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    • All HBS Web  (191)
      • Faculty Publications  (19)

      Capacity UtilizationRemove Capacity Utilization →

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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Blockchain-Induced Supply Chain Transparency and Firm Performance: The Role of Capacity Utilization

      By: ShinWoo Lee Lee, Jedson Pinto, Daniel Rabetti and Gil Sadka
      This study empirically investigates how blockchain adoption affects firm profitability. Employing a quasi-experimental design triggered by regulatory changes across the United States, we provide novel empirical evidence to recent theory, proposing that blockchain... View Details
      Keywords: Blockchain; Supply Chain; Technology Adoption; Profit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; United States
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      Lee, ShinWoo Lee, Jedson Pinto, Daniel Rabetti, and Gil Sadka. "Blockchain-Induced Supply Chain Transparency and Firm Performance: The Role of Capacity Utilization." Working Paper, February 2025.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      When Batteries Meet Hydrogen: Dual-Storage Investments for Load-Shifting Purposes

      By: Christian Kaps and Simone Marinesi
      Power systems account for nearly 40% of global emissions. As the world tries to reduce emissions by increasing renewable penetration, storage technologies are playing an increasingly important role in matching variable renewable supply with demand. Batteries have... View Details
      Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Renewable Energy; Transition; Utilities Industry; Utilities Industry
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      Kaps, Christian, and Simone Marinesi. "When Batteries Meet Hydrogen: Dual-Storage Investments for Load-Shifting Purposes." Working Paper, October 2024.
      • May 2024
      • Article

      True Costs of Uterine Artery Embolization: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing in Interventional Radiology Over a 3-Year Period

      By: Julia C. Bulman, Nicole H. Kim, Robert S. Kaplan, Sarah Schroeppel DeBacker, Olga R. Brook and Ammar Sarwar
      The study used time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to estimate the costs to perform uterine artery embolization (UAE). Utilization times for patients undergoing outpatient UAE for fibroids or adenomyosis were captured from electronic health record timestamps and... View Details
      Keywords: Cost Accounting; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry
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      Bulman, Julia C., Nicole H. Kim, Robert S. Kaplan, Sarah Schroeppel DeBacker, Olga R. Brook, and Ammar Sarwar. "True Costs of Uterine Artery Embolization: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing in Interventional Radiology Over a 3-Year Period." Journal of the American College of Radiology 21, no. 5 (May 2024): 721–728.
      • January 2024 (Revised January 2025)
      • Case

      Colbún and Chile's Energy Transition

      By: Forest Reinhardt, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago and Mariana Cal
      In May 2023, Colbún, Chile’s second-largest electricity generator, plans capacity expansions using renewable energy and storage. This strategy supports Chile’s commitment to carbon neutrality (also known as net zero emissions) by 2050. The case delves into the... View Details
      Keywords: Transition; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Climate Change; Investment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Infrastructure; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Expansion; Business Strategy; Utilities Industry; Utilities Industry; Latin America; South America; Chile
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      Reinhardt, Forest, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago, and Mariana Cal. "Colbún and Chile's Energy Transition." Harvard Business School Case 724-026, January 2024. (Revised January 2025.)
      • December 2023
      • Article

      When Should the Off-Grid Sun Shine at Night? Optimum Renewable Generation and Energy Storage Investments

      By: Christian Kaps, Simone Marinesi and Serguei Netessine
      Globally, 1.5 billion people live off the grid, their only access to electricity often limited to operationally-expensive fossil fuel generators. Solar power has risen as a sustainable and less costly option, but its generation is variable during the day and... View Details
      Keywords: Energy; Renewable Energy
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      Kaps, Christian, Simone Marinesi, and Serguei Netessine. "When Should the Off-Grid Sun Shine at Night? Optimum Renewable Generation and Energy Storage Investments." Management Science 69, no. 12 (December 2023): 7633–7650.
      • February 2023 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Graphic Packaging: Project Cowboy (A)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and E. Scott Mayfield
      In July 2019, Graphic Packaging CEO Michael Doss was proposing a $600 million investment in a new machine to produce coated recycled board (CRB), a type of paper packaging used for consumer products (cups, cereal boxes, beverage boxes, etc.) that utilized recycled... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Budgeting; Growth Management; Demand and Consumers; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Expansion; Value Creation; Supply and Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; North America
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and E. Scott Mayfield. "Graphic Packaging: Project Cowboy (A)." Harvard Business School Case 223-009, February 2023. (Revised March 2025.)
      • February 2023
      • Supplement

