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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (5,373)
      • Faculty Publications  (36)

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      • July–August 2025
      • Article

      How to Identify the Perfect Cofounder

      By: Julia Austin
      One of the first and most important decisions entrepreneurs make is whether to go it alone or bring on cofounders. Many investors favor startups with multiple founders, believing that a team reduces business risk by diversifying skills, sharing responsibilities, and... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Partners and Partnerships; Experience and Expertise
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      Austin, Julia. "How to Identify the Perfect Cofounder." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 4 (July–August 2025): 108–117.
      • March 7, 2025
      • Article

      Leaders Can Move Fast and Fix Things

      By: Frances X. Frei and Anne Morriss
      The assumption embedded in Silicon Valley’s famous “move fast and break things” ethos is that we can either make progress or take care of people, one or the other. A certain amount of wreckage is the price we have to pay for creating the future. The authors have spent... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Leading Change; Performance Efficiency
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      Frei, Frances X., and Anne Morriss. "Leaders Can Move Fast and Fix Things." Harvard Business Review (website) (March 7, 2025).
      • September–October 2024
      • Article

      Where Data-Driven Decision-Making Can Go Wrong

      By: Michael Luca and Amy C. Edmondson
      When considering internal data or the results of a study, often business leaders either take the evidence presented as gospel or dismiss it altogether. Both approaches are misguided. What leaders need to do instead is conduct rigorous discussions that assess any... View Details
      Keywords: Information; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis; Decision Making
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      Luca, Michael, and Amy C. Edmondson. "Where Data-Driven Decision-Making Can Go Wrong." Harvard Business Review 102, no. 5 (September–October 2024): 80–89.
      • May 2024
      • Case

      Net Protections (A)

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Nobuo Sato and Akiko Kanno
      In Case A, set in early 2017, Net Protections (NP) is the largest Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) fintech service in Japan and is experiencing a slowdown in growth of its core product, NP Atobarai. Launched in 2002 as non-membership service, the NP Atobarai product has given... View Details
      Keywords: Product Positioning; Demand and Consumers; E-commerce; Customers; Business Model; Financial Services Industry; Japan
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Nobuo Sato, and Akiko Kanno. "Net Protections (A)." Harvard Business School Case 724-395, May 2024.
      • 2023
      • Book

      Move Fast and Fix Things: The Trusted Leader's Guide to Solving Hard Problems

      By: Frances X. Frei and Anne Morriss
      Speed has gotten a bad name in business, much of it deserved. When Facebook made "Move fast and break things" an informal company motto, it fueled a widely held belief that we can either make progress or take care of people, one or the other. That a certain amount of... View Details
      Keywords: Leading Change; Performance Improvement; Problems and Challenges; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture
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      Frei, Frances X., and Anne Morriss. Move Fast and Fix Things: The Trusted Leader's Guide to Solving Hard Problems. Harvard Business Review Press, 2023.
      • January–February 2023
      • Article

      The Overlooked Key to a Successful Scale-Up

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Davide Sola and Martin Kupp
      Many start-ups experience enormous popularity and runaway growth, but only a few go on to become stable giants. What separates them from the pack? They all go through a developmental stage called extrapolation, say three business school professors.
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      Keywords: Entrepreneurship And Strategy; Scalability; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Entrepreneurship
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Davide Sola, and Martin Kupp. "The Overlooked Key to a Successful Scale-Up." Harvard Business Review (January–February 2023): 56–65.
      • November 2022
      • Technical Note

      Leader Action Orientations

      By: Ryan Raffaelli, Akshaya Varghese and Laura Weimer
      Leaders are responsible for planning and executing actions that advance organizational goals. As individuals gain career experience, they tend to develop and rely on implicit mental models that shape how they go about “getting things done.” Without knowing it, most... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership Development; Prejudice and Bias; Cognition and Thinking; Decision Making; Behavior
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      Raffaelli, Ryan, Akshaya Varghese, and Laura Weimer. "Leader Action Orientations." Harvard Business School Technical Note 423-050, November 2022.
      • 14 Jan 2022
      • Interview

      Why We Need to Think of the Office as a Tool, with Very Specific Uses, Interview with Adi Ignatius

      By: Tsedal Neeley and Adi Ignatius
      HBR professor Tsedal Neeley has focused for years on a pair of essential business imperatives: how to go global, and how to become truly digital. More recently she has established herself as an expert in the nitty gritty aspects of the new workplace – how to hire and... View Details
      Keywords: Technology Adoption; Buildings and Facilities; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      "Why We Need to Think of the Office as a Tool, with Very Specific Uses, Interview with Adi Ignatius." The New World of Work, Harvard Business Review Video Series Series, Harvard Business Publishing, January 14, 2022.
      • September 28, 2021
      • Editorial

