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- September–October 2025
- Article
How Digital Integration Is Reconfiguring Value Chains
By: Antonio Moreno
While companies have been “unbundling” their operations and outsourcing tasks for decades, advances in IT are now helping them take that strategy to a whole new level. These technologies make it possible to digitally integrate workflows across organizations, letting... View Details
- August 2025
- Case
Emory Healthcare on the Front Lines of the Nursing Workforce Crisis (B)
By: Susanna Gallani, Karen L. Sedatole, Sarah Mehta and Nicole Zelazko
This supplement to the Emory Healthcare (A) case details organizational developments from July 2023 through October 2024. It explores leadership transitions, expanded recruitment efforts, compensation strategy shifts, and technology investments aimed at addressing... View Details
- August 2025
- Case
Must B Nutty?
By: Christina Wallace, Martha Hostetter and Alicia Dadlani
Veronica and Miguel Garza, siblings from a large Mexican-American family from Texas, founded a company in 2014 to sell the almond-flour tortillas Veronica had developed to fit her grain-free diet. Their company, Must Be Nutty, tapped into growing demand for... View Details
- August 5, 2025
- Article
Data-driven Equation Discovery Reveals Nonlinear Reinforcement Learning in Humans
By: Kyle J. LaFollette, Janni Yuval, Roey Schurr, David Melnikoff and Amit Goldenberg
Computational models of reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly contributed to our understanding of human behavior and decision-making. Traditional RL models, however, often adopt a linear approach to updating reward expectations, potentially oversimplifying the... View Details
- 2025
- Working Paper
Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions
By: Julian De Freitas, Zeliha Oğuz-Uğuralp and Ahmet Kaan-Uğuralp
AI-companion apps such as Replika, Chai, and Character.ai promise relational benefits—yet many boast session lengths that rival gaming platforms while suffering high long-run churn. What conversational design features increase consumer engagement, and what trade-offs... View Details
- August 2025
- Case
Meta and the Superintelligence Talent Race
By: Boris Groysberg and Sarah L. Abbott
In June 2025, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg upped the ante in the ongoing AI talent wars. Some analysts praised Zuckerberg’s aggressive approach to building Meta's AI capabilities, while others pointed to the high costs this strategy entailed and questioned how effectively... View Details
Keywords: AI; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Talent Acquisition; Hiring; Technology; Metaverse; Competition; Compensation; Innovation; Talent Development; Competing To Win; Competitive Dynamics; AI and Machine Learning; Talent and Talent Management; Recruitment; Compensation and Benefits; Competency and Skills; Competitive Strategy; Technological Innovation; Technology Industry
- July–August 2025
- Article
Case Study: Do We Reskill or Replace Our Workforce?
By: William Kerr
To remain competitive in the internet-of-things era, should the CEO of SolidTech Innovations, a fictional elevator company, invest a lot of money in reskilling its entire staff? The industry is moving from hardware to software in the form of smart, connected elevators.... View Details
- 2025
- Article
Difference-in-Differences Subset Scan
By: Will Stamey, Sriram Somanchi and Edward McFowland III
Difference-in-differences (DiD) has been extensively applied in the literature to elicit the average causal effect of an intervention or policy. Though researchers explore heterogeneity in the treatment effect with respect to time or some observed covariate (usually... View Details
- July–August 2025
- Article
How the Busiest People Find Joy
By: Leslie A. Perlow, Sari Mentser and Salvatore J. Affinito
Joy, along with achievement and meaningfulness, is one of the three keys to a satisfying life. Yet it’s the missing piece for many ambitious individuals, the authors found after examining data on how nearly 2,000 professionals spend their days. Jam-packed schedules are... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
Greenwood Online: A Fin-Tech Service for Culture and Community (B)
By: James Riley and Bernal Cortés
This B case follows Greenwood’s development after launch, including its decision to partner with a White-owned bank for backend support and its rapid growth despite that controversial choice. It traces the company’s scaling efforts, major fundraising rounds,... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
Toilets for the Underserved: The SURT Commercialization Challenge
By: Maria P. Roche, Anne Marie Knott and Alexander Oettl
