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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Management and Firm Dynamism

      By: Nicholas Bloom, Jonathan S. Hartley, Raffaella Sadun, Rachel Schuh and John Van Reenen
      We show better-managed firms are more dynamic in plant acquisitions, disposals, openings and closings in U.S. Census and international data. Better-managed firms also birth better-managed plants, and improve the performance of the plants they acquire. To explain these... View Details
      Keywords: Management Practices; Productivity; Management Practices and Processes; Mergers and Acquisitions; Competition; Business or Company Management; Performance Productivity
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      Bloom, Nicholas, Jonathan S. Hartley, Raffaella Sadun, Rachel Schuh, and John Van Reenen. "Management and Firm Dynamism." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-052, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • Book

      The Experimentation Machine: Finding Product–Market Fit in the Age of AI

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang
      Leverage AI to be a 10x Founder

      Today’s most successful founders know that the startups that learn the fastest will win. In The Experimentation Machine, I reveal how AI is transforming the way startups find product-market fit and scale.... View Details
      Keywords: AI; Founder; Startup; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Market Entry and Exit
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J. The Experimentation Machine: Finding Product–Market Fit in the Age of AI. Damn Gravity Media, 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Supplement

      eBee: Affordable Mobility for Africa

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Gamze Yucaoglu and Jordan Mitchell
      The case opens in March 2023, as Sten van der Ham and Jaap Maljers, CEO and co-founder of eBee, an electric bike (e-bike) company in Africa, are contemplating the different avenues for growth and path to profitability for the young and ambitious company. In 2023, the... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Value Creation; Competition; Logistics; Profit; Resource Allocation; Expansion; Business Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Bicycle Industry; Africa; Kenya
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Gamze Yucaoglu, and Jordan Mitchell. "eBee: Affordable Mobility for Africa." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 725-855, February 2025.
      • January 2025 (Revised April 2025)
      • Case

      Duolingo: On a 'Streak'

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Nicole Tempest Keller and Nicole Luo
      In December 2024, Severin Hacker, Co-Founder and Chief Technology Officer of Duolingo, reflected on the remarkable evolution of the language-learning app he helped launch in 2011. As the #1 most downloaded education app in the world, Duolingo had over 100 million... View Details
      Keywords: Learning; AI and Machine Learning; Growth and Development Strategy; Motivation and Incentives; Diversification; Business Model; Market Entry and Exit; Technology Industry; Education Industry; United States
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Nicole Tempest Keller, and Nicole Luo. "Duolingo: On a 'Streak'." Harvard Business School Case 825-097, January 2025. (Revised April 2025.)
      • October 2024
      • Article

      How to Use Sales Assessments

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Judging a person’s fit for a sales job is complex, and research shows that managers greatly overrate their ability to predict someone’s performance on the basis of interviews. Hence, using assessments is a growing trend in sales hiring and training. This article... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Performance Evaluation; Sales
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "How to Use Sales Assessments." Top Sales Magazine (October 2024), 10–11.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Pitfalls of Demographic Forecasts of U.S. Elections

      By: Richard Calvo, Vincent Pons and Jesse M. Shapiro
      Many observers have forecast large partisan shifts in the US electorate based on demographic trends. Such forecasts are appealing because demographic trends are often predictable even over long horizons. We backtest demographic forecasts using data on US elections... View Details
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Voting; Political Elections; Trends; Forecasting and Prediction; Demographics
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      Calvo, Richard, Vincent Pons, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "Pitfalls of Demographic Forecasts of U.S. Elections." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 33016, October 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Case

      Xendit: Hiring for Growth

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Steve Castano, Quoc Anh Nguyen and Claire Wu
      In 2019, Xendit, a growth-stage Southeast Asia (SEA) fintech venture based in Jakarta, was looking to hire a Head of Sales and Head of Product to lead its next phase of growth. Founded by Moses Lo and Tessa Wijaya, Xendit provided payment infrastructure, modeling... View Details
      Keywords: Fintech; Financing and Loans; Entrepreneurship; Jobs and Positions; Sales; Product; Growth and Development; Selection and Staffing; Organizational Culture; Expansion; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; Southeast Asia; Indonesia; Philippines
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Steve Castano, Quoc Anh Nguyen, and Claire Wu. "Xendit: Hiring for Growth." Harvard Business School Case 825-046, September 2024.
      • April 2024 (Revised February 2025)
      • Teaching Note

