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    • All HBS Web  (1,354)
      • Faculty Publications  (103)

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      • March 2025
      • Article

      Boomerasking: Answering Your Own Questions

      By: Alison Wood Brooks and Michael Yeomans
      Humans spend much of their lives in conversation, where they tend to hold many simultaneous motives. We examine two fundamental desires: to be responsive to a partner and to disclose about oneself. We introduce one pervasive way people attempt to reconcile these... View Details
      Keywords: Interpersonal Communication; Motivation and Incentives; Perception; Behavior
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      Brooks, Alison Wood, and Michael Yeomans. "Boomerasking: Answering Your Own Questions." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 154, no. 3 (March 2025): 864–893.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Tax Planning, Illiquidity, and Credit Risks: Evidence from DeFi Lending

      By: Lisa De Simone, Peiyi Jin and Daniel Rabetti
      This study establishes a plausible causal link between tax-planning-induced illiquidity and credit risks in lending markets. Exploiting an exogenous tax shock imposed by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) on cryptocurrency gains, along with millions of transactions in... View Details
      Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Taxation; Financial Liquidity; Credit; Financing and Loans; Financial Markets
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      De Simone, Lisa, Peiyi Jin, and Daniel Rabetti. "Tax Planning, Illiquidity, and Credit Risks: Evidence from DeFi Lending." Working Paper, February 2025.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Climate Solutions, Transition Risk, and Stock Returns

      By: Shirley Lu, Edward J. Riedl, Simon Xu and George Serafeim
      Using large language models to measure firms' climate solution products and services, we find that high-climate solution firms exhibit lower stock returns and higher market valuation multiples. Their stock prices respond positively to events signaling increased demand... View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Generative Ai; Large Language Models; Climate Finance; Climate Change; Innovation and Invention; Environmental Sustainability; AI and Machine Learning; Investment; Financial Markets
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      Lu, Shirley, Edward J. Riedl, Simon Xu, and George Serafeim. "Climate Solutions, Transition Risk, and Stock Returns." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-024, November 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Ponzi Funds

      By: Philippe van der Beck, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud and Dario Villamaina
      Many active funds hold concentrated portfolios. Flow-driven trading causes price pressure, which pushes up the funds’ existing positions resulting in realized returns. We decompose fund returns into a price pressure (self-inflated) and a fundamental component and... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Investment Return; Price Bubble; Financial Reporting; Financial Liquidity
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      van der Beck, Philippe, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, and Dario Villamaina. "Ponzi Funds." Working Paper, May 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Article

      Activist Directors: Determinants and Consequences

      By: Ian D. Gow, Sa-Pyung Sean Shin and Suraj Srinivasan
      This paper examines determinants and consequences of hedge fund activism, focusing on activist directors, i.e., directors appointed in response to activist demands. Using a sample of 3,259 activism events from 2004 to 2016, we identify 1,623 activist directors.... View Details
      Keywords: Governing and Advisory Boards; Investment Activism; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Gow, Ian D., Sa-Pyung Sean Shin, and Suraj Srinivasan. "Activist Directors: Determinants and Consequences." Review of Accounting Studies 29, no. 3 (September 2024): 2578–2616.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Finance Without Exotic Risk

      By: Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli, Rafael La Porta and Andrei Shleifer
      We address the joint hypothesis problem in cross-sectional asset pricing by using measured analyst expectations of earnings growth. We construct a firm-level measure of Expectations Based Returns (EBRs) that uses analyst forecast errors and revisions and shuts down any... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Return; Financial Markets; Behavioral Finance; Risk and Uncertainty
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      Bordalo, Pedro, Nicola Gennaioli, Rafael La Porta, and Andrei Shleifer. "Finance Without Exotic Risk." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 33004, September 2024.
      • August 2024
      • Case

      Keurig: A Return to Growth

      By: David Fubini and Patrick Sanguineti
      By the early 2010s, Keurig Green Mountain (KGM) had lost the momentum that had made it the name in at-home coffee brewing in North America. Following a series of product missteps, negative media scrutiny, and ongoing challenges to its partner relationships, in late... View Details
      Keywords: Turnaround; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decisions; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Going Public; Diversification; Expansion; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Fubini, David, and Patrick Sanguineti. "Keurig: A Return to Growth." Harvard Business School Case 425-009, August 2024.
      • June 2024
      • Supplement

      Heritage Holding (A)

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      Pre-Abstract: Instructors should consider the timing of making videos available to students, as they may reveal key case details.

