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    • All HBS Web  (1,063)
      • Faculty Publications  (108)

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      • January 2025
      • Case

      Moderna: Democratizing Artificial Intelligence

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov, Karim R. Lakhani, Annika Hildebrandt and James Weber
      The case study examines Moderna's journey in democratizing artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI, across its workforce. It details the company's "digital-first, AI-focused" approach, including the rollout of OpenAI's ChatGPT Enterprise to all... View Details
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Karim R. Lakhani, Annika Hildebrandt, and James Weber. "Moderna: Democratizing Artificial Intelligence." Harvard Business School Case 625-070, January 2025.
      • December 5, 2024
      • Article

      A Consensus Definition of Creativity in Surgery: A Delphi Study Protocol

      By: Alex Thabane, Tyler McKechnie, Phillip Staibano, Vikram Arora, Goran Calic, Jason W. Busse, Sameer Parpia and Mohit Bhandari
      Introduction
      Clear definitions are essential in science, particularly in the study of abstract phenomena like creativity. Due to its inherent complexity and domain-specific nature, the study of creativity has been complicated, as evidenced by the various... View Details
      Keywords: Creativity; Health Care and Treatment; Outcome or Result; Measurement and Metrics
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      Thabane, Alex, Tyler McKechnie, Phillip Staibano, Vikram Arora, Goran Calic, Jason W. Busse, Sameer Parpia, and Mohit Bhandari. "A Consensus Definition of Creativity in Surgery: A Delphi Study Protocol." PLoS ONE 19, no. 12 (December 5, 2024).
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Scaling Core Earnings Measurement with Large Language Models

      By: Matthew Shaffer and Charles CY Wang
      We study the application of large language models (LLMs) to the estimation of core earnings, i.e., a firm's persistent profitability from its core business activities. This construct is central to investors' assessments of economic performance and valuations. However,... View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Models; AI and Machine Learning; Accounting; Profit; Corporate Disclosure; Analytics and Data Science; Measurement and Metrics
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      Shaffer, Matthew, and Charles CY Wang. "Scaling Core Earnings Measurement with Large Language Models." Working Paper, November 2024.
      • June 2024
      • Article

      Enhancing Value and Well-Being: The Basket of Motivators Framework for Aligning Neurology Clinical Practices with Performance Outcomes

      By: Peter N. Hadar, Susanna Gallani and Lidia Moura
      Physician burnout, which is prevalent in neurology, has accelerated in recent years. While multifactorial, a major contributing factor to burnout is a payment model that rewards volume over quality, leaving physicians overburdened and unfulfilled. The aim of this... View Details
      Keywords: Compensation and Benefits; Personal Development and Career; Well-being; Motivation and Incentives
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      Hadar, Peter N., Susanna Gallani, and Lidia Moura. "Enhancing Value and Well-Being: The Basket of Motivators Framework for Aligning Neurology Clinical Practices with Performance Outcomes." Neurology: Clinical Practice 14, no. 1 (June 2024).
      • April 2024
      • Article

      A Machine Learning Algorithm Predicting Risk of Dilating VUR among Infants with Hydronephrosis Using UTD Classification

      By: Hsin-Hsiao Scott Wang, Michael Lingzhi Li, Dylan Cahill, John Panagides, Tanya Logvinenko, Jeanne Chow and Caleb Nelson
      Backgrounds: Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) classification has been designed to be a more objective grading system to evaluate antenatal and post-natal UTD. Due to unclear association between UTD classifications to specific anomalies such as vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR),... View Details
      Keywords: Health Disorders; Health Testing and Trials; AI and Machine Learning; Health Industry
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      Wang, Hsin-Hsiao Scott, Michael Lingzhi Li, Dylan Cahill, John Panagides, Tanya Logvinenko, Jeanne Chow, and Caleb Nelson. "A Machine Learning Algorithm Predicting Risk of Dilating VUR among Infants with Hydronephrosis Using UTD Classification." Journal of Pediatric Urology 20, no. 2 (April 2024): 271–278.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Greenlighting Innovative Projects: How Evaluation Format Shapes the Perceived Feasibility of Early-Stage Ideas

      By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Simon Friis, Tianxi Cai, Michael Menietti, Griffin Weber and Eva C. Guinan
      The evaluation of innovative early-stage projects is essential for allocating limited resources. We investigate how the evaluation format affects the identification of feasibility issues through a field experiment at a leading research university. Experts were... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation Evaluation; Evaluation Criteria; Feasibility Assessment; Attention Allocation; Cognitive Mechanisms; Field Experiment; Research; Performance Evaluation; Innovation and Invention; Prejudice and Bias
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      Lane, Jacqueline N., Simon Friis, Tianxi Cai, Michael Menietti, Griffin Weber, and Eva C. Guinan. "Greenlighting Innovative Projects: How Evaluation Format Shapes the Perceived Feasibility of Early-Stage Ideas." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-064, March 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
      • August 2023 (Revised October 2023)
      • Case