      A Guide to Implementing the 4-Day Workweek

      By: A.V. Whillans and Charlotte Lockhart
      As organizations continue to explore a variety of flexible work options, one promising avenue is the four-day workweek: The standard 40 hours per week is reduced to 32 hours, with the same pay and the same productivity expectations. Research suggests reducing hours can... View Details
      Keywords: Workweek; Stress; Employees; Health; Performance Productivity; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Whillans, A.V., and Charlotte Lockhart. "A Guide to Implementing the 4-Day Workweek." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 28, 2021).
      • July–August 2021
      • Article

      SPACs: What You Need to Know

      By: Max Bazerman and Paresh Patel
      Special purpose acquisition companies, or SPACs, have been around in various forms for decades, but during the past two years they’ve taken off in the United States. In 2019, 59 were created, with $13 billion invested; in 2020, 247 were created, with $80 billion... View Details
      Keywords: Special Purpose Acquisition Companies; SPACs; Mergers and Acquisitions; Going Public; Investment
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      Bazerman, Max, and Paresh Patel. "SPACs: What You Need to Know." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 4 (July–August 2021): 102–111.
      • 16 Jun 2021
      • Interview

      Harvard Business School: How to Build Fearless Organizations

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Ron Lovett
      Our guest is Amy Edmondson - Professor of Leadership and Management at Harvard Business School. Amy has authored multiple books, including her most recent, The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation and... View Details
      Keywords: Psychological Safety; Organizational Culture; Leadership; Diversity; Communication
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      "Harvard Business School: How to Build Fearless Organizations." No. 51. Scaling Culture (podcast), June 16, 2021.
      • May–June 2021
      • Article

      Eliminate Strategic Overload

      By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee
      As companies respond to intensifying competitive pressures and challenges, they ask more and more of their employees. But organizations often have very little to show for the efforts of their talented and engaged workers. By selecting fewer initiatives with greater... View Details
      Keywords: Strategic Initiatives; Value-based Strategy; Organizational Effectiveness; Strategy; Value Creation
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      Oberholzer-Gee, Felix. "Eliminate Strategic Overload." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 3 (May–June 2021): 88–97.
      • March 29, 2021
      • Editorial

      Research: A Little Recognition Can Provide a Big Morale Boost

      By: Shibeal O'Flaherty, Michael Sanders and A.V. Whillans
      As organizations large and small face the twin challenges of increasingly strained budgets and burned out workforces, what can managers do to keep employees engaged—without breaking the bank? In this piece, the authors share new research on the power of symbolic awards... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation; Psychology; Work; Employees; Motivation and Incentives; Social Psychology
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      O'Flaherty, Shibeal, Michael Sanders, and A.V. Whillans. "Research: A Little Recognition Can Provide a Big Morale Boost." Harvard Business Review (website) (March 29, 2021).
      • March 2021 (Revised March 2024)
      • Case

      M-KOPA: Empowering Lives

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan, Wale Lawal and Pippa Tubman Armerding
      The Pay As You Go solar power company in East Africa had sales of $71 million in 2019. It wished to grow to $300 million by 2025. M-KOPA, founded by three entrepreneurs in 2011, had grown nicely in Kenya and Uganda to reach nearly 750,000 households with an innovative... View Details
      Keywords: Mobile Payment; Go-to-market Strategy; Business At The Base Of The Pyramid; Business Growth; Social Entrepreneurship; Renewable Energy; Business Model; Growth and Development Strategy; Expansion; Marketing Strategy; Developing Countries and Economies; Kenya; Uganda; Nigeria
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, Wale Lawal, and Pippa Tubman Armerding. "M-KOPA: Empowering Lives." Harvard Business School Case 521-085, March 2021. (Revised March 2024.)
      • August 6, 2020
      • Article

      Companies Must Go Beyond Random Acts of Humanitarianism

      By: Frank Cooper and Ranjay Gulati
      Any organization can write a check or mobilize resources when confronted with a crisis such as the Covid-19 pandemic or a social movement such as Black Lives Matter. But corporate crisis response becomes much more meaningful when stakeholders know that the organization... View Details
      Keywords: Mission and Purpose; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
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      Cooper, Frank, and Ranjay Gulati. "Companies Must Go Beyond Random Acts of Humanitarianism." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (August 6, 2020).
      • 2020
      • Book

