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      • June 2025
      • Case

      TagHive: Edtech Pricing and Distributor Decisions

      By: Isamar Troncoso, Frank V. Cespedes and Stacy Straaberg
      Education technology (edtech) company TagHive, founded in 2017, used a direct sales team and third-party distributors to sell its Class Saathi hardware and software solution to 300 clients, mainly primary and secondary schools in India. The product aimed to improve... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Social Marketing; Information Infrastructure; Information Technology; Internet and the Web; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Technology Adoption; Education; Teaching; Price; Customer Relationship Management; Customer Satisfaction; Growth and Development; Technological Innovation; Education Industry; Technology Industry; India; South Korea
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      Troncoso, Isamar, Frank V. Cespedes, and Stacy Straaberg. "TagHive: Edtech Pricing and Distributor Decisions." Harvard Business School Case 525-001, June 2025.
      • May 2025
      • Case

      Initial Financial Statements at Blank Corporation: Bridging Content and Commerce

      By: Jung Koo Kang, Panje Jayden Kim and David Allen
      This accounting case is intended to teach students how to compile an income statement, a balance sheet, and a cash flow statement. It focuses on Blank Corporation, an innovative South Korean company that bridged content and commerce by selling products directly through... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Financial Statements; Business Startups; Social Media; Advertising; Digital Marketing; Consumer Products Industry; South Korea
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      Kang, Jung Koo, Panje Jayden Kim, and David Allen. "Initial Financial Statements at Blank Corporation: Bridging Content and Commerce ." Harvard Business School Case 125-021, May 2025.
      • April 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Background Note

      Customer Acquisition and the Cash Flow Trap

      By: E. Ofek, Barak Libai and Eitan Muller
      Startups as well as existing firms recognize the need to invest in order to acquire customers for their new ventures. And as each customer is expected at some point to have generated sufficient gross margins to cover their CAC, management expects that, soon enough, the... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Customers; Forecasting and Prediction; Cash Flow; Business or Company Management
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      Ofek, E., Barak Libai, and Eitan Muller. "Customer Acquisition and the Cash Flow Trap." Harvard Business School Background Note 525-056, April 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • April 2025
      • Supplement

      Customer Acquisition and the Cash Flow Trap Supplement

      By: E. Ofek, Barak Libai and Eitan Muller
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      Ofek, E., Barak Libai, and Eitan Muller. "Customer Acquisition and the Cash Flow Trap Supplement." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 525-709, April 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Case

      Blue Owl Financing of Ping Identity

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Srimayi Mylavarapu
      In the fall of 2022, Blue Owl Capital's investment committee evaluated a potential investment in the technology sector. The proposed transaction centered on Ping Identity Corporation (“Ping”), a fast-growing identity access management (IAM) software company that was... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Borrowing and Debt; Cash Flow; Investment; Privatization; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Srimayi Mylavarapu. "Blue Owl Financing of Ping Identity." Harvard Business School Case 225-078, February 2025.
      • November 2024 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Tim Ferriss: What Might This Look like If It Were Easy?

      By: Reza Satchu and Denise Koller
      In April 2024, writer-podcaster Tim Ferriss—celebrated as the “Oprah of audio” for his billion-download show and known for NYT-bestsellers like The 4-Hour Workweek—found himself at a crossroads. Despite generating a multi-million-dollar annual revenue with just three... View Details
      Keywords: Transition; Personal Development and Career; Business Strategy; Decision Choices and Conditions; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Media and Broadcasting Industry
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      Satchu, Reza, and Denise Koller. "Tim Ferriss: What Might This Look like If It Were Easy?" Harvard Business School Case 825-091, November 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
      • October 2024
      • Supplement

      Hakluyt: from Corporate Intelligence to Trusted Advisors (B)

      By: Joseph B. Fuller and Lena Duchene
      This case is a continuation of an earlier study chronicling Hakluyt & Company (Hakluyt)’s transformation from an obscure boutique to a global corporate advisory firm with an outsized reputation. In August 2024, the firm faced a pivotal moment as managing partner Varun... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Talent and Talent Management; Capital Structure; Cash Flow; Corporate Finance; Equity; Stock Shares; Corporate Governance; Business History; Compensation and Benefits; Recruitment; Leadership Style; Growth Management; Management Succession; Management Teams; Organizational Culture; Performance Evaluation; Networks; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Consulting Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; England; London
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      Fuller, Joseph B., and Lena Duchene. "Hakluyt: from Corporate Intelligence to Trusted Advisors (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 825-087, October 2024.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Bank Capital and the Growth of Private Credit

