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- Faculty Publications (10)
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- All HBS Web (22)
- Faculty Publications (10)
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- 2001
- Case
Encyclopedia Britannica (C)
By: Vijay Govindarajan and Praveen Kopalle
In October of 1999, EBI offered a new Internet service at www.britannica.com. EBI provided access to the entire text and graphics of Encyclopedia Britannica absolutely free of charge. Its revenues came from on-line advertising, sponsorships, and a percentage of goods... View Details
Keywords: Online Technology; Online Advertising; Business Strategy; Information Publishing; Web Services Industry
Govindarajan, Vijay, and Praveen Kopalle. "Encyclopedia Britannica (C)." 2001. (Case No. 2-0009.)
- August 1995 (Revised December 1997)
- Case
Encyclopaedia Britannica (A)
Examines the growth of the CD-ROM publishing industry and its impact on the Encyclopaedia Britannica Co., which chose to ignore it. View Details
Keywords: Information Technology; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Information Publishing; Publishing Industry
Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Thomas A. Gerace. "Encyclopaedia Britannica (A)." Harvard Business School Case 396-051, August 1995. (Revised December 1997.)
- 2001
- Case
Encyclopedia Britannica (B)
By: Vijay Govindarajan and Praveen Kopalle
In response to the threat from Encarta (Microsoft), Encyclopedia Britannica (EBI) published its text on a two-CD set that was offered free to consumers who purchased the print set and charged $995 if the consumer wanted solely to purchase the CD. By 1996, the company... View Details
Govindarajan, Vijay, and Praveen Kopalle. "Encyclopedia Britannica (B)." 2001. (Case No. 2-0008.)
- 2001
- Case
Encylopedia Britannica (A)
By: Vijay Govindarajan and Praveen Kopalle
Two Scotsmen, Colin Macfarquhar, a printer, and Andrew Bell, an engraver, formed a partnership in 1768 to publish a "Dictionary of Arts and Sciences." The initial three-volume set was published as Encyclopedia Britannica. By 1990, consumers were purchasing the volumes... View Details
Govindarajan, Vijay, and Praveen Kopalle. "Encylopedia Britannica (A)." 2001. (Case No. 2-0007.)
- September 2018
- Article
Do Experts or Crowd-Based Models Produce More Bias? Evidence from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia
By: Shane Greenstein and Feng Zhu
Organizations today can use both crowds and experts to produce knowledge. While prior work compares the accuracy of crowd-produced and expert-produced knowledge, we compare bias in these two models in the context of contested knowledge, which involves subjective,... View Details
Keywords: Online Community; Collective Intelligence; Wisdom Of Crowds; Bias; Wikipedia; Britannica; Knowledge Production; Knowledge Sharing; Knowledge Dissemination; Prejudice and Bias
Greenstein, Shane, and Feng Zhu. "Do Experts or Crowd-Based Models Produce More Bias? Evidence from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia." MIS Quarterly 42, no. 3 (September 2018): 945–959.
- May 2017
- Article
The Reference Wars: Encyclopædia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence
By: Shane Greenstein
The experience of Encyclopædia Britannica provides the canonical example of the decline of an established firm at the outset of the digital age. Competition from Microsoft’s Encarta in 1993 led to sharp declines in the sales of books, which led to the distressed sale... View Details
Keywords: Digital; Britannica; Diseconomies; Encyclopedias; Applications and Software; Books; Competition; Publishing Industry
Greenstein, Shane. "The Reference Wars: Encyclopædia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence." Strategic Management Journal 38, no. 5 (May 2017): 995–1017.
- 07 Nov 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Do Experts or Collective Intelligence Write with More Bias? Evidence from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia
- 19 Jan 2015
- Research & Ideas
Is Wikipedia More Biased Than Encyclopædia Britannica?
For more than a century, the long, stately rows of Encyclopædia Britannica have been a fixture on the shelves of many an educated person's home—the smooshed-together diphthong in the first word a symbol of old-world erudition and... View Details
- 2016
- Working Paper
The Reference Wars: Encyclopedia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence
By: Shane Greenstein
The experience of Encyclopædia Britannica provides the canonical example of the decline of an established firm at the outset of the digital age. Competition from Microsoft's Encarta in 1993 led to sharp declines in the sales of books, which led to the distressed sale... View Details
Keywords: Market Entry and Exit; Service Operations; Emerging Markets; Applications and Software; Books; Information Technology Industry; Information Industry
Greenstein, Shane. "The Reference Wars: Encyclopedia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence." Working Paper, April 2016.
- 21 Oct 2014
- First Look
First Look: October 21
subjective well-being. Download working paper: http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/15-021_500f17e8-a78c-4301-a2be-755a1fdd6679.pdf Do Experts or Collective Intelligence Write with More Bias? Evidence from Encyclopædia View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 06 Jun 2017
- First Look
First Look at New Research and Ideas: June 6, 2017
Quarterly Do Experts or Collective Intelligence Write with More Bias? Evidence from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia By: Greenstein, Shane, and Feng Zhu Abstract—Organizations today can use both crowds and experts to produce... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 10 May 2016
- First Look
May 10, 2016
Decline and Encarta's Emergence By: Greenstein, Shane Abstract—The experience of Encyclopædia Britannica provides the canonical example of the decline of an established firm at the outset of the digital age. Competition from Microsoft’s... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel
- 08 Jun 2009
- Research & Ideas
The Return of the Salesman
within the broader themes of history, including society, politics, culture, and gender. How, for instance, did the experience of women working for Avon differ from those of men working at Encyclopedia Britannica or other sales-oriented... View Details
- 23 Jul 2007
- Research & Ideas
HBS Cases: How Wikipedia Works (or Doesn’t)
Britannica had 123 errors while Wikipedia had 162 (for averages of 2.9 and 3.9 errors per article, respectively.) For the editors at Britannica, that may be a little too close for comfort. It's the kind of success that attracted McAfee,... View Details
- 12 May 2003
- Research & Ideas
How Hot is the “Hot Spot” Business?
information" issued until that moment, from the Encyclopedia Britannica to audio and video. "I think it will be a radical change toward much, much more information and user empowerment. I believe that business models will emerge... View Details