      Beyond the Barricades: Chile 2023

      By: Debora Spar, Willis Emmons, Leonard A. Schlesinger and Ruth Costas
      Chile, often considered among Latin America's greatest economic success stories, suffered a shocking wave of protests in October 2019, as its citizens demanded reforms across healthcare and education systems, and protested inequality and rising costs of living. As... View Details
      Keywords: Government Administration; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Growth; Social Issues; Wealth and Poverty; Public Opinion; Equality and Inequality; Public Administration Industry; Chile; Latin America; South America
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      Spar, Debora, Willis Emmons, Leonard A. Schlesinger, and Ruth Costas. "Beyond the Barricades: Chile 2023." Harvard Business School Case 324-005, August 2023. (Revised October 2023.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      How Wicked Problems Drive Business Performance: A Review of the Academic Literature

      By: Caroline Adelson, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price and Marco Iansiti
      Recent years have seen a rise in the number of businesses engaged in the pursuit of “purposeful” activities – that is, activities that engage with the broader community in ways that expand beyond the pursuit of shareholder value. Many of these activities involve... View Details
      Keywords: Wicked Problems; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Performance
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      Adelson, Caroline, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price, and Marco Iansiti. "How Wicked Problems Drive Business Performance: A Review of the Academic Literature." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-064, April 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Article

      Psychological Safety Comes of Age: Observed Themes in an Established Literature

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Derrick P. Bransby
      Since its renaissance in the 1990s, psychological safety research has flourished—a boom motivated by recognition of the challenge of navigating uncertainty and change. Today, its theoretical and practical significance is amplified by the increasingly complex and... View Details
      Keywords: Safety; Risk and Uncertainty; Leadership; Working Conditions; Research; Performance; Learning; Organizational Culture
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Derrick P. Bransby. "Psychological Safety Comes of Age: Observed Themes in an Established Literature." Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 10 (January 2023): 55–78.
      • 2022
      • Book

      Private Equity

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Steven N. Kaplan
      This Advanced Introduction provides an illustrative guide to private equity, integrating insights from academic research with examples to derive practical recommendations. Paul Gompers and Steven Kaplan begin by reviewing the history of private equity then exploring... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Investment Funds; Value Creation
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Steven N. Kaplan. Private Equity. Elgar Advanced Introductions. London: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
      • July 8, 2022
      • Article

      How to Conduct a Great Performance Review

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Dissatisfaction with performance appraisals is pervasive, but they remain an essential managerial responsibility. The purpose of performance reviews is two-fold: an accurate and actionable evaluation of performance, and then development of that person’s skills in line... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Review; Feedback; Employees; Management Skills
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "How to Conduct a Great Performance Review." Harvard Business Review (website) (July 8, 2022).
      • March 2022
      • Article

      Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinician Ambulatory Electronic Health Record Use

      By: A Jay Holmgren, Lance Downing, Mitchell Tang, Christopher Sharp, Christopher Longhurst and Robert S. Huckman
      Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic changed clinician electronic health record (EHR) work in a multitude of ways. To evaluate how, we measure ambulatory clinician EHR use in the United States throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

      Materials and Methods: We use EHR... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Electronic Health Records; Productivity; COVID-19 Pandemic; Health Care and Treatment; Health Pandemics; Information Technology; Performance Productivity; United States
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      Holmgren, A Jay, Lance Downing, Mitchell Tang, Christopher Sharp, Christopher Longhurst, and Robert S. Huckman. "Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinician Ambulatory Electronic Health Record Use." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 29, no. 3 (March 2022): 453–460.
      • 2021
      • Chapter

      Digital Infrastructure

      By: Shane Greenstein
      What determines the supply of innovative digital infrastructure and how does variance in supply shape the performance of digital services? The essay reviews research into the economic impact of deployment, innovation, and adoption of digital infrastructure. It... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Infrastructure; Economics; Policy; Research; Analysis; United States
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      Greenstein, Shane. "Digital Infrastructure." In Economic Analysis and Infrastructure Investment, edited by Edward L. Glaeser and James Poterba. National Bureau of Economic Research, and University of Chicago Press, 2021.
      • September 2021
      • Case

      Tonya Thayer

      By: David Fubini
      Tonya Thayer, Senior Partner and leader of the Consumer Package Goods practice at Sinclair Consulting, must evaluate Alan Henderson, a Principal (junior) Partner and a key member within CPG, as the six-month update on his progress and development nears. While prior... View Details
      Keywords: Advice Giving; Performance Review; Performance Evaluation; Personal Development and Career
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      Fubini, David. "Tonya Thayer." Harvard Business School Case 422-022, September 2021.
      • July 2021
      • Case