      eBee: Affordable Mobility for Africa

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Gamze Yucaoglu and Jordan Mitchell
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 724-360.The case opens in March 2023, as Sten van der Ham and Jaap Maljers, CEO and co-founder of eBee, an electric bike (e-bike) company in Africa, are contemplating the different avenues for growth and path to profitability for the... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Value Creation; Competition; Expansion; Logistics; Profit; Resource Allocation; Corporate Strategy; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Strategy; Product Marketing; Entrepreneurial Finance; Bicycle Industry; Africa; Kenya
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Gamze Yucaoglu, and Jordan Mitchell. "eBee: Affordable Mobility for Africa." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-435, April 2024. (Revised February 2025.)
      • March–April 2024
      • Article

      How Fast Should Your Company Really Grow?

      By: Gary P. Pisano
      Growth—in revenues and profits—is the yardstick by which the competitive fitness and health of organizations is measured. Consistent profitable growth is thus a near universal goal for leaders—and an elusive one.

      To achieve that goal, companies need a growth... View Details
      Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Strategy; Organizational Culture
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      Pisano, Gary P. "How Fast Should Your Company Really Grow?" Harvard Business Review 102, no. 2 (March–April 2024): 38–45.
      • April 2024
      • Article

      How Our Ideological Out-Group Shapes Our Emotional Response to Our Shared Socio-Political Reality

      By: Julia Elad-Strenger, Amit Goldenberg, Tamar Saguy and Eran Halperin
      What shapes our emotional responses to socio-political events? Following the social identity approach, we suggest that individuals adjust their emotional responses to socio-political stimuli based on their ideological out-group's responses, in a manner that preserves... View Details
      Keywords: Political Ideology; Emotions; Identity; Groups and Teams; Israel
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      Elad-Strenger, Julia, Amit Goldenberg, Tamar Saguy, and Eran Halperin. "How Our Ideological Out-Group Shapes Our Emotional Response to Our Shared Socio-Political Reality." British Journal of Social Psychology 63, no. 2 (April 2024): 723–744.
      • March 2024
      • Case

      Fit for 55: Europe at a Climate Crossroads?

      By: Laura Jakli, Jonas Meckling and J. Gunnar Trumbull
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      Jakli, Laura, Jonas Meckling, and J. Gunnar Trumbull. "Fit for 55: Europe at a Climate Crossroads?" Harvard Business School Case 724-036, March 2024.
      • February 6, 2024
      • Article

      Find the AI Approach That Fits the Problem You’re Trying to Solve

      By: George Westerman, Sam Ransbotham and Chiara Farronato
      AI moves quickly, but organizations change much more slowly. What works in a lab may be wrong for your company right now. If you know the right questions to ask, you can make better decisions, regardless of how fast technology changes. You can work with your technical... View Details
      Keywords: Technology Adoption; AI and Machine Learning; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Technological Innovation; Analytics and Data Science
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      Westerman, George, Sam Ransbotham, and Chiara Farronato. "Find the AI Approach That Fits the Problem You’re Trying to Solve." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (February 6, 2024).
      • February 2024
      • Case

      Nuwa Capital: Investing During Uncertainty

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Fares Khrais
      Nuwa Capital (Nuwa) was a venture capital firm based in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates and Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. The business was founded in 2020 by Khaled Talhouni and his partners Sarah Abu Risheh, and Stephanie Nour Prince (they were later joined by Nitin Reen... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Investment; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Strategy; Decisions; Middle East; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Dubai; Bahrain
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Fares Khrais. "Nuwa Capital: Investing During Uncertainty." Harvard Business School Case 224-016, February 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups

      By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
      How does participating in open source software (OSS) communities spur entrepreneurial growth? To address this question, we analyze novel data matching accounts from GitHub—the largest OSS hosting platform—to the universe of global software venture-backed firms... View Details
      Keywords: Applications and Software; Open Source Distribution; Entrepreneurship; Business Growth and Maturation; Human Capital; Valuation; Corporate Strategy
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      Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-040, January 2024. (Revised August 2024.)
      • December 2023
      • Article