      By: Sergey Chernenko, Robert Ialenti and David Scharfstein
      We show that business development companies (BDCs), a significant source of private credit, are very well capitalized according to bank capital frameworks. These types of private credit funds have median risk-based capital ratios of about 36%, which is 26 percentage... View Details
      Keywords: Financing and Loans; Capital; Credit; Financial Institutions
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      Chernenko, Sergey, Robert Ialenti, and David Scharfstein. "Bank Capital and the Growth of Private Credit." Working Paper, June 2025.
      • September 2024
      • Case

      InfraCredit and the Project Inception Facility

      By: John Macomber, Namrata Arora and Maagatha Kalavadakken
      Around the world, large infrastructure projects are frequently stymied by the high cost and high uncertainty of the project inception phase: the research and engineering and planning prior to financial close and start of construction. Could there be a new kind of... View Details
      Keywords: Infrastructure; Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Cost; Cash Flow; Capital; Assets; Financial Markets; Financial Strategy; Insurance; Energy; Product Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Business Strategy; Credit; Financial Services Industry; Energy Industry; Banking Industry; Africa; Nigeria
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      Macomber, John, Namrata Arora, and Maagatha Kalavadakken. "InfraCredit and the Project Inception Facility." Harvard Business School Case 225-027, September 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Supplement

      National Public Broadcasting (B)

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      Pre-abstract: Instructors should consider the timing of making videos available to students, as they may reveal key case details.
      Abstract: This (B) case supplement is designed for use by faculty only to support classroom instruction in conjunction with... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Strategy; Financial Management; Media; Ownership; Strategy; Advertising; Decision Choices and Conditions; Entrepreneurship; Financing and Loans; Mergers and Acquisitions; Private Equity; Journalism and News Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "National Public Broadcasting (B)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 225-706, September 2024.
      • September 2024
      • Case

      Cathay Cargo: Turnaround Short Haul, or Double Crew Long Haul?

      By: Willy Shih and Billy Chan
      Tom Owen, Director Cargo at Cathay Pacific Airways, had a problem. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the grounding of passenger flights meant the sudden loss of 50% of the airline's cargo carrying capacity. But the bigger challenge was that the Hong Kong government imposed... View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Resource Allocation; Cash Flow; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Health Pandemics; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Decision Choices and Conditions; Air Transportation Industry; Hong Kong
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      Shih, Willy, and Billy Chan. "Cathay Cargo: Turnaround Short Haul, or Double Crew Long Haul?" Harvard Business School Case 625-019, September 2024.
      • May 2024
      • Tutorial

      Crash Tutorial on Cash Flow Statements for MBA Students

      By: Jung Koo Kang
      Keywords: Cash Flow
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      Kang, Jung Koo. Crash Tutorial on Cash Flow Statements for MBA Students. Harvard Business School Tutorial 124-715, May 2024.
      • May 2024 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Hakluyt: From Corporate Intelligence to Trusted Advisors

      By: Joseph B. Fuller and Lena Duchene
      Established in 1995 by a group of ex-British intelligence officers, Hakluyt & Company (Hakluyt) was a corporate advisory firm that generated insights by leveraging a unique blend of internal expertise and a global network of well-connected individuals. Since 2019, the... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Talent and Talent Management; Capital Structure; Cash Flow; Corporate Finance; Equity; Stock Shares; Corporate Governance; Business History; Compensation and Benefits; Recruitment; Leadership Style; Growth Management; Management Succession; Organizational Culture; Performance Evaluation; Networks; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Transformation; Consulting Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; England; London
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      Fuller, Joseph B., and Lena Duchene. "Hakluyt: From Corporate Intelligence to Trusted Advisors." Harvard Business School Case 824-200, May 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Does the Case for Private Equity Still Hold?