      Performance Review: Joseph Park and Elena Ramírez

      By: David G. Fubini and Patrick Sanguineti
      Niya Jones, a Partner at a major management consulting firm, must review the work of two of her mentees––Joseph Park and Elena Ramírez––for their first end-of-year performance review as new Project Leaders. Both have produced strong results in their new roles, but... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Management Style; Goals and Objectives; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Leadership Style
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      Fubini, David G., and Patrick Sanguineti. "Performance Review: Joseph Park and Elena Ramírez." Harvard Business School Case 422-008, July 2021.
      • May 2021
      • Article

      Value-Based Healthcare in Urology: A Collaborative Review

      By: Chanan Reitblat, Paul A. Bain, Michael E. Porter, David N. Bernstein, Thomas W. Feeley, Markus Graefen, Santosh Iyer, Matthew J. Resnick, C.J. Stimson, Quoc-Dien Trinh and Boris Gershman
      Context:
      In response to growing concerns over rising costs and major variation in quality, improving value for patients has been proposed as a fundamentally new strategy for how healthcare should be delivered, measured, and... View Details
      Keywords: Value-based Healthcare; Integrated Practice Units; Outcome Measurement; Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care and Treatment; Value; Cost Management; Strategy; Outcome or Result; Measurement and Metrics
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      Reitblat, Chanan, Paul A. Bain, Michael E. Porter, David N. Bernstein, Thomas W. Feeley, Markus Graefen, Santosh Iyer, Matthew J. Resnick, C.J. Stimson, Quoc-Dien Trinh, and Boris Gershman. "Value-Based Healthcare in Urology: A Collaborative Review." European Urology 79, no. 5 (May 2021): 571–585.
      • 18 Feb 2021
      • Interview

      Amy Edmondson: Are You Missing One of Your Most Important Jobs as a Manager?

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Chris Clearfield
      During our conversation, we talked about:

      • The renewed interest in the concept of psychological safety
      • J.D. Thompson’s notion of “reciprocal coordination needs”
      • How knowledge work does not produce objective or mechanical... View Details
      Keywords: Psychological Safety; Management Skills; Management Style; Interpersonal Communication
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      "Amy Edmondson: Are You Missing One of Your Most Important Jobs as a Manager?" Episode 18. The Breakdown with Chris Clearfield (podcast), February 18, 2021.
      • October 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      Investing at Pivotal Ventures

      By: Emil N. Siriwardane, Emily R. McComb and Eren Kuzucu
      Launched in 2015 by Melinda Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Pivotal Ventures is an investment and incubation company. The company aims to support and promote transformational ideas, people and organizations, and advance social progress for women... View Details
      Keywords: Investment; Management; Mission and Purpose; Venture Capital
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      Siriwardane, Emil N., Emily R. McComb, and Eren Kuzucu. "Investing at Pivotal Ventures." Harvard Business School Case 221-033, October 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Article

      Research on Corporate Sustainability: Review and Directions for Future Research

      By: Jody Grewal and George Serafeim
      We review the literature on corporate sustainability and provide directions for future research. Our review focuses on three actions: measuring, managing and communicating corporate sustainability performance. Measurement is the least developed of the three and... View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Sustainability Reporting; Sustainability Management; Nonfinancial Disclosure; Nonfinancial Information; Nonfinancial Performance; Materiality; ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Disclosure; ESG Disclosure Metrics; ESG Ratings; ESG Reporting; Inequality; Corporate Social Responsibility; Accounting; Finance; Management; Strategy; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Diversity; Equality and Inequality; Corporate Disclosure; Measurement and Metrics; Corporate Governance; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
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      Grewal, Jody, and George Serafeim. "Research on Corporate Sustainability: Review and Directions for Future Research." Foundations and Trends® in Accounting 14, no. 2 (2020): 73–127.
      • Article

      The Inpatient Discharge Lounge as a Potential Mechanism to Mitigate Emergency Department Boarding and Crowding

      By: Brian Franklin, Sharif Vakili, Robert S. Huckman, Sarah Hosein, Nicholas Falk, Katherine Cheng, Maria Murray, Sheila Harris, Charles A. Morris and Eric Goralnick
      Delayed access to inpatient beds for admitted patients contributes significantly to emergency department (ED) boarding and crowding, which have been associated with deleterious patient safety effects. To expedite inpatient bed availability, some hospitals have... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care Delivery; Emergency Room; Operations Improvement; Operations Management; Health Care and Treatment; Service Delivery; Operations; Management; Performance Improvement; Service Operations
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      Franklin, Brian, Sharif Vakili, Robert S. Huckman, Sarah Hosein, Nicholas Falk, Katherine Cheng, Maria Murray, Sheila Harris, Charles A. Morris, and Eric Goralnick. "The Inpatient Discharge Lounge as a Potential Mechanism to Mitigate Emergency Department Boarding and Crowding." Annals of Emergency Medicine 75, no. 6 (June 2020): 704–714.
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