Down

      By: Jill Avery
      On Friday, February 22, 2019, following an unexpected and disappointing earnings report, The Kraft Heinz Company’s stock price fell 27%, wiping out $16 billion in market value. CEO Bernardo Hees had announced that the company had taken a $15.4 billion asset write-down,... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Value; Brand Equity; Marketing ROI; Brand Storytelling; Intangible Assets; Brand Valuation; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Management; Corporate Strategy; Consumer Behavior; Food; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Private Equity; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; North America
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      Avery, Jill. "Kraft Heinz: The $8 Billion Brand Write-Down." Harvard Business School Case 519-076, April 2019. (Revised October 2020.)
      • December 2018 (Revised October 2020)
      • Case

      Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand

      By: Jill Avery and Nobuo Sato
      Shiseido was in the midst of a six year corporate turnaround, trying to reverse the effects of decades of under-investment in R&D and marketing which had led to a cycle of declining customer support and brand value. Would the CEO’s VISION 2020 plan, centered on four... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Value; Turnaround; Brand Portfolio; Brand Communication; Global Brands; Digital Marketing; Return On Investment; Marketing ROI; Internet Marketing; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Value; Growth and Development Strategy; Investment Return; Consumer Behavior; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Japan; Asia
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      Avery, Jill, and Nobuo Sato. "Shiseido: Reinvesting in Brand." Harvard Business School Case 519-026, December 2018. (Revised October 2020.)
      • February 2018 (Revised October 2019)
      • Technical Note

      The Art and Science of Brand Valuation

      By: Jill Avery
      Brand valuation, the art and science of calculating the economic value accruing to a firm from its use of an intangible brand asset, yields frustratingly inconsistent, discrepant, and, therefore, controversial results. While it is widely accepted that brands are... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Valuation; Brand Value; Brand; Brand Management; Marketing ROI; Brand Equity; Analytics; Return On Investment; Brands and Branding; Valuation; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Investment Return; Consumer Behavior; Advertising Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Auto Industry; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Electronics Industry; Fashion Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Avery, Jill. "The Art and Science of Brand Valuation." Harvard Business School Technical Note 518-086, February 2018. (Revised October 2019.)
      • September 2017
      • Teaching Note

      Marketing Transformation at Mastercard

      By: Sunil Gupta and Srinivas K. Reddy
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 517-040. View Details
      Keywords: Mastercard; Financial Services; Ingredient Brand; B2B2C; Experiential Marketing; Digital Marketing; ROI; Marketing; Customer Focus and Relationships; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Brands and Branding; Internet and the Web; Investment Return; Financial Services Industry
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      Gupta, Sunil, and Srinivas K. Reddy. "Marketing Transformation at Mastercard." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 518-043, September 2017.
      • Article

      Your Sales Training Is Probably Lackluster. Here's How to Fix It

      By: Frank V. Cespedes and Yuchun Lee
      U.S. companies spend over $70 billion annually on training and an average of $1,459 per salesperson—almost 20% more than they spend on workers in all other functions. Yet, when it comes to equipping sales teams with relevant knowledge and skills, the ROI of sales... View Details
      Keywords: Salesforce Management; Training
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      Cespedes, Frank V., and Yuchun Lee. "Your Sales Training Is Probably Lackluster. Here's How to Fix It." Harvard Business Review (website) (June 12, 2017).
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