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      • October 2016
      • Case

      Supercell

      By: William R. Kerr, Benjamin F. Jones and Alexis Brownell
      Supercell is a young Finnish smartphone game company with an unusual team structure and company philosophy. It is already one of Finland’s most valuable companies, and despite being only six years old, it has put up some impressive numbers: as of 2016, it has released... View Details
      Keywords: Supercell; Finland; Video Games; Firm Structure; Startups; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Groups and Teams; Video Game Industry; Finland
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      Kerr, William R., Benjamin F. Jones, and Alexis Brownell. "Supercell." Harvard Business School Case 817-052, October 2016.
      • September 2016
      • Article

      Monitoring Global Supply Chains

      By: Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel and Andrea R. Hugill
      Firms seeking to avoid reputational spillovers that can arise from dangerous, illegal, and unethical behavior at supply chain factories are increasingly relying on private social auditors to provide strategic information about suppliers' conduct. But little is known... View Details
      Keywords: Monitoring; Transaction Cost Economics; Industry Self-regulation; Auditing; Codes Of Conduct; Supply Chains; Corporate Social Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Supply Chain; Globalization
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      Short, Jodi L., Michael W. Toffel, and Andrea R. Hugill. "Monitoring Global Supply Chains." Strategic Management Journal 37, no. 9 (September 2016): 1878–1897. (Video abstract (4 minutes). Working Knowledge article for practitioners.)
      • August 2016 (Revised November 2019)
      • Supplement

      eSig: Growth Analysis

      By: Mark N. Roberge and Thomas R. Eisenmann
      eSig, an early-stage startup, offers an electronic signature application as a "freemium" product, i.e., users can upgrade from a free basic version to a premium version by paying a subscription fee. Using 9 months of data from 50,000 user activations, available as a... View Details
      Keywords: Esignature; Computer Software; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Management; Marketing Channels; Applications and Software; Computer Industry; United States
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      Roberge, Mark N., and Thomas R. Eisenmann. "eSig: Growth Analysis." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 817-701, August 2016. (Revised November 2019.)
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Immigrant Entrepreneurship

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr
      We examine immigrant entrepreneurship and the survival and growth of immigrant-founded businesses over time relative to native-founded companies. Our work quantifies immigrant contributions to new firm creation in a wide variety of fields using multiple definitions.... View Details
      Keywords: Immigrants; Entrepreneurs; Entry; Firms; Growth; High-tech Marketing; Venture Capital; Entrepreneurship; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, and William R. Kerr. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-011, July 2016. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 22385, July 2016.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Institutional Environments and Monitoring Program Design

      By: Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel and Andrea R. Hugill
      Activism seeking to improve labor conditions in global supply chains has led transnational corporations to adopt codes of conduct and monitor suppliers for compliance, but it is unclear whether these formal organizational structures raise labor standards. Drawing on... View Details
      Keywords: Monitoring; Supplier Relationship; Sustainability; Sustainability Management; Sustainable Operations; Sustainable Supply Chains; NGO; Globalization; Corporate Accountability; Operations; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Labor; Working Conditions; Business Processes; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Performance Evaluation; Safety; Risk and Uncertainty; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Electronics Industry; China; Indonesia; India; Bangladesh
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      Short, Jodi L., Michael W. Toffel, and Andrea R. Hugill. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Institutional Environments and Monitoring Program Design." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-001, July 2016. (Revised September 2019. Formerly titled "Code Contingencies: Designing Monitoring Regimes to Promote Improvement in Supply Chain Working Conditions" and "Beyond Symbolic Responses to Private Politics.")
      • July 2016
      • Article

      Taxation, Corruption, and Growth

      By: Philippe Aghion, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé and William R. Kerr
      We build an endogenous growth model to analyze the relationships between taxation, corruption, and economic growth. Entrepreneurs lie at the center of the model and face disincentive effects from taxation but acquire positive benefits from public infrastructure.... View Details
      Keywords: Endogenous Growth; Public Goods; Corruption; Crime and Corruption; Entrepreneurship; Taxation; Economic Growth
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      Aghion, Philippe, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé, and William R. Kerr. "Taxation, Corruption, and Growth." Special Issue on The Economics of Entrepreneurship. European Economic Review 86 (July 2016): 24–51.
      • 2016
      • Chapter

      Innovation Experiments: Researching Technical Advance, Knowledge Production and the Design of Supporting Institutions

