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    • All HBS Web  (204)
      • Faculty Publications  (21)

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      • March 2022
      • Teaching Note

      Getting Brexit Done

      By: Alberto Cavallo
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-023. View Details
      Keywords: Brexit; European Union; Integration; Trade; UK; Free Trade Agreements Environment
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      Cavallo, Alberto. "Getting Brexit Done." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 722-038, March 2022.
      • February 2022
      • Supplement

      SpartanNash Company: The Amazon Warrants (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
      As of 12/31/21, Amazon held $22 billion of equity and warrants in related companies. In fact, it often requests a free grant of warrants when it enters into a new commercial agreement with a supplier. Over the past 20 years, Amazon has gotten warrants almost 20... View Details
      Keywords: Valuation; Value Creation; Consumer Behavior; Negotiation; Distribution; Ownership; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Equity; Distribution Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., E. Scott Mayfield, and Daniel Fisher. "SpartanNash Company: The Amazon Warrants (A)." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 222-704, February 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Supplement

      Kornit Digital: The Amazon Warrants (C)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
      As of 12/31/21, Amazon held $22 billion of equity and warrants in related companies. In fact, it often requests a free grant of warrants when it enters into a new commercial agreement with a supplier. Over the past 20 years, Amazon has gotten warrants almost 20... View Details
      Keywords: Valuation; Value Creation; Consumer Behavior; Negotiation; Distribution; Ownership; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Equity; Distribution Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., E. Scott Mayfield, and Daniel Fisher. "Kornit Digital: The Amazon Warrants (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 222-045, January 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Case

      SpartanNash Company: The Amazon Warrants (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
      As of 12/31/21, Amazon held $22 billion of equity and warrants in related companies. In fact, it often requests a free grant of warrants when it enters into a new commercial agreement with a supplier. Over the past 20 years, Amazon has gotten warrants in almost 20... View Details
      Keywords: Valuation; Value Creation; Consumer Behavior; Negotiation; Distribution; Ownership; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Equity; Distribution Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., E. Scott Mayfield, and Daniel Fisher. "SpartanNash Company: The Amazon Warrants (A)." Harvard Business School Case 222-022, January 2022.
      • February 2019 (Revised January 2020)
      • Teaching Note

      Renegotiating NAFTA

      By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
      On January 16, 2020, the Senate passed a landmark trade deal that would replace the 26-year-old North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Until the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) was signed, considerable debate had surrounded it. The new agreement... View Details
      Keywords: NAFTA; Trade; Agreements and Arrangements; Policy; Cost vs Benefits; North America
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "Renegotiating NAFTA." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 319-096, February 2019. (Revised January 2020.)
      • June 2018 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Renegotiating NAFTA

      By: Laura Alfaro, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason and Sarah Jeong
      January 1, 2019 marked the 25th anniversary of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Twenty-five years after the landmark trade pact was signed by the United States, Canada, and Mexico, considerable debate surrounded it. Trade and trade agreements were a... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Negotiation; Agreements and Arrangements; Cost vs Benefits; Auto Industry; United States; Mexico; Canada
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      Alfaro, Laura, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason, and Sarah Jeong. "Renegotiating NAFTA." Harvard Business School Case 318-143, June 2018. (Revised January 2020.)
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Tommy Koh and the U.S.–Singapore Free Trade Agreement: A Multi-Front 'Negotiation Campaign'

      By: Laurence A. Green and James K. Sebenius
      Complex, multiparty negotiations are often analyzed as principals negotiating through agents, as two-level games (Putnam 1988), or in coalitional terms. The relatively new concept of a "multi-front negotiation campaign" (Sebenius 2010, Lax and Sebenius, 2012) offers... View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation; Trade; United States; Singapore
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      Green, Laurence A., and James K. Sebenius. "Tommy Koh and the U.S.–Singapore Free Trade Agreement: A Multi-Front 'Negotiation Campaign'." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-053, December 2014.
      • 2014
      • Case

      Tommy Koh and the United States–Singapore Free Trade Agreement (A)

