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Publications

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  • All HBS Web  (24)
    • Faculty Publications  (7)

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    • All HBS Web  (24)
      • Faculty Publications  (7)

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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Bank Capital and the Growth of Private Credit

      By: Sergey Chernenko, Robert Ialenti and David Scharfstein
      We show that business development companies (BDCs)—closed-end funds that provide a significant share of nonbank loans to middle market firms—are very well capitalized according to bank capital frameworks. They have median risk-based capital ratios of about 36%... View Details
      Keywords: Financing and Loans; Capital; Credit; Financial Institutions
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      Chernenko, Sergey, Robert Ialenti, and David Scharfstein. "Bank Capital and the Growth of Private Credit." Working Paper, March 2025.
      • January 2023 (Revised January 2024)
      • Case

      Digital Transformation at Tata Steel

      By: Krishna Palepu, Das Narayandas, Radhika Kak and Rachna Tahilyani
      T.V. Narendran, CEO of Tata Steel, India’s oldest steel manufacturing firm, had taken concrete business and cultural transformation steps to future-ready the firm since taking over in 2013. He had deleveraged and instilled financial discipline, acquired new businesses,... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Transformation; Digital Strategy; Change Management; Growth and Development Strategy; E-commerce; Steel Industry; Asia; India
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      Palepu, Krishna, Das Narayandas, Radhika Kak, and Rachna Tahilyani. "Digital Transformation at Tata Steel." Harvard Business School Case 323-053, January 2023. (Revised January 2024.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      High-Yield Debt Covenants and Their Real Effects

      By: Falk Bräuning, Victoria Ivashina and Ali Ozdagli
      High-yield debt including leveraged loans is characterized by incurrence financial covenants, or “cov-lite” provisions. A traditional loan agreement includes maintenance covenants, which require continuous compliance with the covenant threshold, and their violation... View Details
      Keywords: Debt Covenants; Incurrence Covenants; Borrowing and Debt; Banks and Banking
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      Bräuning, Falk, Victoria Ivashina, and Ali Ozdagli. "High-Yield Debt Covenants and Their Real Effects." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29888, March 2022.
      • September 2017
      • Teaching Note

      The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?

      By: Laura Alfaro and Hayley Pallan
      In the early 21st century, there was a noticeable trend of declining productivity growth. Despite the persistent decline in productivity growth, a consensus on its explanation had not been reached. Some of the debate focused on the technicalities of productivity... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Productivity; Measurement and Metrics; Technological Innovation; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Globalization; Business and Government Relations
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Hayley Pallan. "The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?" Harvard Business School Teaching Note 718-014, September 2017.
      • September 2017 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?

      By: Laura Alfaro, Hayley Pallan and Sarah Jeong
      In the early 21st century, there was a noticeable trend of declining productivity growth. Despite the persistent decline in productivity growth, a consensus on its explanation had not been reached. Some of the debate focused on the technicalities of productivity... View Details
      Keywords: Productivity; Performance Productivity; Measurement and Metrics; Technological Innovation; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Globalization; Business and Government Relations
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      Alfaro, Laura, Hayley Pallan, and Sarah Jeong. "The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?" Harvard Business School Case 718-013, September 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Systemic Risk and the Refinancing Ratchet Effect

      By: Amir E. Khandani, Andrew W. Lo and Robert C. Merton
      The confluence of three trends in the U.S. residential housing market—rising home prices, declining interest rates, and near-frictionless refinancing opportunities—led to vastly increased systemic risk in the financial system. Individually, each of these trends is... View Details
      Keywords: Housing; Mortgages; Risk and Uncertainty; Value; Mathematical Methods; Real Estate Industry; United States
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      Khandani, Amir E., Andrew W. Lo, and Robert C. Merton. "Systemic Risk and the Refinancing Ratchet Effect." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 15362, September 2009.
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Systemic Risk and the Refinancing Ratchet Effect

      By: Amir E. Khandani, Andrew W. Lo and Robert C. Merton
      The confluence of three trends in the U.S. residential housing market-rising home prices, declining interest rates, and near-frictionless refinancing opportunities-led to vastly increased systemic risk in the financial system. Individually, each of these trends is... View Details
      Keywords: Equity; Mortgages; Interest Rates; Price; Housing; Risk and Uncertainty; United States
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      Khandani, Amir E., Andrew W. Lo, and Robert C. Merton. "Systemic Risk and the Refinancing Ratchet Effect." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-023, September 2009. (Revised July 2010.)
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