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  • 2019
  • Article

More Amazon Effects: Online Competition and Pricing Behaviors

By: Alberto Cavallo
I study how online competition, with its shrinking margins, algorithmic pricing technologies, and the transparency of the web, can change the pricing behavior of large retailers in the U.S. and affect aggregate inflation dynamics. In particular, I show that in the past... View Details
Keywords: Amazon; Online Prices; Inflation; Uniform Pricing; Price Stickiness; Monetary Economics; Economics; Macroeconomics; Inflation and Deflation; System Shocks; United States
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  • May 2023
  • Article

Competition in Pricing Algorithms

By: Zach Y. Brown and Alexander J. MacKay
We document new facts about pricing technology using high-frequency data, and we examine the implications for competition. Some online retailers employ technology that allows for more frequent price changes and automated responses to price changes by rivals. Motivated... View Details
Keywords: Pricing Algorithms; Pricing Frequency; Commitment; Online Competition; Price; Information Technology; Competition
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  • July 7, 2022
  • Other Article

Are Online Prices Higher Because of Pricing Algorithms?

By: Zach Y. Brown and Alexander J. MacKay
This article reviews recent work examining pricing strategies of major online retailers and the potential effects of pricing algorithms. We describe how pricing algorithms can lead to higher prices in a number of ways, even if some characteristics of these algorithms... View Details
Keywords: Pricing Algorithms; Online Marketplace; Digital Strategy; Internet and the Web; Retail Industry
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  • 09 Dec 2015
  • Research Event

When Hosts Attack: The Competitive Threat of Online Platforms

the competitive landscape of platforms, Zhu delved into data from Amazon.com, which serves both as the biggest online retailer in the United States and as a platform on which third-party retailers can sell... View Details
Keywords: by Carmen Nobel; Retail; Technology; Web Services
  • 2014
  • Working Paper

Search Diversion and Platform Competition Online Appendix

By: Andrei Hagiu and Bruno Jullien
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  • July–August 2020
  • Article

Price Bargaining and Competition in Online Platforms: An Empirical Analysis of the Daily Deal Market

By: Lingling Zhang and Doug J. Chung
The prevalence of online platforms opens new doors to traditional businesses for customer reach and revenue growth. This research investigates platform choice in a setting where prices are determined by negotiations between platforms and businesses. We compile a unique... View Details
Keywords: Business-to-business Marketing; Platform Competition; Two-Sided Markets; Price Bargaining; Daily Deals; Structural Model; Digital Platforms; Competition; Price; Negotiation
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  • June 2014 (Revised November 2014)
  • Case

Investing in Online Marketplaces

By: Andrei Hagiu and Hermes Alvarez
Simon Rothman had recently been promoted from executive-in-residence to Partner at esteemed venture capital firm Greylock Partners and placed in charge of managing a $100 million early-stage fund commitment dedicated to online marketplaces. In Greylock's view, 2014 was... View Details
Keywords: Business Models; Competitive Advantage; Entrepreneurship; Internet; Investments; Networks; Technology; Venture Capital
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

The Value of Data and Its Impact on Competition

By: Marco Iansiti
Common regulatory perspective on the relationship between data, value, and competition in online platforms has increasingly centered on the volume of data accumulated by incumbent firms. This view posits the existence of "data network effects," where more data leads to... View Details
Keywords: Online Platforms; Data Network Effects; Analytics and Data Science; Value; Competition; Digital Platforms
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  • March 1998 (Revised March 1999)
  • Case

Dell Online

By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Marie Bell
Dell started online commerce for its PCs in 1996, and by 1997 had achieved a sales rate of $3 million a day. The case describes the internal process that led to these dramatic results and poses the question of how the firm should leverage this activity to meet Michael... View Details
Keywords: Consumer Behavior; Market Transactions; Goals and Objectives; Business Processes; Distribution Channels; Internet and the Web; Information Infrastructure; Competitive Advantage; Computer Industry; Retail Industry
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    Price Bargaining and Competition in Online Platforms: An Empirical Analysis of the Daily Deal Market

    The prevalence of online platforms opens new doors to traditional businesses for customer reach and revenue growth. This research investigates platform competition in a setting where prices are determined by negotiations between platforms and businesses. We compile a... View Details
    • May 2021 (Revised May 2022)
    • Case

