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      • March 2025
      • Teaching Note

      Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 325-110. CEO Tim Leiweke reviewed the process by which his newly formed Oak View Group had managed a major rebuild of a landmark arena in Seattle which attracted a National Hockey League franchise and major entertainers concerned about... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Leadership; Bids and Bidding; Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Green Buildings; Construction; Partners and Partnerships; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Seattle
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jacob A. Small. "Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 325-114, March 2025.
      • March 2025 (Revised April 2025)
      • Case

      WallStreetBets: Democratizing Retail Investing

      By: Joseph Pacelli and Alexis Lefort
      In summer 2024, Jaime Rogozinski anticipated the launch of a day-trading eSports event, a vision he had nurtured for years. Rogozinski, the founder of the influential subreddit WallStreetBets (WSB), created the forum in 2012 as a space for retail traders to explore... View Details
      Keywords: Investment; Emerging Markets; Market Participation; Financial Strategy; Lawsuits and Litigation; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Pacelli, Joseph, and Alexis Lefort. "WallStreetBets: Democratizing Retail Investing." Harvard Business School Case 125-002, March 2025. (Revised April 2025.)
      • March 2025 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small
      Tim Leiweke reviewed how his development group and partners had completely rebuilt an aging Seattle landmark into the world’s greenest arena, carrying the visible name Climate Pledge Arena. It had attracted a new National Hockey League franchise, the Kraken, and... View Details
      Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Leadership; Bids and Bidding; Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Seattle
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jacob A. Small. "Seattle's Climate Pledge Arena: Ticket to a Greener Future." Harvard Business School Case 325-110, March 2025. (Revised March 2025.)
      • March 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      ING Türkiye: Flexible Work in a Competitive Banking Environment

      By: Ashley Whillans and Nico Schaefer
      This case explores ING Türkiye’s journey toward workplace flexibility within the traditionally conservative Turkish banking sector. Beginning with early remote work experiments in 2015 and culminating in the FlexING model, by 2024 ING Türkiye had positioned itself as a... View Details
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      Whillans, Ashley, and Nico Schaefer. "ING Türkiye: Flexible Work in a Competitive Banking Environment." Harvard Business School Case 925-027, March 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • November 2024 (Revised December 2024)
      • Case

      Moonfare and the Democratization of Private Equity

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Srimayi Mylavarapu
      Founded in 2016, Moonfare headquartered in Europe, was a pioneer in the “democratization” of private equity investments. Historically, private equity was accessible only to institutional investors like pension funds, endowments, sovereign wealth funds, and large family... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Customers; Wealth; Business Strategy; Segmentation; Technological Innovation; Product Launch; Financial Services Industry; Europe
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Srimayi Mylavarapu. "Moonfare and the Democratization of Private Equity." Harvard Business School Case 225-044, November 2024. (Revised December 2024.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Bank Capital and the Growth of Private Credit

      By: Sergey Chernenko, Robert Ialenti and David Scharfstein
      We show that business development companies (BDCs)—closed-end funds that provide a significant share of nonbank loans to middle market firms—are very well capitalized according to bank capital frameworks. They have median risk-based capital ratios of about 36%... View Details
      Keywords: Financing and Loans; Capital; Credit; Financial Institutions
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      Chernenko, Sergey, Robert Ialenti, and David Scharfstein. "Bank Capital and the Growth of Private Credit." Working Paper, March 2025.
      • October 2024
      • Article

      Canary Categories

      By: Eric Anderson, Chaoqun Chen, Ayelet Israeli and Duncan Simester
      Past customer spending in a category is generally a positive signal of future customer spending. We show that there exist “canary categories” for which the reverse is true. Purchases in these categories are a signal that customers are less likely to return to that... View Details
      Keywords: Churn; Churn Management; Churn/retention; Assortment Planning; Retail; Retailing; Retailing Industry; Preference Heterogeneity; Assortment Optimization; Customers; Retention; Consumer Behavior; Forecasting and Prediction; Retail Industry
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      Anderson, Eric, Chaoqun Chen, Ayelet Israeli, and Duncan Simester. "Canary Categories." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 61, no. 5 (October 2024): 872–890.
      • October 2024 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Southern California Industrial: Freezer Drive

