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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(1,120)
- People (3)
- News (317)
- Research (399)
- Events (4)
- Multimedia (25)
- Faculty Publications (221)
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- 2024
- Conference Paper
Quantifying Uncertainty in Natural Language Explanations of Large Language Models
By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Sree Harsha Tanneru and Chirag Agarwal
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as powerful tools for several
high-stakes natural language processing (NLP) applications. Recent prompting
works claim to elicit intermediate reasoning steps and key tokens that serve as
proxy explanations for LLM... View Details
Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Sree Harsha Tanneru, and Chirag Agarwal. "Quantifying Uncertainty in Natural Language Explanations of Large Language Models." Paper presented at the Society for Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, 2024.
- 2014
- Chapter
The Language of Global Management
By: Tsedal Neeley
Over the last two decades, organizations seeking global expansion have been mandating an English lingua franca, or common language to facilitate global collaboration regardless of the country location of their headquarters. This article explains why stipulating a... View Details
Keywords: Language; Lingua Franca; Networks; Governance; Information Technology; Management; Ethics; Emerging Markets; Innovation and Invention
Neeley, Tsedal. "The Language of Global Management." In Wiley Encyclopedia of Management, Volume 6: International Management. 3rd ed. Edited by Markus Vodosek and Deanne den Hartog. John Wiley & Sons, 2014.
- January 2020
- Case
Ureed.com: The Marketplace for Language
By: Ashley V. Whillans, Esel Çekin and Alpana Thapar
Jordanian entrepreneur, Nour Al Hassan, founded Tarjama in 2008, tapping into an underserved and high demand need: Arabic translation service. Its lean model comprised of hiring full-time employees, mainly women, who worked from home. It steadily grew over the... View Details
Keywords: Language Translation; Freelancers; Entrepreneurship; Human Resources; Management; Expansion; Quality; Growth and Development Strategy
Whillans, Ashley V., Esel Çekin, and Alpana Thapar. "Ureed.com: The Marketplace for Language." Harvard Business School Case 920-038, January 2020.
- July 2020
- Article
Tell It Like It Is: When Politically Incorrect Language Promotes Authenticity
By: J. Schroeder, M. Rosenblum and F. Gino
When a person’s language appears political—such as being politically correct or incorrect—it can influence fundamental impressions of him or her. Political correctness is “using language or behavior to seem sensitive to others’ feelings, especially those others who... View Details
Schroeder, J., M. Rosenblum, and F. Gino. "Tell It Like It Is: When Politically Incorrect Language Promotes Authenticity." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 119, no. 1 (July 2020): 75–103.
- 2023
- Article
MoPe: Model Perturbation-based Privacy Attacks on Language Models
By: Marvin Li, Jason Wang, Jeffrey Wang and Seth Neel
Recent work has shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can unintentionally leak sensitive information present in their training data. In this paper, we present Model Perturbations (MoPe), a new method to identify with high confidence if a given text is in the training... View Details
Li, Marvin, Jason Wang, Jeffrey Wang, and Seth Neel. "MoPe: Model Perturbation-based Privacy Attacks on Language Models." Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2023): 13647–13660.
- January 2021 (Revised March 2022)
- Teaching Note
Ureed.com: The Marketplace for Language
This case explores the growth of Ureed, an online marketplace for translation services that is powered by a workforce consisting of remote freelancers who are based in the United Arab Emirates. Nour Al Hassan, the founder and CEO faced the challenge of how best to... View Details
- November–December 2019
- Article
Head, Heart or Hands: How Do Employees Respond to a Radical Global Language Change Over Time?
By: Sebastian Reiche and Tsedal Neeley
To understand how recipients respond to radical change over time across cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions, we conducted a longitudinal study of a mandated language change at a Chilean subsidiary of a large U.S. multinational organization. The... View Details
Keywords: Language; Communication; Change; Employees; Attitudes; Emotions; Globalized Firms and Management
Reiche, Sebastian, and Tsedal Neeley. "Head, Heart or Hands: How Do Employees Respond to a Radical Global Language Change Over Time?" Organization Science 30, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 1252–1269.
- December 2019
- Article
The Ethical Perils of Personal, Communal Relations: A Language Perspective
By: Maryam Kouchaki, Francesca Gino and Yuval Feldman
The current paper focuses on how the type of relationship that exists between a group and its members influences misconduct by fostering certain perceptions of the group. Using multiple methods, lab- and field-based experiments (N = 1,679), and a large dataset of S&P... View Details
Kouchaki, Maryam, Francesca Gino, and Yuval Feldman. "The Ethical Perils of Personal, Communal Relations: A Language Perspective." Psychological Science 30, no. 12 (December 2019): 1745–1766.