      By: James K. Sebenius and Laurence A. Green
      The efforts of Singapore Ambassador-At-Large Tommy Koh to negotiate the United States-Singapore Free Trade agreement are explored with an in-depth focus on Koh's management of various fronts of a multiparty negotiation over a sustained period. After briefly describing... View Details
      Keywords: Agreements and Arrangements; International Relations; Trade; United States; Singapore
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      Sebenius, James K., and Laurence A. Green. "Tommy Koh and the United States–Singapore Free Trade Agreement (A)." Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School Case, 2014.
      • 2014
      • Case

      Tommy Koh and the United States–Singapore Free Trade Agreement (B)

      By: James K. Sebenius and Laurence A. Green
      This case details the efforts of Singapore Ambassador-At-Large Tommy Koh to forge a free trade agreement between Singapore and the United States following both nations' support for the initiation of negotiations on a USSFTA. Examining the various barriers and fronts of... View Details
      Keywords: Agreements and Arrangements; International Relations; Trade; United States; Singapore
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      Sebenius, James K., and Laurence A. Green. "Tommy Koh and the United States–Singapore Free Trade Agreement (B)." Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School Case, 2014.
      • March 2014 (Revised January 2025)
      • Case

      Ukraine: On the Border of Europe and Eurasia

      By: Rawi Abdelal, Rafael M. Di Tella, Sogomon Tarontsi and Lavinia Teodorescu
      In the fall of 2013, the people of Ukraine disagreed passionately whether their country should intensify ties with the European Union or Russia. After President Yanukovych rejected the free trade agreement with the EU in November, thousands of Ukrainians peacefully... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Cost vs Benefits; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decisions; Forecasting and Prediction; Judgments; Geopolitical Units; Country; Globalization; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Global Strategy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Globalized Markets and Industries; Government and Politics; International Relations; National Security; Growth and Development; History; Europe; Ukraine; European Union; Russia
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      Abdelal, Rawi, Rafael M. Di Tella, Sogomon Tarontsi, and Lavinia Teodorescu. "Ukraine: On the Border of Europe and Eurasia." Harvard Business School Case 714-042, March 2014. (Revised January 2025.)
      • February 2014
      • Case

      Tommy Koh: Background and Major Accomplishments of the 'Great Negotiator, 2014'

      By: James K. Sebenius and Laurence A. Green
      Significant negotiation-related achievements from the career of Ambassador Tommy Koh of Singapore are highlighted in brief form along with elements of his background and career. In light of these accomplishments, Koh was selected as the recipient of the 2014 Great... View Details
      Keywords: Multiparty Negotiations; Dispute Resolution; Conference Diplomacy; Free Trade Agreements Environment; Environment; Singapore; ASEAN; United Nations; Negotiation; International Relations; Personal Development and Career; Trade; Conflict and Resolution; Singapore
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      Sebenius, James K., and Laurence A. Green. "Tommy Koh: Background and Major Accomplishments of the 'Great Negotiator, 2014'." Harvard Business School Case 914-021, February 2014.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Tommy Koh: Background and Major Accomplishments of the 'Great Negotiator, 2014'

      By: James K. Sebenius and Laurence A. Green
      Significant negotiation-related achievements from career of Ambassador Tommy Koh of Singapore are highlighted in brief form along with elements of his background and career. In light of these accomplishments, Koh was selected as the recipient of the 2014 Great... View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation; International Relations; Personal Development and Career; United States; Singapore; Baltic Countries; Southeast Asia
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      Sebenius, James K., and Laurence A. Green. "Tommy Koh: Background and Major Accomplishments of the 'Great Negotiator, 2014'." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-049, December 2013. (Revised February 2014.)
      • 2011
      • Chapter

      Regional Trade Integration and Multinational Firm Strategies

      By: Pol Antras and C. Fritz Foley
      This paper analyzes the effects of the formation of a regional trade agreement on the level and nature of multinational firm activity. We examine aggregate data that captures the response of U.S. multinational firms to the formation of the ASEAN free trade agreement.... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Multinational Firms and Management; Globalized Markets and Industries; Analytics and Data Science; Agreements and Arrangements; United States
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      Antras, Pol, and C. Fritz Foley. "Regional Trade Integration and Multinational Firm Strategies." In Costs and Benefits of Regional Economic Integration in Asia, edited by Robert J. Barro and Jong-Wha Lee. Oxford University Press, 2011.
      • February 2010 (Revised April 2011)
      • Case

