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- June 2025
- Case
TfL Pension Fund and the 2022 Gilt Market Crisis
By: Emil N. Siriwardane, Vincent Dessain, Emer Moloney and Carlota Moniz
On September 27, 2022, Padmesh Shukla, CIO of the Transport for London (TfL) Pension Fund, was keeping a careful eye on the turmoil in the U.K. sovereign bond (or gilt) market. When the new government announced the largest tax cuts the U.K. had seen in half a century,... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Macroeconomics; Assets; Asset Management; Borrowing and Debt; Corporate Finance; Capital Markets; Equity; Public Equity; Private Equity; Financial Liquidity; Financial Instruments; Debt Securities; Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Bonds; Stocks; Financial Strategy; Interest Rates; Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Crisis Management; Resource Allocation; Investment; Financial Services Industry; United Kingdom; England; London; Europe
- 2025
- Chapter
Critical Choices in Designing a Board: An Overview
By: Suraj Srinivasan and Lynn S. Paine
Board design is never one-size-fits-all. It’s a series of critical choices—each with trade-offs—that can define how a board functions, governs, and delivers strategic value.
That’s the premise of "Critical Choices in Designing a Board," a... View Details
Keywords: Governing and Advisory Boards
Srinivasan, Suraj, and Lynn S. Paine. "Critical Choices in Designing a Board: An Overview." Chap. 3 in Board Structure and Composition, 17–23. Public Company Series. Caxton Business & Legal, Inc., 2025.
- June 2025
- Case
Vail Resorts: Responding to Activist Pressure (A)
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Edward A. Meyer
On January 27, 2025, the head of a relatively small hedge fund named Late Apex Partners sent a highly critical letter to the board of directors of Vail Resorts, the world’s largest ski resort operator. In his letter, and the 88-slide presentation that accompanied his... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Finance; Capital Budgeting; Corporate Governance; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Leading Change; Valuation; Investment Activism; Climate Change; Management Succession; Financial Management; Risk Management; Business and Shareholder Relations; Sports Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Travel Industry; United States; Australia; Canada
Esty, Benjamin C., and Edward A. Meyer. "Vail Resorts: Responding to Activist Pressure (A)." Harvard Business School Case 225-082, June 2025.
- June 2025
- Article
What Board-level Control Mechanisms Changed in Banks Following the 2008 Financial Crisis? A Descriptive Study
By: Shelly Li, Shivram Rajgopal, Suraj Srinivasan and Yu Ting Forester Wong
Following the 2008 financial crisis, the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC) identified major shortcomings in bank board governance, contributing to systemic risk management failures. This study adapts a management control framework and empirically examines... View Details
Keywords: Board Of Directors; Management Control; Governing and Advisory Boards; Governance Controls; Risk Management; Change Management; Banks and Banking; Financial Crisis
Li, Shelly, Shivram Rajgopal, Suraj Srinivasan, and Yu Ting Forester Wong. "What Board-level Control Mechanisms Changed in Banks Following the 2008 Financial Crisis? A Descriptive Study." Art. 101596. Accounting, Organizations and Society 114 (June 2025).
- April 2025 (Revised June 2025)
- Case
Governing Sustainability in a Shifting Context (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
In early 2025, boards of directors had to rethink corporate responsibility and sustainability efforts amid rapidly-shifting social, legal, regulatory, and economic forces. While just a few years earlier, calls to address racial justice and climate change reached into... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Corporate Governance; Diversity; Leadership; Business or Company Management; Mission and Purpose; Social Media; Race; Environmental Sustainability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; Lawfulness; Lawsuits and Litigation; Measurement and Metrics; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Social Issues; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Banking Industry; United States
Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Governing Sustainability in a Shifting Context (A)." Harvard Business School Case 325-121, April 2025. (Revised June 2025.)
- February 2025
- Case
Abiomed: Clinical Trials and Tribulations
By: Satish Tadikonda, Faith Robertson and William Marks
After receiving 510(k) clearance for the Impella 2.5 device, Abiomed had proceeded to conduct a premarket approval (PMA) process as well to prove clinical superiority, earn greater protection, and extend commercial runway. However, in the middle of the clinical trial... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Disclosure; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Health Testing and Trials; Product Launch; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Tadikonda, Satish, Faith Robertson, and William Marks. "Abiomed: Clinical Trials and Tribulations." Harvard Business School Case 825-096, February 2025.