    Headspace vs. Calm: A Mindful Competition

    By: Ayelet Israeli and Anne Wilson
    By 2021, the mindfulness app wars reached their apex. Over 2,000 meditation apps were available to consumers, but two apps, Headspace and Calm, dominated the space, jointly holding about 70% of the total market. Headspace had established itself as the approachable... View Details
    Keywords: Marketing Communication; Integrated Strategy; Brand; Brand ＆ Product Management; Brand Communication; Brand Differentiation; Brand Building; Brand Management; E-Commerce Strategy; Ecommerce; App; App Development; Applications; COVID; COVID-19; Pandemic; Pricing; Pricing Strategy; Subscription Model; Subscription; Partnerships; Strategic Partnerships; B2B Vs. B2C; B2B; Health ＆ Wellness; Wellbeing; Digitization; Commoditization; Mobile App; Mobile App Industry; Mobile Healthcare; Mobile Marketing; Digital Brand; Digital Health; Consumer Health; Apps; Online Business; Online Competition; Online Community; Online Entertainment; Entertainment And Leisure; Meditation; Marketing; Marketing Communications; Brands and Branding; Price; Strategy; Competition; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Partners and Partnerships; Health; Well-being; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Communication; Communication Strategy; Disruption; Consumer Behavior; Digital Marketing; E-commerce; Applications and Software; Health Industry; Technology Industry; Communications Industry; United States; North America; United Kingdom
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    • October 2003 (Revised January 2004)
    • Background Note

    Online Securities Trading in Japan

    By: Lynda M. Applegate, Jamie Ladge, Haruki Umezawa and Masako Egawa
    Provides an overview of the Japanese securities industry and discusses how the online trading/brokerage industry grew as a result of deregulation of financial markets and penetration of the Internet in Japan. Describes major players in the online industry--Matsui... View Details
    Keywords: Internet and the Web; Competitive Strategy; Emerging Markets; Financial Markets; Business Strategy; Financial Instruments; Globalized Markets and Industries; Internet and the Web; Japan
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    • Web

    Online Business Strategy Courses | HBS Online

    hrs/week Pay by May 15 $1,850 Certificate Business Strategy Professor Felix Oberholzer-Gee Formulate strategies to give your organization a competitive advantage, using a proven framework that creates value for customers, employees, and... View Details
    • April 1998
    • Case

    E! Online (A): www.eonline.com

    By: Jeffrey F. Rayport
    E! Online is the on-line brand extension of the cable-TV channel dedicated to entertainment news. E! Online must compete with other entertainment sites on the web, as well as create synergy between E! Online and E! Entertainment Television in order to build a... View Details
    Keywords: Competition; Internet and the Web; Service Operations; Television Entertainment; Brands and Branding; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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    • Web

    Online Business Strategy Course | HBS Online

    offer. Business Strategy $1,850 Next 7-week session starts July 2nd Enroll Now Formulate strategies to give your organization a competitive advantage, using a proven framework that creates value for customers, employees, and suppliers. 7... View Details
    • Web

    Business Economics Online Course | HBS Online

    power of network effects to drive demand Identify sources of competitive advantage through differentiation Who Will Benefit Aspiring Marketing, Strategy, or Consulting Professionals Those Considering an MBA Mid-Career Professionals... View Details
    • Web

    Disruptive Innovation Online Course | HBS Online

    Daniella Patrick Innovation Lab Product Manager at Accenture What You Earn Certificate of Completion Boost your resume with a Certificate of Completion from HBS Online Earn by: completing this course Certificate of Specialization Prove... View Details
    • Web

    Strategy Execution Online Course | HBS Online

    applicable to my work, and they’ve made me a more productive member of our strategic team. Laura Wingate Strategy Execution Participant What You Earn Certificate of Completion Boost your resume with a Certificate of Completion from HBS View Details
    • Web

    Online Business Courses & Certifications | HBS Online

    and retain customers in a dynamic online environment. 7 weeks, 6-7 hrs/week Pay by May 29 $1,850 Certificate New Creating Brand Value Professor Jill Avery Build strong, differentiated brands that resonate with consumers and give your... View Details
    • Web

    Online Leadership and Management Courses | HBS Online

    experiences that provide a competitive edge and build customer loyalty. 4 weeks, 5-6 hrs/week Pay by May 22 $1,850 Certificate Power and Influence for Positive Impact Professor Julie Battilana Understand how power really works and develop... View Details