In 2021, a breakthrough in sanitation technology developed under the Gates Foundation’s “Reinvent the Toilet” initiative stood ready for commercialization. The Single User Reinvented Toilet (SURT), engineered by Dr. Shannon Yee, offered an off-grid, self-contained... View Details
Keywords: Technological Innovation; Commercialization; Social Issues; Social Enterprise; Public Sector; Private Sector; Market Entry and Exit; Strategic Planning; Engineering; Infrastructure; Innovation Strategy; Utilities Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; South Africa; India; France
- July 2025
- Background Note
Ecosystem Disruption: A Multi-Stakeholder View of Disruptive Innovations
By: E. Ofek, Michael Haenlein, Eitan Muller and Roman Welden
The purpose of this note is to offer a more expansive view of how innovations disrupt markets than has been portrayed thus far in the extant literature by taking an ecosystem perspective. This broader outlook allows examining not only the product strategies of the... View Details
- July 2025
- Teaching Note
Hyperscaling Dreams: Ualá's Path from Startup to Fintech Champion
By: Juan Alcácer and Manuel Franck
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 725-408. Ualá, a fintech startup founded in Argentina in 2017 by Pierpaolo Barbieri, aimed to increase financial inclusion in Latin America through a digital platform linked to a prepaid card. After rapid success in Argentina, it expanded... View Details
- Article
Using Gen AI for Early-Stage Market Research
By: James Brand, Ayelet Israeli and Donald Ngwe
Generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), offers a promising new tool for early-stage market research by simulating customer responses to product concepts. This can allow companies to draw conclusions similar to those they’d obtain by surveying... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
Take-Two Interactive Software Inc.: The Business Behind Video Gaming’s Biggest Hits
By: Anita Elberse, Madden Osei and Sophia Smith
On May 15, 2025, Strauss Zelnick, chairman and chief executive officer of Take-Two Interactive Software Inc. (‘Take- Two’) sees his company’s stock price reach an all-time high, reflecting a market cap well over $40 billion. Under his leadership, Take-Two had grown... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
Insilico’s Rentosertib Dilemma: A Star in the Pipeline?
By: Michael Lingzhi Li, Brian Mao Fu and Billy Chan
In 2024, the AI biotech firm Insilico Medicine faced a pivotal decision about its new drug, Rentosertib. Discovered and designed using artificial intelligence to treat a lung disease, Rentosertib had successfully advanced to Phase II trials — a first in global... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
Osteoboost: Go-To-Market Strategy in a Healthcare Startup
Osteoboost focuses on how a health care Medtech startup with a new device for treating osteopenia. The firm decides among alternative go-to-market strategies, including B2B (the firm to healthcare providers), DTC (directly to consumers), or some combination of the two... View Details
- July 2025
- Supplement
Meghna Modi at Revlon India: Leading with a Bold Purpose (B)
By: Aiyesha Dey and Sarah Sasso
This follow-up case is about Meghna Modi, the CEO of struggling cosmetics company Revlon India, and the actions she takes as she tries to both turn the company around and integrate her personal purpose into her work. Influenced by her own life struggles, Modi feels... View Details
- July 2025
- Case
ICARE: Frontline Leadership at Michelin
By: Hubert Joly and Emilie Billaud
In 2025, Michelin CEO Florent Menegaux reflected on the company’s transformation since taking the helm in 2019. Amid a volatile global landscape marked by inflation, rising competition, and geopolitical and sustainability pressures, Michelin had achieved strong... View Details
Keywords: Human Capital; Transformation; Management Practices and Processes; Managerial Roles; Organizational Culture; Leadership; Competency and Skills; Global Strategy; Multinational Firms and Management; Human Resources; Compensation and Benefits; Recruitment; Retention; Employee Relationship Management; Working Conditions; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Groups and Teams; Motivation and Incentives; Well-being; Auto Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Europe; China; United States
- July 3, 2025
- Article
A New Framework for Reducing Healthcare Disparities
By: Susanna Gallani, Mary Lynch Witkowski, Lidia M. V. R. Moura and Katie Sonnefeldt
Despite decades of initiatives to address healthcare inequities in the U.S., disparities across race, gender, geography, and income remain stubbornly persistent. This article introduces the Strategic Fingerprint Framework for Health Equity, a practical, principle-based... View Details