      By: Arthur I Segel, Dwight Angelini and W. Matt Kelly
      In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, a Boston based real estate private equity firm was seeking to make their very first West Coast investments in hopes of establishing their presence in the strategic region. An exciting property suddenly became available on the... View Details
      Keywords: Real Estate Development; Acquisition; Health Pandemics; Risk and Uncertainty; Expansion; Cost vs Benefits; Investment Return; Real Estate Industry
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      Segel, Arthur I., Dwight Angelini, and W. Matt Kelly. "Southern California Industrial: Freezer Drive." Harvard Business School Case 225-015, October 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
      • September 2024
      • Case

      InfraCredit and the Project Inception Facility

      By: John Macomber, Namrata Arora and Maagatha Kalavadakken
      Around the world, large infrastructure projects are frequently stymied by the high cost and high uncertainty of the project inception phase: the research and engineering and planning prior to financial close and start of construction. Could there be a new kind of... View Details
      Keywords: Infrastructure; Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Cost; Cash Flow; Capital; Assets; Financial Markets; Financial Strategy; Insurance; Energy; Product Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Business Strategy; Credit; Financial Services Industry; Energy Industry; Banking Industry; Africa; Nigeria
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      Macomber, John, Namrata Arora, and Maagatha Kalavadakken. "InfraCredit and the Project Inception Facility." Harvard Business School Case 225-027, September 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Case

      Eat App: Building and Monetizing an End-to-End Dining Experience Solution

      By: Elie Ofek and Ahmed Dahawy
      Founded in 2015 in Bahrain, Eat App was an up-and-coming player in the global restaurant management software business. In early 2024, having shifted to a product-led growth strategy, the company’s co-founders faced a host of decisions that could greatly impact their... View Details
      Keywords: Price; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Marketing; Negotiation Deal; Internet and the Web; Value Creation; Profit; Revenue; Applications and Software; Product; Food and Beverage Industry; Technology Industry; Bahrain; United Arab Emirates; Abu Dhabi; Dubai
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      Ofek, Elie, and Ahmed Dahawy. "Eat App: Building and Monetizing an End-to-End Dining Experience Solution." Harvard Business School Case 525-019, September 2024.
      • August 2024
      • Case

      Iogen: Decarbonizing Hard-to-Abate Sectors

      By: George Serafeim, Charlotte Foody and John Mulliken
      Brian Foody, CEO of Iogen Corporation, was an early leader in advanced biofuels, developing a range of technologies to transform agricultural waste into transportation fuel. With $100 million in revenue and 350 patents across various biofuel technologies, Iogen was... View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Biofuel; Market Attractiveness; Decarbonization; Technological Innovation; Climate Change; Energy; Environmental Sustainability; Transformation; Market Entry and Exit; Strategy; Energy Industry; United States; United Kingdom
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      Serafeim, George, Charlotte Foody, and John Mulliken. "Iogen: Decarbonizing Hard-to-Abate Sectors." Harvard Business School Case 125-037, August 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      What Makes Players Pay? An Empirical Investigation of In-Game Lotteries

      By: Tomomichi Amano and Andrey Simonov
      In 2020, gamers spent more than $15 billion on loot boxes, lotteries of virtual items in video games. Paid loot boxes are contentious. Game producers argue that loot boxes complement the gameplay and expenditures on loot boxes reflect players’ enjoyment of the game.... View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Behavior; Policy; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Product Design; Ethics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Video Game Industry
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      Amano, Tomomichi, and Andrey Simonov. "What Makes Players Pay? An Empirical Investigation of In-Game Lotteries." Columbia Business School Research Paper Series, No. 4355019, June 2024.
      • February 2024 (Revised July 2024)
      • Case

      Taffi: Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Fares Khrais
      Taffi was a tech-enabled fashion styling startup founded by Shahad Geoffrey in Saudi Arabia in 2020. Within three years of operating, Geoffrey had pivoted the business multiple times. In 2023, Geoffrey was attempting the business’s most ambitious pivot yet, shifting... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Investment; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Strategy; AI and Machine Learning; Fashion Industry; Technology Industry; Saudi Arabia; Arabian Peninsula
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Fares Khrais. "Taffi: Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia." Harvard Business School Case 224-052, February 2024. (Revised July 2024.)
      • January 2024 (Revised May 2024)
      • Case