- January 2025
- Case
Cyber Oversight: SolarWinds Board of Directors
By: Lynn S. Paine
In 2020, just two years after its IPO, information technology company SolarWinds discovered that it was the victim of an attack on its information systems by Russian hackers. The incident, known as the Sunburst attack, was costly for the company, and certain... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Corporate Accountability; Governing and Advisory Boards; Cybersecurity; Lawsuits and Litigation; Legal Liability; Business and Shareholder Relations; Risk Management; Information Technology Industry; United States; Texas; Delaware
Paine, Lynn S. "Cyber Oversight: SolarWinds Board of Directors." Harvard Business School Case 325-080, January 2025.
- December 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
Strategy and CEO Succession at Starbucks
By: Krishna G. Palepu and David Lane
On August 13, 2024, Starbucks announced that Laxman Narasimhan who was appointed as the CEO only in September 2023, was stepping down as CEO and board director “with immediate effect.” Laxman would be replaced on September 9 by Brian Niccol, CEO since 2018 of Chipotle... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Corporate Governance; Leadership; Management Succession; Cost Management; Labor Unions; Working Conditions; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Service Operations; Investment Activism; Governing and Advisory Boards; Resignation and Termination; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
Palepu, Krishna G., and David Lane. "Strategy and CEO Succession at Starbucks." Harvard Business School Case 125-040, December 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- November–December 2024
- Article
How Robust Is Your Climate Governance?
By: Lynn S. Paine and Suraj Srinivasan
During the past few years, as evidence of climate change and its effects has mounted, many corporate boards have added climate governance to their agendas. But the maturity of boards’ climate-oversight processes and activities varies widely.
To better... View Details
To better... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Climate Change; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Governing and Advisory Boards
Paine, Lynn S., and Suraj Srinivasan. "How Robust Is Your Climate Governance?" Harvard Business Review 102, no. 6 (November–December 2024): 86–95.
- December 2024
- Article
Proxy Advisory Firms and Corporate Shareholder Engagement
By: Aiyesha Dey, Austin Starkweather and Joshua White
We study how Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) affect firms’ engagement with shareholders. Our analyses exploit a quasi-natural experiment using say-on-pay voting outcomes near a threshold that triggers ISS to review engagement activities. Firms receiving ISS... View Details
Dey, Aiyesha, Austin Starkweather, and Joshua White. "Proxy Advisory Firms and Corporate Shareholder Engagement." Review of Financial Studies 37, no. 12 (December 2024): 3877–3931.
- November 2024
- Background Note
Nonprofit Governance: Some Basics
By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
This background note discusses basics about the prevalence, purpose, and unique legal, governance and regulatory dynamics of nonprofits and their boards of directors. The note describes both similarities and differences between for-profit and non-profit governance,... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Leadership; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; United States
Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Nonprofit Governance: Some Basics." Harvard Business School Background Note 325-067, November 2024.
- November–December 2024
- Article
Group Size and Its Impact on Diversity-Related Perceptions and Hiring Decisions in Homogeneous Groups
By: Aneesh Rai, Edward H. Chang, Erika Kirgios and Katherine L. Milkman
Why do some homogeneous groups face backlash for lacking diversity, whereas others escape censure? We show that a homogeneous group’s size changes how it is perceived and whether decision makers pursue greater diversity in its ranks. We theorize that people make... View Details
Rai, Aneesh, Edward H. Chang, Erika Kirgios, and Katherine L. Milkman. "Group Size and Its Impact on Diversity-Related Perceptions and Hiring Decisions in Homogeneous Groups." Organization Science 35, no. 6 (November–December 2024): 1990–2015.
- November 2024
- Article
Stakeholder Amnesia in M&A Deals
By: Caley Petrucci and Guhan Subramanian
Public companies have increasingly embraced environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in the course of everyday business. However, these ESG considerations are virtually non-existent in merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions. Elon Musk’s recent acquisition... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Governing and Advisory Boards; Mergers and Acquisitions
Petrucci, Caley, and Guhan Subramanian. "Stakeholder Amnesia in M&A Deals." Journal of Corporation Law 50, no. 1 (November 2024): 87–147.
- Fall 2024
- Article
Redemption Mechanisms in Poison Pills: Evidence on Pill Design and Law Firm Effects
By: Olivier Baum and Guhan Subramanian
We present the first evidence on the incidence of “trip wire” versus “last look” poison pills. Using a hand-collected data set of 130 poison pills implemented and/or amended between January 1, 2020 and March 31, 2023, we find that pills are almost evenly divided... View Details
Baum, Olivier, and Guhan Subramanian. "Redemption Mechanisms in Poison Pills: Evidence on Pill Design and Law Firm Effects." Business Lawyer 79, no. 4 (Fall 2024): 1043–1069.