      By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Philipp Chvanov
      Private Equity (“PE”) received a 10-fold increase in capital flows since the Great Financial Crisis (“GFC”) Investors sought higher nominal returns relative to those they could obtain in the public capital markets. This paper questions the fundamental assumptions... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Investment Return; Investment Portfolio; Financial Markets
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      Lietz, Nori Gerardo, and Philipp Chvanov. "Does the Case for Private Equity Still Hold?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-066, January 2024.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Precautionary Debt Capacity

      By: Deniz Aydin and Olivia S. Kim
      The determinants of debt capacity are a central theme in finance and macroeconomics, yet it remains unclear why firms leave some of their debt capacity unused and whether this affects investment and growth. Textbook theory suggests that firms should not leave their... View Details
      Keywords: Borrowing and Debt; Credit; Financing and Loans
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      Aydin, Deniz, and Olivia S. Kim. "Precautionary Debt Capacity." SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 2024/01. (Best Paper Award, Red Rock Finance Conference.)
      • January 2024
      • Technical Note

      Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds: A Primer

      By: Jo Tango and Christina Wallace
      How do venture capital and private equity funds actually work? This Technical Note covers the "when, who, and how" details:
      • "When": fund length, extensions, and when investors can no longer initiate new investments.
      • "Who": who is in the General... View Details
      Keywords: Fund Flows; Fund Management; Venture Capital; Private Equity; Investment Funds
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      Tango, Jo, and Christina Wallace. "Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds: A Primer." Harvard Business School Technical Note 824-123, January 2024.
      • January 2024 (Revised May 2024)
      • Case

      Pioneer Natural Resources: Enhancing the Capital Return Strategy with Variable Dividends

      By: Benjamin C. Esty, Elisabeth Kempf and E. Scott Mayfield
      In February 2021, Scott Sheffield, the CEO of Pioneer Natural Resources (an independent oil and gas company based in Texas), was considering the possibility of enhancing the firm’s capital return strategy by introducing a variable dividend tied to cash flows in... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Finance; Cash Flow; Financial Management; Financial Strategy; Value Creation; Decision Choices and Conditions; Investment Return; Profit; Policy; Business and Shareholder Relations; Energy Industry; United States; North America; Texas
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      Esty, Benjamin C., Elisabeth Kempf, and E. Scott Mayfield. "Pioneer Natural Resources: Enhancing the Capital Return Strategy with Variable Dividends." Harvard Business School Case 224-001, January 2024. (Revised May 2024.)
      • November 2023 (Revised April 2024)
      • Case

      BiomX: Bringing Phage Back to the Stage

      By: Paul A. Gompers, Elie Ofek, Orna Dan and Emilie Billaud
      In the spring of 2023, and following the favorable results of a trial involving its phage cocktail for treating lung infections among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, the leadership of BiomX had several critical issues to wrestle with. First, given its precarious... View Details
      Keywords: Working Capital; Financing and Loans; Health Testing and Trials; Product Development; Research and Development; Science-Based Business; Commercialization; Biotechnology Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Gompers, Paul A., Elie Ofek, Orna Dan, and Emilie Billaud. "BiomX: Bringing Phage Back to the Stage." Harvard Business School Case 524-051, November 2023. (Revised April 2024.)
      • November 2023
      • Case

      Will Fintechs and Central Banks Play in Emtech's Sandbox?

      By: Daniel Isenberg and William R. Kerr
      In February 2023, Emtech’s founder Carmelle Cadet is facing a dilemma. Rapidly running out of cash, Cadet has a term sheet from a leading VC but has a choice of how to structure the investment. The decision will have significant implications for Cadet’s own stake, as... View Details
      Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Business Startups; Venture Capital; Cash Flow; Currency; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Digital Platforms
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      Isenberg, Daniel, and William R. Kerr. "Will Fintechs and Central Banks Play in Emtech's Sandbox?" Harvard Business School Case 824-096, November 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Optimal Stock Valuation Ratio

      By: Sebastian Hillenbrand and Odhrain McCarthy
      Trailing price ratios, such as the price-dividend and the price-earnings ratio, scale prices by trailing cash flow measures. They theoretically contain expected returns, yet, their performance in predicting stock market returns is poor. This is because of an omitted... View Details
      Keywords: Price; Investment Return; AI and Machine Learning; Valuation; Cash Flow; Forecasting and Prediction
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      Hillenbrand, Sebastian, and Odhrain McCarthy. "The Optimal Stock Valuation Ratio." Working Paper, November 2023.
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