      By: Kevin J. Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani
      This paper discusses several challenges in designing field experiments to better understand how organizational and institutional design shapes innovation outcomes and the production of knowledge. We proceed to describe the field experimental research program carried... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Design; Research; Knowledge; Innovation and Invention
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      Boudreau, Kevin J., and Karim R. Lakhani. "Innovation Experiments: Researching Technical Advance, Knowledge Production and the Design of Supporting Institutions." In Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 16, edited by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern, 135–167. National Bureau of Economic Research, and University of Chicago Press, 2016.
      • 2016
      • Book

      Revolutionizing Innovation: Users, Communities, and Open Innovation

      By: Dietmar Harhoff and Karim R. Lakhani
      The last two decades have witnessed an extraordinary growth of new models of managing and organizing the innovation process, which emphasize users over producers. Large parts of the knowledge economy now routinely rely on users, communities, and open innovation... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Management; Transformation; Collaborative Innovation and Invention
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      Harhoff, Dietmar and Karim R. Lakhani, eds. Revolutionizing Innovation: Users, Communities, and Open Innovation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016.
      • March 2016
      • Article

      Trade Credit and Taxes

      By: Mihir Desai, C. Fritz Foley and James R. Hines Jr.
      This paper analyzes the extent to which firms use trade credit to reallocate capital in response to tax incentives. Tax-induced differences in pretax returns encourage the use of trade credit to reallocate capital from firms facing low tax rates to those facing high... View Details
      Keywords: Taxation; Trade; Credit; Capital
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      Desai, Mihir, C. Fritz Foley, and James R. Hines Jr. "Trade Credit and Taxes." Review of Economics and Statistics 98, no. 1 (March 2016): 132–139.
      • Article

      Transition to Clean Technology

      By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit, Douglas Hanley and William R. Kerr
      We develop a microeconomic model of endogenous growth where clean and dirty technologies compete in production and innovation, in the sense that research can be directed to either clean or dirty technologies. If dirty technologies are more advanced to start with, the... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology Industry
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      Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, Douglas Hanley, and William R. Kerr. "Transition to Clean Technology." Special Issue on Climate Change and the Economy. Journal of Political Economy 124, no. 2 (February 2016): 52–104.
      • November 2015 (Revised October 2017)
      • Case

      Nestlé's Creating Shared Value Strategy

      By: Michael E. Porter, Mark R. Kramer, Kerry Herman and Sarah McAra
      This case considers Nestlé’s creating shared value (CSV) strategy, which focused on the three categories of nutrition, water, and rural development. In the packaged food and beverage industry, pressure had mounted since the 1990s to improve supply chain sustainability... View Details
      Keywords: Shared Value; Health And Wellness; Nutrition; Health; Labor; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Operations; Food and Beverage Industry; Switzerland; Europe; Africa; Latin America; North America; Asia
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      Porter, Michael E., Mark R. Kramer, Kerry Herman, and Sarah McAra. "Nestlé's Creating Shared Value Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 716-422, November 2015. (Revised October 2017.)
      • November 2015 (Revised May 2016)
      • Case

      Aspiring Minds

      By: Karim R. Lakhani, Marco Iansiti and Christine Snively
      By 2015, India-based employment assessment and certification provider Aspiring Minds had helped facilitate over 300,000 job matches through its assessment tools. Aspiring Minds' flagship product, the Aspiring Minds Computer Adaptive Test (AMCAT), used machine learning... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Strategy; Higher Education; Technological Innovation; Employment; Technology Industry; India; China
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      Lakhani, Karim R., Marco Iansiti, and Christine Snively. "Aspiring Minds." Harvard Business School Case 616-013, November 2015. (Revised May 2016.)
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Discretionary Task Ordering: Queue Management in Radiological Services

      By: Maria Ibanez, Jonathan R. Clark, Robert S. Huckman and Bradley R. Staats
      Work scheduling research typically prescribes task sequences implemented by managers. Yet employees often have discretion to deviate from their prescribed sequence. Using data from 2.4 million radiological diagnoses, we find that doctors prioritize similar tasks... View Details
      Keywords: Discretion; Scheduling; Queue; Healthcare; Learning; Experience; Decentralization; Delegation; Behavioral Operations; Operations; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Performance; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Efficiency; Performance Improvement; Performance Productivity; Decisions; Time Management; Cost vs Benefits; Health Industry
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      Ibanez, Maria, Jonathan R. Clark, Robert S. Huckman, and Bradley R. Staats. "Discretionary Task Ordering: Queue Management in Radiological Services." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-051, October 2015. (Revised March 2017.)
      • October 2015
      • Case

      BandPage (A)

