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- 2025
- Article
Statistical Inference for Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Discovered by Generic Machine Learning in Randomized Experiments
By: Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li
Researchers are increasingly turning to machine learning (ML) algorithms to investigate causal heterogeneity in randomized experiments. Despite their promise, ML algorithms may fail to accurately ascertain heterogeneous treatment effects under practical settings with... View Details
Imai, Kosuke, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Statistical Inference for Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Discovered by Generic Machine Learning in Randomized Experiments." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 43, no. 1 (2025): 256–268.
- 2025
- Book
Talk: The Science of Conversation and the Art of Being Ourselves
We all struggle with difficult conversations, but we're often not very good at easy ones either. Though we do it all the time, conversation is one of the most complex, demanding, and delicate of all human tasks, rife with possibilities for misinterpretation and... View Details
Keywords: Interpersonal Communication
Brooks, Alison Wood. Talk: The Science of Conversation and the Art of Being Ourselves. Crown, 2025.
- January–February 2025
- Article
The Double-Edged Sword of Exemplar Similarity
By: Majid Majzoubi, Eric Zhao, Tiona Zuzul and Greg Fisher
We investigate how a firm’s positioning relative to category exemplars shapes security analysts’ evaluations. Using a two-stage model of evaluation (initial screening and subsequent assessment), we propose that exemplar similarity enhances a firm’s recognizability and... View Details
Majzoubi, Majid, Eric Zhao, Tiona Zuzul, and Greg Fisher. "The Double-Edged Sword of Exemplar Similarity." Organization Science 36, no. 1 (January–February 2025): 121–144.
- January–February 2025
- Article
Why People Resist Embracing AI
The success of AI depends not only on its capabilities, which are becoming more advanced each day, but on people’s willingness to harness them. Unfortunately, many people view AI negatively, fearing it will cause job losses, increase the likelihood that their personal... View Details
De Freitas, Julian. "Why People Resist Embracing AI." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 1 (January–February 2025): 52–56.
- January–February 2025
- Article
Why People Resist Embracing AI: The Five Main Obstacles—and How To Overcome Them
The success of AI depends not only on its capabilities, which are becoming more advanced each day, but on people’s willingness to harness them. Unfortunately, many people view AI negatively, fearing it will cause job losses, increase the likelihood that their personal... View Details
De Freitas, Julian. "Why People Resist Embracing AI: The Five Main Obstacles—and How To Overcome Them." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 1 (January–February 2025).
- December 2024
- Supplement
Norse Atlantic Airways
By: Willy C. Shih
Charles Duncan discusses the jobs that customers hire Norse Atlantic Airways to do, and the challenges associated with its low-cost long-haul business model. View Details
Shih, Willy C. "Norse Atlantic Airways." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 625-701, December 2024.
- December 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
The Shouldice Hospital Today
By: James Heskett and Roger Hallowell
The leadership and staff of Shouldice Hospital in Toronto, Canada have, for 75 years, sought to do one thing better than any other hospital in the world, repair inguinal hernias. For some years, a possible second hospital in another market has been under consideration.... View Details
Keywords: Joint Ventures; Health Care and Treatment; Growth and Development Strategy; Organizational Culture; Expansion; Health Industry; Toronto; Canada; United States
Heskett, James, and Roger Hallowell. "The Shouldice Hospital Today." Harvard Business School Case 925-302, December 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- December 18, 2024
- Article
Is AI the Right Tool to Solve That Problem?
By: Paolo Cervini, Chiara Farronato, Pushmeet Kohli and Marshall W Van Alstyne
While AI has the potential to solve major problems, organizations embarking on such journeys of often encounter obstacles. They include a dearth of high-quality data; too many possible solutions; the lack of a clear, measurable objective; and difficulty in identifying... View Details
Cervini, Paolo, Chiara Farronato, Pushmeet Kohli, and Marshall W Van Alstyne. "Is AI the Right Tool to Solve That Problem?" Harvard Business Review (website) (December 18, 2024).