- 2022
- Working Paper
TalkToModel: Explaining Machine Learning Models with Interactive Natural Language Conversations
By: Dylan Slack, Satyapriya Krishna, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Sameer Singh
Practitioners increasingly use machine learning (ML) models, yet they have become more complex and harder to understand. To address this issue, researchers have proposed techniques to explain model predictions. However, practitioners struggle to use explainability... View Details
Slack, Dylan, Satyapriya Krishna, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Sameer Singh. "TalkToModel: Explaining Machine Learning Models with Interactive Natural Language Conversations." Working Paper, 2022.
- 2023
- Article
Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam—A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset
By: Junling Liu, Peilin Zhou, Yining Hua, Dading Chong, Zhongyu Tian, Andrew Liu, Helin Wang, Chenyu You, Zhenhua Guo, Lei Zhu and Michael Lingzhi Li
Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have transformed the field of question answering (QA). However, evaluating LLMs in the medical field is challenging due to the lack of standardized and comprehensive datasets. To address this gap, we introduce CMExam,... View Details
Keywords: Large Language Model; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Health Industry
Liu, Junling, Peilin Zhou, Yining Hua, Dading Chong, Zhongyu Tian, Andrew Liu, Helin Wang, Chenyu You, Zhenhua Guo, Lei Zhu, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam—A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset." Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track 36 (2023).
- 20 Jan 2014
- Research & Ideas
Language Wars Divide Global Companies
more efficient, the use of such a lingua franca can add layers of complication and delay. And instead of fostering collaboration, it can create cultural fissures between employees. “It's volcanic, waiting for something to ignite it, and then it explodes” It turns out... View Details
Keywords: by Kim Girard
- 2011
- Chapter
Changing Identity, Changing Language
By: Kathleen L. McGinn and Jeffrey T. Polzer
Environmental jolts and shifting membership challenge a group's efficacy and survival. Group identity is critical for a shared interpretation of and response to these challenges, but external and internal changes may require corresponding changes in a group's... View Details
Keywords: Change; Spoken Communication; Performance Efficiency; Problems and Challenges; Safety; Identity; California
McGinn, Kathleen L., and Jeffrey T. Polzer. "Changing Identity, Changing Language." In Advances in Group Processes. Vol. 28, edited by Shane R. Thye and Edward Lawler, 125–145. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, 2011.
- 2023
- Article
Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models
By: Satyapriya Krishna, Jiaqi Ma, Dylan Slack, Asma Ghandeharioun, Sameer Singh and Himabindu Lakkaraju
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in performing complex tasks. Moreover, recent research has shown that incorporating human-annotated rationales (e.g., Chain-of-Thought prompting) during in-context learning can significantly enhance... View Details
Krishna, Satyapriya, Jiaqi Ma, Dylan Slack, Asma Ghandeharioun, Sameer Singh, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2023).
- 06 Oct 2014
- Research & Ideas
Why Businesses Need a Language Strategy
global marketplace, it is imperative for multinational organizations to have clear language strategies. Neeley has coauthored a September Harvard Business Review article with HBS Professor of Management Practice Robert Steven Kaplan on... View Details
Keywords: Re: Tsedal Neeley
- July 2022 (Revised February 2023)
- Case
Duolingo: Teaching Languages to the Masses
By: Youngme Moon
In early 2022, the CEO of Duolingo—the world's most popular language learning app—is faced with a number of questions involving the company's monetization and growth strategy. View Details
Moon, Youngme. "Duolingo: Teaching Languages to the Masses." Harvard Business School Case 323-016, July 2022. (Revised February 2023.)
- 29 Aug 2017
- Book
Using Language to Build a Global Company
- January 2023
- Teaching Note
Duolingo: Teaching Languages to the Masses
By: Youngme Moon
Teaching Note for HBS Case 323-016. At the time the case is written, Duolingo is the most popular language learning service in the world. The company has more than 40 million monthly active users, and the company’s total annual revenue has reached $250 million a year.... View Details
- 24 Mar 2014
- Research & Ideas
The Surprising Link Between Language and Corporate Responsibility
We've heard that Eskimos have 100 words for snow—a common way of expressing how language affects the way we see the world. Whether or not that particular example is true, cultural linguists have long theorized that the words a particular... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
- July–September 2012
- Article
The (Un)Hidden Turmoil of Language in Global Collaboration
By: Tsedal Neeley, Pamela J. Hinds and Catherine D. Cramton
Companies are increasingly relying on a lingua franca, or common language (usually English), to facilitate cross-border collaboration. Despite the numerous benefits of a lingua franca, our research reveals myriad challenges that disrupt collaboration and contribute to... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Loss; Spoken Communication; Performance Productivity; Research; Global Range; Problems and Challenges; Diversity; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues
Neeley, Tsedal, Pamela J. Hinds, and Catherine D. Cramton. "The (Un)Hidden Turmoil of Language in Global Collaboration." Organizational Dynamics 41, no. 3 (July–September 2012): 236–244.