      Graphic Packaging: Project Cowboy (A) Courseware

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Scott Mayfield
      In July 2019, Graphic Packaging CEO Michael Doss was proposing a $600 million investment in a new machine to produce coated recycled board (CRB), a type of paper packaging used for consumer products (cups, cereal boxes, beverage boxes, etc.) that utilized recycled... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Budgeting; Growth Management; Demand and Consumers; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Expansion; Value Creation; Supply and Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; North America
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Scott Mayfield. "Graphic Packaging: Project Cowboy (A) Courseware." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 223-709, February 2023.
      • March 2018
      • Case

      EKOL Logistics: Thinking Outside the Box

      By: Willy C. Shih and Esel Çekin
      This case describes Ekol, an intermodal transportation and logistics company, and how it manages capacity planning. Its busiest routes linked motor vehicle assemblers in Germany and Turkey with many of their parts suppliers, but it had also developed key links in... View Details
      Keywords: Growth And Development; Strategy; Intermodal Transportation; Short-sea Transportation; Capacity Management; Capacity Planning; Delivery Planning; Route Optimization; Car Spare Part; Auto Manufacturing; Automotive Supply Chain; Europe; Turkey; Service Design; Fast Fashion; Near-shoring; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Operations; Performance Capacity; Performance Efficiency; Logistics; Transportation Industry; Auto Industry; Turkey; Germany; Spain; European Union; Europe
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      Shih, Willy C., and Esel Çekin. "EKOL Logistics: Thinking Outside the Box." Harvard Business School Case 618-037, March 2018.
      • Article

      Describing Wait Time Bottlenecks for ED Patients Undergoing Head CT

      By: Jonathan G. Rogg, Robert S. Huckman, Michael Lev, Ali Raja, Yuchiao Chang and Benjamin White
      Study objectives: Facing increased utilization and subsequent capacity and budget constraints, EDs must better understand bottlenecks and their effect on process flow to improve process efficiency. The primary objective of this study was to identify bottlenecks in... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Bottleneck; Health Care and Treatment; Operations; Health Industry; United States
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      Rogg, Jonathan G., Robert S. Huckman, Michael Lev, Ali Raja, Yuchiao Chang, and Benjamin White. "Describing Wait Time Bottlenecks for ED Patients Undergoing Head CT." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 35, no. 10 (October 2017): 1510–1513.
      • May 2017
      • Case

      CNS Worldwide

      By: Robert J. Dolan and Karthik Easwar
      CNS Worldwide has long been the market share leader in the IaaS cloud server market, yet it has remained unprofitable for years. Industry capacity utilization is low, and prices have declined over 70% over the last decade. CNS is considering withdrawing from the market... View Details
      Keywords: Price; Marketing; Performance Capacity; Bids and Bidding; Analysis; Web Services Industry
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      Dolan, Robert J., and Karthik Easwar. "CNS Worldwide." Harvard Business School Brief Case 917-531, May 2017.
      • Fall 2016
      • Article

      Global Talent Flows

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr, Çağlar Özden and Christopher Parsons
      The global distribution of talent is highly skewed and the resources available to countries to develop and utilize their best and brightest vary substantially. The migration of skilled workers across countries tilts the deck even further. Using newly available data, we... View Details
      Keywords: Geographic Location; Human Capital; Entrepreneurship; Global Range; Competency and Skills; Immigration
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, Çağlar Özden, and Christopher Parsons. "Global Talent Flows." Journal of Economic Perspectives 30, no. 4 (Fall 2016): 83–106.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Global Talent Flows

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr, Çağlar Özden and Christopher Parsons
      The global distribution of talent is highly skewed and the resources available to countries to develop and utilize their best and brightest vary substantially. The migration of skilled workers across countries tilts the deck even further. Using newly available data, we... View Details
      Keywords: Migration; Talent; Diaspora; Diasporas; Talent and Talent Management; Immigration
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, Çağlar Özden, and Christopher Parsons. "Global Talent Flows." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-026, October 2016.
      • June 2016
      • Article