- December 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
KLog.co—Charting the Course of Its Future
By: Juan Alcácer, Jorge Tirado and Thomas Occhipinti
Alcácer, Juan, Jorge Tirado, and Thomas Occhipinti. "KLog.co—Charting the Course of Its Future." Harvard Business School Case 725-410, December 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- December 2024
- Case
5G Networks
By: Andy Wu, Levi Stroud and Ruth Page
This case, featuring Ajit Pai, Former Chairman of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission, explores the potential of 5G wireless networks. It illustrates how 5G works by examining its infrastructure and technological advancements. The case considers the specific... View Details
Keywords: Investment; Technology Adoption; Technological Innovation; Infrastructure; Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry; United States
Wu, Andy, Levi Stroud, and Ruth Page. "5G Networks." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 724-865, December 2024.
- December 2024
- Supplement
5G Networks (B)
By: Andy Wu, Levi Stroud and Ruth Page
Pre-Abstract: This multimedia case should be assigned to students in advance of class. Instructors should consider the timing of making the B and C video available to students, as they may reveal key case details.
Abstract: Featuring Ajit Pai, Former... View Details
Abstract: Featuring Ajit Pai, Former... View Details
Keywords: Investment; Technology Adoption; Technological Innovation; Infrastructure; Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry; United States
Wu, Andy, Levi Stroud, and Ruth Page. "5G Networks (B)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 724-866, December 2024.
- December 2024
- Case
Tencent Games
By: Rebecca Karp, Billy Chan and Nancy Hua Dai
For years, Tencent Games, a division of China’s largest internet company, had taken the lion’s share of revenue in the global gaming market with blockbuster titles such as “League of Legends” and “PUBG: Battlegrounds.” These games defined the game genres that they... View Details
Keywords: Decisions; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Development; Organizational Culture; Business Strategy; Investment; Competitive Strategy; Video Game Industry; Europe; China
Karp, Rebecca, Billy Chan, and Nancy Hua Dai. "Tencent Games." Harvard Business School Case 725-411, December 2024.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Too Much, Too Soon? Early Funding, Technological Unconventionality, and Innovation Capabilities
By: Harsh Ketkar and Maria Roche
The availability of financial resources significantly shapes firm innovation outcomes, especially for early-stage,
innovation-focused technology firms. However, prior research has provided conflicting findings about this
relationship: On the one hand, resource... View Details
Keywords: Startups; Technology Strategy; Novelty; Unconventionality; Resource Constraints; Early Stage Firms; Business Startups; Technological Innovation; Entrepreneurial Finance
Ketkar, Harsh, and Maria Roche. "Too Much, Too Soon? Early Funding, Technological Unconventionality, and Innovation Capabilities." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-032, December 2024. (Revised February 2025.)
- December 2024
- Case
AC Milan
By: Anita Elberse
In April 2024, Giorgio Furlani is nearing the end of his first full season as chief executive officer of Italian soccer club AC Milan. A Harvard Business School Class of 2007 graduate with a finance background, Furlani was appointed by RedBird Capital Partners’ founder... View Details
Keywords: Sports; Soccer; Football; Entertainment; Media; Talent Management; Superstars; Marketing; Strategy; General Management; Mergers and Acquisitions; Leadership; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Sports Industry; Milan
Elberse, Anita. "AC Milan." Harvard Business School Case 525-025, December 2024.
- December 2024
- Case
Core Innovation Capital: Investing in Fintech for Good
In 2017, Arjan Schütte, founder of Core Innovation Capital, faced a decision on whether to invest in Hugo Insurance, an auto insurance startup. Core, an early-stage social impact VC firm, focused on “fintech for good,” by investing in financial services for low- to... View Details
Keywords: Fintech; Venture Capital; Social Entrepreneurship; Insurance; Measurement and Metrics; Investment; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Product Positioning; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; Insurance Industry; United States
Kluender, Ray, Natalia Rigol, Benjamin Roth, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Core Innovation Capital: Investing in Fintech for Good." Harvard Business School Case 825-064, December 2024.
