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- All HBS Web
(8,327)
- People (12)
- News (1,831)
- Research (5,190)
- Events (48)
- Multimedia (35)
- Faculty Publications (3,103)
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- 2017
- Working Paper
Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and its Relation to Firm Performance
By: Ethan Rouen
I develop measures of firm-level pay disparity and examine their relation to firm accounting performance. Using comprehensive compensation data for a large sample of firms, I find no statistically significant relation between the ratio of CEO-to-mean employee... View Details
Keywords: Pay Disparity; Pay Ratio; CEO Pay Ratio; Income Inequality; Executive Compensation; Wages; Equality and Inequality; Business Ventures; Performance
Rouen, Ethan. "Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and its Relation to Firm Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-007, July 2017.
- January 2020
- Article
Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance
By: Ethan Rouen
I develop measures of firm-level pay disparity and examine their relation to firm performance. Using comprehensive compensation data for a large sample of firms, I find no statistically significant relation between the ratio of CEO-to-mean employee compensation and... View Details
Keywords: Pay Disparity; Pay Ratio; CEO Pay Ratio; Income Inequality; Executive Compensation; Employees; Wages; Equality and Inequality; Business Ventures; Performance
Rouen, Ethan. "Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance." Accounting Review 95, no. 1 (January 2020): 343–378.
- September 2005 (Revised October 2005)
- Supplement
Performance Pay for MGOA Physicians (B)
Beaulieu, Nancy D., Jason R. Barro, and Aaron M.G. Zimmerman. "Performance Pay for MGOA Physicians (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 906-005, September 2005. (Revised October 2005.)
- September 2003 (Revised October 2005)
- Case
Performance Pay for MGOA Physicians (A)
Examines the transition of an orthopedic surgical group at a premier teaching and research hospital from a system in which the surgeons are compensated with flat salaries to a system where they are compensated based on profitability. Allows for an examination of... View Details
Keywords: Value Creation; Motivation and Incentives; Nonprofit Organizations; Health Care and Treatment; Compensation and Benefits; Health Industry
Barro, Jason R., Kevin J. Bozic, and Aaron Zimmerman. "Performance Pay for MGOA Physicians (A)." Harvard Business School Case 904-028, September 2003. (Revised October 2005.)
- 2012
- Working Paper
Pay Dispersion and Work Performance
By: Alessandro Bucciol and Marco Piovesan
The effect of intra-firm pay dispersion on work performance is controversial and the empirical evidence is mixed. High pay dispersion may act as an extra incentive for employees' effort or it may reduce motivation and team cohesiveness. These effects can also coexist... View Details
Bucciol, Alessandro, and Marco Piovesan. "Pay Dispersion and Work Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-075, February 2012.
- winter 1994
- Article
Creating Pay for Performance in Troubled Companies
By: S. C. Gilson and M. R. Vetsuypens
Gilson, S. C., and M. R. Vetsuypens. "Creating Pay for Performance in Troubled Companies." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 6, no. 4 (winter 1994): 81–92.
- 2008
- Case
ProvenCare: Geisinger Health System and Pay for Performance
By: Jonathan R. Clark and Meredith B. Rosenthal
- June 2000 (Revised December 2001)
- Case
Performance Pay at Safelite Auto Glass (A)
By: Brian J. Hall, Edward Lazear and Carleen Madigan
Describes a company's changing of its compensation and incentive plan. In particular, it shows how a change from hourly pay to piece rate pay (for windshield installers) affected productivity, pay, and turnover. View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Performance Productivity; Change; Compensation and Benefits; Service Industry; Auto Industry
Hall, Brian J., Edward Lazear, and Carleen Madigan. "Performance Pay at Safelite Auto Glass (A)." Harvard Business School Case 800-291, June 2000. (Revised December 2001.)
- November 2018 (Revised July 2023)
- Case
The Weir Group: Reforming Executive Pay (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine and Federica Gabrieli
In February 2018, the Remuneration Committee together with the full Board of Directors of the Scotland-based engineering company The Weir Group had to decide whether to seek a shareholder vote at the upcoming Annual General Meeting in April on a proposal to reform the... View Details
Keywords: General Management; Board Of Directors; Executive Committees; Human Resource Management; Compensation; Pay For Performance; Incentives; Bonuses; Incentive Programs; Employee Stock Ownership Plans; Performance Measurement; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Human Resources; Management; Executive Compensation; Change; Performance Evaluation; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Europe; United Kingdom; Scotland
Paine, Lynn S., and Federica Gabrieli. "The Weir Group: Reforming Executive Pay (A)." Harvard Business School Case 319-046, November 2018. (Revised July 2023.)
- April 2010
- Article
Executive Pay and 'Independent' Compensation Consultants
By: K. J. Murphy and Tatiana Sandino
Executive compensation consultants face potential conflicts of interest that can lead to higher recommended levels of CEO pay, including the desires to "cross-sell" services and to secure "repeat business." We find evidence in both the US and Canada that CEO pay is... View Details
Keywords: Compensation Consultants; Conflicts Of Interest; CEO Pay; Board Of Directors; Director Pay; Disclosure; Conflict of Interests; Governing and Advisory Boards; Corporate Disclosure; Executive Compensation; Corporate Governance; Consulting Industry; Canada; United States
Murphy, K. J., and Tatiana Sandino. "Executive Pay and 'Independent' Compensation Consultants." Journal of Accounting & Economics 49, no. 3 (April 2010): 247–262.