      When Doctors Go to Business School: Career Choices of Physician-MBAs

      By: Damir Ljuboja, Brian W. Powers, Benjamin Robbins, Robert S. Huckman, Krishna Yeshwant and Sachin Jain
      There has been substantial growth in the number of physicians pursuing Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees over the past decade, but there is continuing debate over the utility of these programs and the career outcomes of their graduates. The authors... View Details
      Keywords: Medical Education; MD; MBA; Physicians; Executive Education; Training; Personal Development and Career; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry; United States
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      Ljuboja, Damir, Brian W. Powers, Benjamin Robbins, Robert S. Huckman, Krishna Yeshwant, and Sachin Jain. "When Doctors Go to Business School: Career Choices of Physician-MBAs." American Journal of Managed Care 22, no. 6 (June 2016): e196–e198.
      • August 2012 (Revised September 2013)
      • Case

      EnerNOC: DemandSMART

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Kira Fabrizio and Stephanie van Sice
      EnerNOC is an energy company with an innovative business model: it serves as an intermediary between electric utilities and electricity users. It contracts with electricity users willing to reduce demand during periods of peak energy demand, and sells this as excess... View Details
      Keywords: Production Planning; Productivity; Environmental Protection; Energy; Environment; Business Government Relations; Laws And Regulation; Business Model; Environmental Sustainability; Innovation and Invention; Opportunities; Risk and Uncertainty; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Supply Chain Management; Production; Energy Conservation; Energy Industry
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      Toffel, Michael W., Kira Fabrizio, and Stephanie van Sice. "EnerNOC: DemandSMART." Harvard Business School Case 613-036, August 2012. (Revised September 2013.)
      • May 2011 (Revised August 2011)
      • Case

      The Offshore Drilling Industry in 2011

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Kenneth Corts and Joseph McElroy
      After booming in 2007 and early 2008, the offshore drilling industry slumps in 2009. Lower oil prices lead oil companies to reduce drilling budgets, and rig utilization falls from essentially 100% to 70% in some markets. Day rates--the prices paid for a rig's... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Metals and Minerals; Demand and Consumers; Price; Industry Structures; Supply and Industry; Mining; Mining Industry; Energy Industry
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Kenneth Corts, and Joseph McElroy. "The Offshore Drilling Industry in 2011." Harvard Business School Case 711-543, May 2011. (Revised August 2011.)
      • February 2011 (Revised November 2012)
      • Case

      Aquion Energy

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and David Kiron
      Leaders at Aquion Energy, a Pittsburgh-based battery start-up, are deciding on a market entry strategy. Should they pursue the large but unproven grid utility market or a smaller, but higher margin market? View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Production; Business Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Innovation Strategy; Disruptive Innovation; Market Entry and Exit; Performance Capacity; Energy Industry
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R., and David Kiron. "Aquion Energy." Harvard Business School Case 811-047, February 2011. (Revised November 2012.)
      • November 1992 (Revised May 1993)
      • Case

      American Mobile Satellite Corporation

      By: Frank V. Cespedes and Laura Goode
      American Mobile Satellite Corp. (AMSC) has a license to provide wireless mobile communications via satellite throughout the United States and 200 miles of coastal waters. The first satellite launch is scheduled for 1994 and, in the interim, AMSC is providing limited... View Details
      Keywords: Wireless Technology; Decisions; Distribution Channels; Marketing Strategy; Product Development; Sales; Emerging Markets; Resource Allocation; Performance Capacity; Communications Industry; Information Technology Industry; United States
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      Cespedes, Frank V., and Laura Goode. "American Mobile Satellite Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 593-038, November 1992. (Revised May 1993.)
      • July 1990 (Revised August 1994)
      • Case

      U.S. Auto Industry: Scenarios and Choices for the 1990s

      By: Malcolm S. Salter
      Asks students to prepare a capacity utilization scenario for the U.S. auto industry in 1992 and to propose proper courses of action for Ford and General Motors in the face of globalizing competition. The subject is "corporate strategy in an overcapacitized world."... View Details
      Keywords: Globalization; Business or Company Management; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Auto Industry; United States
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      Salter, Malcolm S. "U.S. Auto Industry: Scenarios and Choices for the 1990s." Harvard Business School Case 391-001, July 1990. (Revised August 1994.)
      • February 1987 (Revised February 2000)
      • Case

      Polysar Limited

      By: Robert L. Simons
      Canada's largest chemical company produces and markets butyl rubber in two divisions, each treated as a profit center. The new plant in the North American Division operates below capacity resulting in a significant volume variance and an operating loss. The European... View Details
      Keywords: Loss; Profit; Financial Management; Volume; Performance Capacity; Financial Statements; For-Profit Firms; Market Participation; Chemical Industry; Rubber Industry; Canada
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      Simons, Robert L. "Polysar Limited." Harvard Business School Case 187-098, February 1987. (Revised February 2000.)
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