      The Power of Experiments: Decision-Making in a Data-Driven World

      By: Michael Luca and Max H. Bazerman
      Have you logged into Facebook recently? Searched for something on Google? Chosen a movie on Netflix? If so, you've probably been an unwitting participant in a variety of experiments—also known as randomized controlled trials—designed to test the impact of changes to an... View Details
      Keywords: Experiments; Randomized Controlled Trials; Organizations; Decision Making; Analytics and Data Science; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques
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      Luca, Michael, and Max H. Bazerman. The Power of Experiments: Decision-Making in a Data-Driven World. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2020.
      • March–April 2020
      • Article

      What's Really Holding Women Back? It's Not What Most People Think

      By: R. Ely and Irene Padavic
      Ask people to explain why women remain so dramatically underrepresented in the senior ranks of most companies, and you will hear from the vast majority a lament that goes something like this: High-level jobs require extremely long hours, women's devotion to family... View Details
      Keywords: Overwork; Employment; Gender; Equality and Inequality; Work-Life Balance; Organizational Culture
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      Ely, R., and Irene Padavic. "What's Really Holding Women Back? It's Not What Most People Think." Harvard Business Review 98, no. 2 (March–April 2020): 58–67.
      • January 2020 (Revised March 2020)
      • Case

      LOLA: Do You Know What's in Your Tampon?

      By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and Aldo Sesia
      LOLA is a direct-to-consumer (DTC) business launched in 2015. What started as a company to provide women with organic and transparent material-labeled tampons via a subscription model, had, by 2019 evolved to include additional menstrual and sexual wellness products.... View Details
      Keywords: Direct-to-consumer; Channels; Disruption; Business Model; Brands and Branding; Internet and the Web; Strategy; Retail Industry; United States; Canada
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      Schlesinger, Leonard A., and Aldo Sesia. "LOLA: Do You Know What's in Your Tampon?" Harvard Business School Case 320-015, January 2020. (Revised March 2020.)
      • November 2018 (Revised July 2023)
      • Case

      The Weir Group: Reforming Executive Pay (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Federica Gabrieli
      In February 2018, the Remuneration Committee together with the full Board of Directors of the Scotland-based engineering company The Weir Group had to decide whether to seek a shareholder vote at the upcoming Annual General Meeting in April on a proposal to reform the... View Details
      Keywords: General Management; Board Of Directors; Executive Committees; Human Resource Management; Compensation; Pay For Performance; Incentives; Bonuses; Incentive Programs; Employee Stock Ownership Plans; Performance Measurement; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Human Resources; Management; Executive Compensation; Change; Performance Evaluation; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Europe; United Kingdom; Scotland
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Federica Gabrieli. "The Weir Group: Reforming Executive Pay (A)." Harvard Business School Case 319-046, November 2018. (Revised July 2023.)
      • February 2018 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      Blue Haven Initiative: The PEGAfrica Investment

      By: Vikram S. Gandhi, Caitlin Reimers Brumme and Amram Migdal
      This case examines Blue Haven Initiative (BHI), an impact investing fund and family office, and one of its investments, PEGAfrica (PEG). BHI founder Liesel Pritzker Simmons’ motivations for using her family wealth to start a family office focused on impact investing,... View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Family Office; Development; International Development; International Development Investing; Development Fund; Sustainability; Solar Energy; Solar; Pay As You Go; PAYG; MFI; Social Venture; Business Ventures; Acquisition; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Economics; Development Economics; Energy; Energy Conservation; Energy Sources; Renewable Energy; Social Entrepreneurship; Finance; Assets; Asset Pricing; Capital; Capital Budgeting; Capital Structure; Venture Capital; Cash; Cash Flow; Currency; Currency Exchange Rate; Equity; Private Equity; Financial Instruments; Debt Securities; Stock Shares; Financing and Loans; Microfinance; International Finance; Investment; Investment Return; Investment Activism; Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Price; Geography; Geographic Location; Emerging Markets; Ownership; Ownership Stake; Private Ownership; Social Enterprise; Value; Valuation; Value Creation; Energy Industry; Financial Services Industry; Green Technology Industry; Africa; United States
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      Gandhi, Vikram S., Caitlin Reimers Brumme, and Amram Migdal. "Blue Haven Initiative: The PEGAfrica Investment." Harvard Business School Case 318-003, February 2018. (Revised August 2018.)
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