      Runa

      By: Paul Gompers and Carla Larangeira
      In early 2022, Courtney McColgan, founder and CEO of Runa, a human resources and payroll Software-as-a-Service platform, faced an unexpected tech market downturn. Founded in 2018, Runa catered to small and medium-sized businesses in Mexico, offering an affordable and... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Volatility; Entrepreneurship; Decision Making; Leadership; Management; Venture Capital; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Growth and Maturation; Latin America
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      Gompers, Paul, and Carla Larangeira. "Runa." Harvard Business School Case 224-047, January 2024. (Revised May 2024.)
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups

      By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
      How does participating in open source software (OSS) communities spur entrepreneurial growth? To address this question, we analyze novel data matching accounts from GitHub—the largest OSS hosting platform—to the universe of global software venture-backed firms... View Details
      Keywords: Applications and Software; Open Source Distribution; Entrepreneurship; Business Growth and Maturation; Human Capital; Valuation; Corporate Strategy
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      Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-040, January 2024. (Revised August 2024.)
      • October 2023 (Revised November 2023)
      • Case

      Sprout Solutions

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Bonnie Yining Cao and Dawn H. Lau
      Husband-and-wife co-founders Patrick and Alexandria Gentry had built Sprout Solutions to be one of the biggest Software-as-a-Service human resources management platforms in the Philippines, guided by the mission to "impact the life of every Filipino by improving... View Details
      Keywords: Software; Startup; Technology Ventures; Human Resources; Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Emerging Markets; Business Startups; Applications and Software; Venture Capital; Philippines
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Bonnie Yining Cao, and Dawn H. Lau. "Sprout Solutions." Harvard Business School Case 824-052, October 2023. (Revised November 2023.)
      • September 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Apple’s iPhone Revolution: Pioneering the Circular Economy

      By: George Serafeim
      Teaching Note for HBS Case 123-089. The case describes the Trade-In system for iPhones that allow iPhones to be refurbished and reused or to be recycled. The case provides information for the students to analyze the financial attractiveness of the Trade-In system and... View Details
      Keywords: Iphone; Smartphone; Technology; Business Model Innovation; Carbon Emissions; Recycling; Business Model; Product Design; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Technology Industry
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      Serafeim, George. "Apple’s iPhone Revolution: Pioneering the Circular Economy." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 124-026, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Article

      (Not) Paying for Diversity: Repugnant Market Concerns Associated with Transactional Approaches to Diversity Recruitment

      By: Summer R. Jackson
      In a 20-month ethnographic study, I examine how a technology firm, ShopCo (a pseudonym), considered 13 different recruitment platforms to attract racial minority engineering candidates. I find that when choosing whether to adopt recruitment platforms focused on racial... View Details
      Keywords: Technology Adoption; Recruitment; Race; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Jackson, Summer R. "(Not) Paying for Diversity: Repugnant Market Concerns Associated with Transactional Approaches to Diversity Recruitment." Administrative Science Quarterly 68, no. 3 (September 2023): 824–866.
      • May–June 2023
      • Article

      Should Your Start-up Be For-profit or Nonprofit?: A Guide for Social Entrepreneurs

      By: Cait Brumme and Brian Trelstad
      Years ago the line between nonprofit and for-profit enterprises was clear, but that has changed. Nonprofits now offer products that compete with those of the best for-profits, and for-profits can deliver as much social value as charities. Despite the blurred... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Social Entrepreneurship; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; For-Profit Firms; Decision Choices and Conditions
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      Brumme, Cait, and Brian Trelstad. "Should Your Start-up Be For-profit or Nonprofit? A Guide for Social Entrepreneurs." Harvard Business Review 101, no. 3 (May–June 2023): 136–145.
      • March 2023
      • Supplement

      Halftime for Heidelberg

      By: Debora L. Spar
      The case follows President Rob Huntington as he seeks to find a viable way forward for Heidelberg University.
      Located in Tiffin, Ohio, Heidelberg is a small, private, four-year university. As with many similar institutions of higher education, it currently faces... View Details
      Keywords: University; University Administration; University Endowment; Endowments; Brand Management; Higher Education; Strategic Planning; Brands and Branding; Education Industry; Ohio; United States
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      Spar, Debora L. "Halftime for Heidelberg." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 721-701, March 2023. (Click here to access this case.)
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