      The Political Economy of Carbon Trading

      By: Forest L. Reinhardt, J. Gunnar Trumbull, Mikell Hyman, Patia McGrath and Nazli Zeynep Uludere
      Global climate change is an increasingly prominent political and business problem. Design of market-based systems to reduce carbon emissions has proven difficult. More broadly, national attempts to comply with the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol present both... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; International Relations; Risk Management; Agreements and Arrangements; Business and Government Relations; Natural Environment; Pollutants; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Public Administration Industry
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      Reinhardt, Forest L., J. Gunnar Trumbull, Mikell Hyman, Patia McGrath, and Nazli Zeynep Uludere. "The Political Economy of Carbon Trading." Harvard Business School Case 710-056, February 2010. (Revised April 2011.)
      • January 2010 (Revised October 2010)
      • Case

      Colombia: Strong Fundamentals, Global Risk

      By: Aldo Musacchio, Richard H. K. Vietor, Jonathan Schlefer and Carolina Camacho
      By mid-2009 Colombian President Alvaro Uribe had ended decades of virtual civil war and strengthened the business climate, but he faced tough economic challenges. Though he had instituted prominent market reforms and brought inflation down sharply, Colombia seemed... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Growth; Macroeconomics; Trade; Global Strategy; Infrastructure; Business and Government Relations; Colombia
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      Musacchio, Aldo, Richard H. K. Vietor, Jonathan Schlefer, and Carolina Camacho. "Colombia: Strong Fundamentals, Global Risk." Harvard Business School Case 710-012, January 2010. (Revised October 2010.)
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Regional Trade Integration and Multinational Firm Strategies

      By: Pol Antras and C. Fritz Foley
      This paper analyzes the effects of the formation of a regional trade agreement on the level and nature of multinational firm activity. We examine aggregate data that captures the response of U.S. multinational firms to the formation of the ASEAN free trade agreement.... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Globalized Economies and Regions; Multinational Firms and Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Agreements and Arrangements; Southeast Asia; United States
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      Antras, Pol, and C. Fritz Foley. "Regional Trade Integration and Multinational Firm Strategies." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 14891, April 2009.
      • August 2005 (Revised March 2024)
      • Background Note

      Spotting Institutional Voids in Emerging Markets

      By: Tarun Khanna and Krishna Palepu
      With the demise of communism, many countries in the world are striving to build their economic activity around markets and to participate in free trade arrangements, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), European Union (EU), and North American Free Trade... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets
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      Khanna, Tarun, and Krishna Palepu. "Spotting Institutional Voids in Emerging Markets." Harvard Business School Background Note 106-014, August 2005. (Revised March 2024.)
      • April 1995 (Revised August 1995)
      • Case

      World Trade Organization, The: Toward Free Trade or World Bureaucracy?

      By: George C. Lodge and Jack High
      In January 1995, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) evolved into the World Trade Organization (WTO), which faced the task of implementing the recently approved Uruguay Round of international trade agreements. This case describes the development of GATT,... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Agreements and Arrangements; Negotiation Process; Business and Government Relations
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      Lodge, George C., and Jack High. "World Trade Organization, The: Toward Free Trade or World Bureaucracy?" Harvard Business School Case 795-149, April 1995. (Revised August 1995.)
      • September 1993 (Revised October 1994)
      • Case

      Environment and International Trade

      By: Forest L. Reinhardt
      During the 1990s, environmental activists became interested in trade issues for the first time. Whereas GATT, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, had previously been the province of trade specialists, a new poster popular among environmentalists depicted the... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Environmental Sustainability; Science-Based Business; Policy; Government and Politics; Agreements and Arrangements; Alliances; Globalization; International Relations; Conflict of Interests
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      Reinhardt, Forest L. "Environment and International Trade." Harvard Business School Case 794-018, September 1993. (Revised October 1994.)
      • October 1991 (Revised February 1995)
      • Case

      North American Free Trade Agreement

      By: Ray A. Goldberg
      Keywords: Trade; Agreements and Arrangements
      Citation
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      Goldberg, Ray A. "North American Free Trade Agreement." Harvard Business School Case 592-039, October 1991. (Revised February 1995.)
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