      Abstract: The summer of 2022 marked a crucial period for Heritage Holding co-founders, Alex de Pfyffer and Ross Porter. The... View Details
      Keywords: Acquisition; Small Business; Cost vs Benefits; Decisions; Business Education; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Business or Company Management; Problems and Challenges; Private Equity; Corporate Strategy; Business Model; North America
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "Heritage Holding (A)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 224-723, June 2024.
      • June 2024
      • Supplement

      Heritage Holding (B)

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      Pre-Abstract: Instructors should consider the timing of making videos available to students, as they may reveal key case details.

      Abstract: The summer of 2022 marked a crucial period for Heritage Holding co-founders, Alex de Pfyffer and Ross Porter. The... View Details
      Keywords: Acquisition; Small Business; Cost vs Benefits; Decisions; Business Education; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Business or Company Management; Problems and Challenges; Private Equity; Corporate Strategy; Business Model; North America
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "Heritage Holding (B)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 224-724, June 2024.
      • January 2024 (Revised May 2024)
      • Case

      Pioneer Natural Resources: Enhancing the Capital Return Strategy with Variable Dividends

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, Elisabeth Kempf and E. Scott Mayfield
      In February 2021, Scott Sheffield, the CEO of Pioneer Natural Resources (an independent oil and gas company based in Texas), was considering the possibility of enhancing the firm’s capital return strategy by introducing a variable dividend tied to cash flows in... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Finance; Cash Flow; Financial Management; Financial Strategy; Value Creation; Decision Choices and Conditions; Investment Return; Profit; Policy; Business and Shareholder Relations; Energy Industry; United States; North America; Texas
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      Esty, Benjamin C., Elisabeth Kempf, and E. Scott Mayfield. "Pioneer Natural Resources: Enhancing the Capital Return Strategy with Variable Dividends." Harvard Business School Case 224-001, January 2024. (Revised May 2024.)
      • December 2023
      • Article

      Recover, Explore, Practice: The Transformative Potential of Sabbaticals

      By: Kira Schabram, Matt Bloom and DJ DiDonna
      Sabbaticals have seen an exponential growth in adoption over the last two decades and are ascribed extensive benefits by employers and employees alike. Little is known, however, about how individuals spend their time or how their experiences impact them after they... View Details
      Keywords: Sabbatical; Personal Development and Career; Employees
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      Schabram, Kira, Matt Bloom, and DJ DiDonna. "Recover, Explore, Practice: The Transformative Potential of Sabbaticals." Academy of Management Discoveries 9, no. 4 (December 2023): 441–468.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Do Active Funds Do Better in What They Trade?

      By: Marco Sammon and John J. Shim
      We develop two new, simple measures to quantify active fund decisions at the individual position level. The intuition is to separate passive rebalancing induced by flows and position changes from active rebalancing decisions. We find that additive active rebalancing --... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Financial Management
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      Sammon, Marco, and John J. Shim. "Do Active Funds Do Better in What They Trade?" Working Paper, November 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Interest-Rate Risk and Household Portfolios

      By: Sylvain Catherine, Max Miller, James Paron and Natasha Sarin
      How are households exposed to interest-rate risk? When rates fall, households face lower future expected returns but those holding long-term assets—disproportionately the wealthy and middle-aged—experience capital gains. We study the hedging demand for long-term assets... View Details
      Keywords: Portfolio Choice; Social Security; Interest Rates; Investment Portfolio; Equality and Inequality; Welfare
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      Catherine, Sylvain, Max Miller, James Paron, and Natasha Sarin. "Interest-Rate Risk and Household Portfolios." Working Paper, October 2023. (Reject and Resubmit, American Economic Review.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      When Where Watt: Harnessing the Value of Time and Location for Renewable Electricity Generation

      By: Vishrut Rana, Christian Kaps and Serguei Netessine
      Problem definition: Investments in renewable energy have surged worldwide in recent years, with over $2 trillion spent globally on clean energy. This surge was driven by growing policy support, concerns about energy security, and, most importantly, the cost... View Details
      Keywords: Wind Power; Electricity Distribution; Renewable Energy; Profit; Investment Return; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Geographic Location; Revenue; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry
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      Rana, Vishrut, Christian Kaps, and Serguei Netessine. "When Where Watt: Harnessing the Value of Time and Location for Renewable Electricity Generation." Working Paper, January 2025.
      • July 2023 (Revised October 2024)
      • Case