- December 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
WayCool: Addressing Food Loss
By: Rajiv Lal and Kairavi Dey
Headquartered in Chennai, India, WayCool started by focusing on solving the growing challenge of food losses and low farmer incomes. Dasari and Jayaraman, surprised at the amount of fruits and vegetables lost in the agricultural supply chain, set up the company with... View Details
Keywords: Agribusiness; Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Food; Supply Chain; Loss; Expansion; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Asia; India; Bangalore; Chennai
Lal, Rajiv, and Kairavi Dey. "WayCool: Addressing Food Loss." Harvard Business School Case 525-041, December 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- December 2024 (Revised January 2025)
- Case
Balancing Returns and Responsibilities at Raya Partners
By: Arthur Segel, Ephraim Mernick, Derek C. M. van Bever and Olivia Barba
Raya Partners, a private equity firm, faces a crucial decision regarding Asa Specialty Coatings Company (ASCC). The dilemma involves shifting ASCC's manufacturing operations to Mexico, a move that would boost profitability and reduce emissions but result in significant... View Details
Keywords: Factories, Labs, and Plants; Communication Strategy; Private Equity; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Values and Beliefs; Financial Services Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Mexico; Vermont
Segel, Arthur, Ephraim Mernick, Derek C. M. van Bever, and Olivia Barba. "Balancing Returns and Responsibilities at Raya Partners." Harvard Business School Case 325-068, December 2024. (Revised January 2025.)
- December 2024
- Case
Enerjisa Üretim: The Digital Era of Electricity Generation
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Sadika El Hariri
Launched in 2017, Enerjisa Üretim was one of Türkiye’s largest private sector electricity companies. In its early days, the company faced some financial and operational troubles. When İhsan Erbil Bayçöl, the current CEO of Enerjisa Üretim, joined the business in 2018,... View Details
Keywords: Private Sector; Performance Improvement; Renewable Energy; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Units; Partners and Partnerships; Leadership; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Turkey
Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Sadika El Hariri. "Enerjisa Üretim: The Digital Era of Electricity Generation." Harvard Business School Case 625-022, December 2024.
- December 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
Strategy and CEO Succession at Starbucks
By: Krishna G. Palepu and David Lane
On August 13, 2024, Starbucks announced that Laxman Narasimhan who was appointed as the CEO only in September 2023, was stepping down as CEO and board director “with immediate effect.” Laxman would be replaced on September 9 by Brian Niccol, CEO since 2018 of Chipotle... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Corporate Governance; Leadership; Management Succession; Cost Management; Labor Unions; Working Conditions; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Service Operations; Investment Activism; Governing and Advisory Boards; Resignation and Termination; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
Palepu, Krishna G., and David Lane. "Strategy and CEO Succession at Starbucks." Harvard Business School Case 125-040, December 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- December 5, 2024
- Article
A Consensus Definition of Creativity in Surgery: A Delphi Study Protocol
By: Alex Thabane, Tyler McKechnie, Phillip Staibano, Vikram Arora, Goran Calic, Jason W. Busse, Sameer Parpia and Mohit Bhandari
Introduction
Clear definitions are essential in science, particularly in the study of abstract phenomena like creativity. Due to its inherent complexity and domain-specific nature, the study of creativity has been complicated, as evidenced by the various... View Details
Clear definitions are essential in science, particularly in the study of abstract phenomena like creativity. Due to its inherent complexity and domain-specific nature, the study of creativity has been complicated, as evidenced by the various... View Details
Thabane, Alex, Tyler McKechnie, Phillip Staibano, Vikram Arora, Goran Calic, Jason W. Busse, Sameer Parpia, and Mohit Bhandari. "A Consensus Definition of Creativity in Surgery: A Delphi Study Protocol." PLoS ONE 19, no. 12 (December 5, 2024).