      By: Karim R. Lakhani, Colin Maclay and Greta Friar
      BandPage CEO James "J" Sider is about to receive results from BandPage's targeted advertising campaign on music streaming service Rhapsody and learn whether BandPage's strategy to improve ad click through rates and generate revenue has succeeded. BandPage, which began... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Innovation; Digital Music; Digital Marketing; Mobile Marketing; Technological Innovation; Marketing Communications; Music Entertainment; Mobile Technology; Music Industry
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      Lakhani, Karim R., Colin Maclay, and Greta Friar. "BandPage (A)." Harvard Business School Case 616-015, October 2015.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Cohort Turnover and Operational Performance: The July Phenomenon in Teaching Hospitals

      By: Hummy Song, Robert S. Huckman and Jason R. Barro
      We consider the impact of cohort turnover—the planned simultaneous exit of a large number of experienced employees and a similarly sized entry of new workers—on operational performance in the context of teaching hospitals. Specifically, we examine the impact of the... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Operations; Hospitals; Productivity; Empirical Operations; Service Delivery; Training; Performance Productivity; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry; United States
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      Song, Hummy, Robert S. Huckman, and Jason R. Barro. "Cohort Turnover and Operational Performance: The July Phenomenon in Teaching Hospitals." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-039, September 2015. (Revised September 2016. Finalist, 2015 POMS College of Healthcare Operations Management Best Paper Competition.)
      • August 2015 (Revised May 2017)
      • Case

      TSG Hoffenheim: Football in the Age of Analytics

      By: Feng Zhu, Karim R. Lakhani, Sascha L. Schmidt and Kerry Herman
      In 2015, Dietmar Hopp, owner of Germany's Bundesliga football team TSG Hoffenheim and co-founder of the global enterprise software company SAP, was considering how to ensure long-term sustainability and competitiveness for TSG Hoffenheim. While historically a small... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Measurement and Metrics; Sports; Sports Industry
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      Zhu, Feng, Karim R. Lakhani, Sascha L. Schmidt, and Kerry Herman. "TSG Hoffenheim: Football in the Age of Analytics." Harvard Business School Case 616-010, August 2015. (Revised May 2017.)
      • July 2015
      • Article

      Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of U.S. Firms

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and William F. Lincoln
      We study the impact of skilled immigrants on the employment structures of U.S. firms using matched employer-employee data. Unlike most previous work, we use the firm as the lens of analysis to account for a greater level of heterogeneity and the fact that many skilled... View Details
      Keywords: Firms; Scientists; Engineers; Inventors; H-1B; Age; Employment; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and William F. Lincoln. "Skilled Immigration and the Employment Structures of U.S. Firms." Journal of Labor Economics 33, no. S1 (July 2015): S147–S186.
      • April 2015
      • Article

      Anxious and Egocentric: How Specific Emotions Influence Perspective Taking

      By: Andrew R. Todd, Matthias Forstmann, Pascal Burgmer, Alison Wood Brooks and Adam D. Galinsky
      People frequently feel anxious. Although prior research has extensively studied how feeling anxious shapes intrapsychic aspects of cognition, much less is known about how anxiety affects interpersonal aspects of cognition. Here, we examine the influence of incidental... View Details
      Keywords: Anxiety; Egocentrism; Emotion; Perspective Taking; Risk and Uncertainty; Perspective; Emotions
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      Todd, Andrew R., Matthias Forstmann, Pascal Burgmer, Alison Wood Brooks, and Adam D. Galinsky. "Anxious and Egocentric: How Specific Emotions Influence Perspective Taking." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 144, no. 2 (April 2015): 374–391.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Informal Tradables and the Employment Growth of Indian Manufacturing

      By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Alexander Segura
      India's manufacturing growth from 1989 to 2010 displays two intriguing properties: 1) a substantial fraction of absolute and net employment growth is concentrated in informal tradable industries, and 2) much of this growth is connected to the development of one-person... View Details
      Keywords: Manufacturing; India; Informality; Small And Medium-sized Enterprises; Development Economics; Manufacturing Industry; India
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      Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Alexander Segura. "Informal Tradables and the Employment Growth of Indian Manufacturing." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No. 7206, March 2015.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      House Prices, Home Equity and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from U.S. Census Micro Data

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and Ramana Nanda
      During 1992-2007, house price growth is strongly correlated with local entrepreneurship. We show with Census Bureau data that most of this entry is related to construction and real estate; these entrants tend to be small and short-lived. Using a 1998 Texas reform that... View Details
      Keywords: House Prices; Collateral Channel; Entry; Demography; Mortgages; Entrepreneurship
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and Ramana Nanda. "House Prices, Home Equity and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from U.S. Census Micro Data." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-069, February 2015. (Revised June 2022.)
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