      Revenue Recognition at Stride Funding: Making Sense of Revenues for a Fintech Startup

      By: Paul M. Healy and Jung Koo Kang
      The case explores the challenges of revenue recognition and financial reporting for Stride Funding (Stride), a fintech startup that has disrupted the student loan market. Stride leveraged proprietary machine learning and financial models to underwrite alternative... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue Recognition; Financial Reporting; Entrepreneurial Finance; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Governance Compliance; Accrual Accounting; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Healy, Paul M., and Jung Koo Kang. "Revenue Recognition at Stride Funding: Making Sense of Revenues for a Fintech Startup." Harvard Business School Case 124-015, July 2023. (Revised October 2024.)
      • December 13, 2022
      • Article

      What Elon Musk Can Learn from Steve Jobs’s Return to Apple

      By: Andy Wu and Goran Calic
      Changing the strategic direction of an existing company is among the hardest management challenges out there. Most attempts fail. In trying to remake Twitter, Elon Musk has a daunting task ahead of him. There’s precedent, however, for dramatically reimagining a major... View Details
      Keywords: Business or Company Management; Corporate Strategy; Change Management; Transformation
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      Wu, Andy, and Goran Calic. "What Elon Musk Can Learn from Steve Jobs’s Return to Apple." Harvard Business Review (website) (December 13, 2022).
      • November 2022 (Revised October 2024)
      • Case

      'A Marshall Plan for Africa': James Mwangi and Equity Group Holdings

      By: Caroline M. Elkins, Debora L. Spar, Zeke Gillman and Julia M. Comeau
      Financial Inclusion. Dignity. Trust. These were the core principles driving James Mwangi’s transformation of Equity Building Society, insolvent in 1991, into what is, today, Equity Group Holdings, East and Central Africa’s largest retail banking institution. Raised in... View Details
      Keywords: Income Inequality; Micro Finance; Microcredit; Microfinance; Banks and Banking; Equality and Inequality; Mission and Purpose; Business Model; Social Entrepreneurship; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Africa; Kenya
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      Elkins, Caroline M., Debora L. Spar, Zeke Gillman, and Julia M. Comeau. "'A Marshall Plan for Africa': James Mwangi and Equity Group Holdings." Harvard Business School Case 323-048, November 2022. (Revised October 2024.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      How Do Investors Value ESG?

      By: Malcolm Baker, Mark Egan and Suproteem K. Sarkar
      Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) objectives have risen to near the top of the agenda for corporate executives and boards, driven in large part by their perceptions of shareholder interest. We quantify the value that shareholders place on ESG using a revealed... View Details
      Keywords: Investment; Investment Portfolio; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Governance; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Baker, Malcolm, Mark Egan, and Suproteem K. Sarkar. "How Do Investors Value ESG?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30708, December 2022. (Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-028, November 2022.)
      • September 2022
      • Article

      Human Versus Machine: A Comparison of Robo-Analyst and Traditional Research Analyst Investment Recommendations

      By: Braiden Coleman, Kenneth J. Merkley and Joseph Pacelli
      We provide the first comprehensive analysis of the properties of investment recommendations generated by “Robo-Analysts,” which are human analyst-assisted computer programs conducting automated research analysis. Our results indicate that Robo-Analyst recommendations... View Details
      Keywords: Fintech; Analysts; Robo-analysts; Investment Recommendations; Investment; Information Technology; Performance
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      Coleman, Braiden, Kenneth J. Merkley, and Joseph Pacelli. "Human Versus Machine: A Comparison of Robo-Analyst and Traditional Research Analyst Investment Recommendations." Accounting Review 97, no. 5 (September 2022): 221–244.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Hidden Alpha

      By: Manuel Amman, Alexander Cochardt, Lauren Cohen and Stephan Heller
      This paper documents the central role of hidden connections between fund managers and firm officers in financial markets, drawing on an extensive dataset of over 100 thousand manually identified Facebook profiles and their 35 million Facebook friends. Our findings... View Details
      Keywords: Returns; Investment Return; Networks
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      Amman, Manuel, Alexander Cochardt, Lauren Cohen, and Stephan Heller. "Hidden Alpha." Working Paper, 2024. (Winner of the 2022 Chicago Quantitative Alliance Academic Paper Competition. First Prize presented by Chicago Quantitative Alliance. Winner of the Institute for Quantitative Investment Research (INQUIRE) Grant, 2023.)
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