- September 2024
- Case
Topaz: Navigating Governance, Legacy, and Change
By: Christina R. Wing and Carla Larangeira
Since its founding in 2011, the Garza Sada brothers and their father positioned Topaz among leading family offices in Monterrey, Mexico, with several assets under management. Topaz aspired to have a transformative impact across multiple Mexican industries. An industry... View Details
Keywords: Business Conglomerates; Family Business; Governing and Advisory Boards; Managerial Roles; Management Succession; Family Ownership; Corporate Governance; Organizational Structure; Adoption; Financial Services Industry; Real Estate Industry; Education Industry; Energy Industry; Latin America; Mexico
Wing, Christina R., and Carla Larangeira. "Topaz: Navigating Governance, Legacy, and Change." Harvard Business School Case 625-062, September 2024.
- September 2024
- Case
Board Director Dilemmas: The Tradeoffs of Board Selection
By: David G. Fubini, Suraj Srinivasan and Patrick Sanguineti
After retiring from a long and successful career in financial auditing, Linda McGill looked forward to the prospect of joining a board. She felt the time was right to leverage the breadth of her experience while fulfilling one of her long-term goals. Though somewhat of... View Details
Keywords: Board Decisions; Corporate Boards; Board Networks; Cost vs Benefits; Governing and Advisory Boards; Retirement
Fubini, David G., Suraj Srinivasan, and Patrick Sanguineti. "Board Director Dilemmas: The Tradeoffs of Board Selection." Harvard Business School Case 425-023, September 2024.
- July 2024
- Case
Board Director Dilemmas: Strategic Leadership
By: David G. Fubini and Patrick Sanguineti
Professor John Michaels, a distinguished scholar of corporate strategy, has served on the Board of OmniCo, a diversified industrial giant, for four years. Three months ago, the Board appointed a new CEO, Andrew Bennett, to lead growth, develop a more cooperative... View Details
Keywords: Board; Board Dynamics; Strategic Leadership; Governing and Advisory Boards; Corporate Strategy; Organizational Culture; Leadership Style; Management Succession
Fubini, David G., and Patrick Sanguineti. "Board Director Dilemmas: Strategic Leadership." Harvard Business School Case 425-013, July 2024.
- June 2024 (Revised December 2024)
- Case
Climate Governance at Linde plc (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine, Suraj Srinivasan, Emilie Billaud and Vincent Dessain
In July 2023, the Linde plc board of directors' sustainability committee convened in London to review the company's environmental performance, with a focus on decarbonization and clean energy. Linde was the world's largest industrial gas supplier, with a workforce of... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Multinational Firms and Management; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Disclosure; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Compensation and Benefits; Innovation Strategy; Leading Change; Goals and Objectives; Business and Shareholder Relations; Chemical Industry; United States; Germany; Europe; North America; London
Paine, Lynn S., Suraj Srinivasan, Emilie Billaud, and Vincent Dessain. "Climate Governance at Linde plc (A)." Harvard Business School Case 324-140, June 2024. (Revised December 2024.)
- June 2024
- Supplement
Climate Governance at Linde plc (B)
By: Lynn S. Paine, Suraj Srinivasan, Emilie Billaud and Vincent Dessain
In July 2023, the Linde plc board of directors' sustainability committee convened in London to review the company's environmental performance, with a focus on decarbonization and clean energy. Linde was the world's largest industrial gas supplier, with a workforce of... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Multinational Firms and Management; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Disclosure; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Compensation and Benefits; Innovation Strategy; Leading Change; Goals and Objectives; Business and Shareholder Relations; Chemical Industry; Energy Industry; United States; Germany; Europe; North America; London
Paine, Lynn S., Suraj Srinivasan, Emilie Billaud, and Vincent Dessain. "Climate Governance at Linde plc (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 324-141, June 2024.
- April 2024 (Revised December 2024)
- Case
Anthropic: Building Safe AI
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
In late 2024, Anthropic, a leading AI safety and research company, achieved a significant breakthrough with computer use capabilities that allowed AI to interact with computers like humans. Co-founded by former OpenAI employees and known for its generative AI... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business Growth and Maturation; Corporate Strategy; Technology Industry; United States
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Shweta Bagai. "Anthropic: Building Safe AI." Harvard Business School Case 824-129, April 2024. (Revised December 2024.)