      Recover, Explore, Practice: The Transformative Potential of Sabbaticals

      By: Kira Schabram, Matt Bloom and DJ DiDonna
      Sabbaticals have seen an exponential growth in adoption over the last two decades and are ascribed extensive benefits by employers and employees alike. Little is known, however, about how individuals spend their time or how their experiences impact them after they... View Details
      Keywords: Sabbatical; Personal Development and Career; Employees
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      Schabram, Kira, Matt Bloom, and DJ DiDonna. "Recover, Explore, Practice: The Transformative Potential of Sabbaticals." Academy of Management Discoveries 9, no. 4 (December 2023): 441–468.
      • November–December 2023
      • Article

      Look the Part? The Role of Profile Pictures in Online Labor Markets

      By: Isamar Troncoso and Lan Luo
      Profile pictures are a key component of many freelancing platforms, a design choice that can impact hiring and matching outcomes. In this paper, we examine how appearance-based perceptions of a freelancer’s fit for the job (i.e., whether a freelancer "looks the part"... View Details
      Keywords: Freelancers; Gig Workers; Demographics; Prejudice and Bias; Selection and Staffing; Jobs and Positions; Analytics and Data Science
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      Troncoso, Isamar, and Lan Luo. "Look the Part? The Role of Profile Pictures in Online Labor Markets." Marketing Science 42, no. 6 (November–December 2023): 1080–1100.
      • October 2023 (Revised April 2024)
      • Case

      FARM Rio: Bringing a Brazilian Fashion Brand to the World

      By: Isamar Troncoso and Jill Avery
      FARM Rio, a twenty-six year old Brazilian fashion brand, had recently put down roots in the U.S. The brand, known for its bold, colorful, nature-inspired tropical prints, was testing the waters in Europe to assess if and how the brand should further expand globally.... View Details
      Keywords: Global Marketing; Go-to-market Strategy; Global Branding; Brand Positioning; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Positioning; Market Entry and Exit; Distribution Channels; Expansion; Fashion Industry; Brazil; United States; Europe
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      Troncoso, Isamar, and Jill Avery. "FARM Rio: Bringing a Brazilian Fashion Brand to the World." Harvard Business School Case 524-003, October 2023. (Revised April 2024.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Interest-Rate Risk and Household Portfolios

      By: Sylvain Catherine, Max Miller, James Paron and Natasha Sarin
      How are households exposed to interest-rate risk? When rates fall, households face lower future expected returns but those holding long-term assets—disproportionately the wealthy and middle-aged—experience capital gains. We study the hedging demand for long-term assets... View Details
      Keywords: Portfolio Choice; Social Security; Interest Rates; Investment Portfolio; Equality and Inequality; Welfare
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      Catherine, Sylvain, Max Miller, James Paron, and Natasha Sarin. "Interest-Rate Risk and Household Portfolios." Working Paper, October 2023. (Reject and Resubmit, American Economic Review.)
      • July–August 2023
      • Article

      Demand Learning and Pricing for Varying Assortments

      By: Kris Ferreira and Emily Mower
      Problem Definition: We consider the problem of demand learning and pricing for retailers who offer assortments of substitutable products that change frequently, e.g., due to limited inventory, perishable or time-sensitive products, or the retailer’s desire to... View Details
      Keywords: Experiments; Pricing And Revenue Management; Retailing; Demand Estimation; Pricing Algorithm; Marketing; Price; Demand and Consumers; Mathematical Methods
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      Ferreira, Kris, and Emily Mower. "Demand Learning and Pricing for Varying Assortments." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 25, no. 4 (July–August 2023): 1227–1244. (Finalist, Practice-Based Research Competition, MSOM (2021) and Finalist, Revenue Management & Pricing Section Practice Award, INFORMS (2019).)
      • 18 Jul 2023
      • Interview

      Jeffrey Rayport on Product Market Fit, Profit Market Fit and Whiplash, and More

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Doug Levin
      This episode of "Lessons from Startup Life" podcast features Jeffrey Rayport, Senior Lecturer of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School. Jeffrey specializes in teaching and researching growth-stage technology ventures and their scalability. Prior to... View Details
      Keywords: Scaling And Growth; Start-up; Diversity; Equity; Inclusion; Technology; Business Startups; Product Marketing; Business Growth and Maturation
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      "Jeffrey Rayport on Product Market Fit, Profit Market Fit and Whiplash, and More." Lessons from a Startup Life (podcast), July 18, 2023.
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