- April 1990
- Article
Performance Pay and Top Management Incentives
By: Michael C. Jensen and Kevin J. Murphy
Jensen, Michael C., and Kevin J. Murphy. "Performance Pay and Top Management Incentives." Journal of Political Economy 98, no. 2 (April 1990): 225–265. (Reprinted in Michael C. Jensen, Foundations of Organizational Strategy, Harvard University Press, 1998.)
- August 2015 (Revised December 2016)
- Case
Apple Pay
By: Sunil Gupta, Shelle Santana and Margaret L. Rodriguez
On September 9, 2014, in front of a packed audience in Cupertino, CA, Tim Cook, the chief executive officer of Apple, announced the much anticipated launch of Apple Pay. "Our vision is to replace this [wallet] and we are going to start with payments." Cook then invited... View Details
Keywords: Technology; Digital Services And Strategy; Launch; Mobile; Mobile Payments; Apple; Payments; Smartphone; Apple Pay; Eddy Cue; Jennifer Bailey; iOS; Iphone; Marketing; Product; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Product Launch; Finance; Credit Cards; Technology Industry; Banking Industry; United States; United Kingdom
Gupta, Sunil, Shelle Santana, and Margaret L. Rodriguez. "Apple Pay." Harvard Business School Case 516-027, August 2015. (Revised December 2016.)
- April 2018
- Article
Consumers Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher CEO-to-Worker Pay Ratios
By: Bhavya Mohan, Tobias Schlager, Rohit Deshpandé and Michael I. Norton
We document a novel driver of consumer behavior: pay ratio disclosure. Swiss corporation performance data gathered during a legally mandated pay ratio referendum reveals that salient high pay ratios are associated with decreased firm sales (Pilot Study). An... View Details
Keywords: Pay Ratio; Wage Fairness; Purchase Intention; Customers; Wages; Fairness; Consumer Behavior
Mohan, Bhavya, Tobias Schlager, Rohit Deshpandé, and Michael I. Norton. "Consumers Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher CEO-to-Worker Pay Ratios." Special Issue on Marketplace Morality. Journal of Consumer Psychology 28, no. 2 (April 2018): 344–352.
- June 2000 (Revised December 2001)
- Case
Performance Pay at Safelite Auto Glass (B)
By: Brian J. Hall, Edward Lazear and Carleen Madigan
Supplements the (A) case. View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Performance Productivity; Change; Compensation and Benefits; Service Industry; Auto Industry
Hall, Brian J., Edward Lazear, and Carleen Madigan. "Performance Pay at Safelite Auto Glass (B)." Harvard Business School Case 800-292, June 2000. (Revised December 2001.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19
By: Bhavya Mohan, Serena Hagerty and Michael Norton
Two experiments, including one incentive compatible study, examine the impact of cutting pay for executives versus employees in response to COVID-19 on consumer behavior. Study 1 explores the effect of announcing cuts or no cuts to CEO and employee pay, and shows that... View Details
Keywords: Employee Furloughs; CEO Pay Cuts; Pay Ratios; Purchase Intention; Health Pandemics; Employees; Wages; Executive Compensation; Consumer Behavior
Mohan, Bhavya, Serena Hagerty, and Michael Norton. "Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-020, August 2020.
- June 2025
- Article
Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap
By: June Huang and Shirley Lu
We study whether voluntary gender diversity disclosure is predictive of gender diversity performance. Exploiting a mandate in the United Kingdom that requires firms to disclose 2017 gender pay gap ("GPG") data for the first time, we find that providing voluntary gender... View Details
Huang, June, and Shirley Lu. "Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap." Accounting, Organizations and Society 114 (June 2025).
- August 2013
- Article
The Timing of Pay
By: Christopher Parsons and E. Van Wesep
There exists large and persistent variation in not only how, but when employees are paid, a fact unexplained by existing theory. This paper develops a simple model of optimal pay timing for firms. When workers have self-control problems, they under-save... View Details
Keywords: Payday Lending; Hyperbolic Discounting; Self-control Problems; Pay Frequency; Payday Loan Legislation; Paycheck Frequency; Time Inconsistency; Wages; Behavior; Employee Relationship Management
Parsons, Christopher, and E. Van Wesep. "The Timing of Pay." Journal of Financial Economics 109, no. 2 (August 2013): 373–397.
- 09 Jul 2001
- Research & Ideas
Does Misery Love Companies? How Social Performance Pays Off
history of empirical work on the search for a relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP). Second, we critically appraise... View Details
Keywords: by Joshua D. Margolis & James P. Walsh
- 11 Aug 2017
- Working Paper Summaries
Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance
Keywords: by Ethan Rouen