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  • 2022
  • Working Paper

Consumer Demand with Social Influences: Evidence from an E-Commerce Platform

By: El Hadi Caoui, Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton and Robert Schultz
For some kinds of goods, rarity itself is valued. "Fashionable'" goods are demanded in part because they are unique. In this paper, we explore the economics of rare goods using auctions of limited-edition shoes held by an e-commerce platform. We model endogenous entry... View Details
Keywords: Rare Goods; Scarcity; E-commerce; Consumer Behavior; Auctions
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  • 05 Jun 2019
  • Working Paper Summaries

How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice

Keywords: by Ryan W. Buell and Basak Kalkanci
  • 2011
  • Working Paper

Observation Bias: The Impact of Demand Censoring on Newsvendor Level and Adjustment Behavior

By: David F. Drake
In an experimental newsvendor setting we investigate three phenomena: Level behavior — the decision-maker's average ordering tendency; adjustment behavior — the tendency to adjust period-to-period order quantities; and observation bias — the tendency to let the degree... View Details
Keywords: Cost; Consumer Behavior; Decision Making; Prejudice and Bias; Profit
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  • 30 Aug 2020
  • Working Paper Summaries

Consumers Punish Firms that Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19

Keywords: by Bhavya Mohan, Serena Hagerty, and Michael Norton
  • 2008
  • Working Paper

Consumer Demand for Prize-Linked Savings: A Preliminary Analysis

By: P. Tufano, Nick Maynard and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve
This paper reports on a small-scale survey of the potential American demand for prize-linked savings accounts, an account that awards prizes as part of the saving product's return. In October 2006, Centra Credit Union launched a prize-linked savings pilot. As part of... View Details
Keywords: Saving; Income; Consumer Behavior; Personal Finance; Investment Return; Banks and Banking; Clarksville
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  • 2025
  • Working Paper

Designing Consent: Choice Architecture and Consumer Welfare in Data Sharing

By: Chiara Farronato, Audrey Fradkin and Tesary Lin
We study the welfare consequences of choice architecture for online privacy using a field experiment that randomizes cookie consent banners. We study three ways in which firms or policymakers can influence choices: (1) nudging users through banner design to encourage... View Details
Keywords: Consumer Behavior; Decision Choices and Conditions; Welfare; Policy
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  • November 1999 (Revised December 1999)
  • Case

Safe Food Act, The: A Consumer Group's Perspective

By: Ray A. Goldberg, Carin-Isabel Knoop and Hal Hogan
The Center for Science in the Public Interest is taking a position on creating a new safety leadership vehicle in the U.S. government. How should it plead its cause? What are the position merits and faults? View Details
Keywords: Food; System; Consumer Behavior; Government and Politics; Safety; Leadership; United States
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  • 10 Jan 2024
  • Research & Ideas

Technology and COVID Upended Tipping Norms. Will Consumers Keep Paying?

percent or less for bad service. That was the expectation up until COVID.” However, “post-COVID,” as businesses came back from pandemic-induced lockdowns, consumer behavior shifted. “Consumers started to... View Details
Keywords: by Anna Lamb, Harvard Gazette
  • June 2016
  • Teaching Note

Filene's Basement: Inside a Fired Customer's Relationship

By: Jill Avery and Susan Fournier
How, in a business climate in which building relationships with customers has dominated both managerial thought and marketing budgets, could Filene's Basement have fired a loyal customer, one who was formally and informally recognized as a best customer? This case... View Details
Keywords: CRM; Customer Profitability Analysis; Customer Lifetime Value; Consumer Behavior; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Brands and Branding; Customer Relationship Management; Retail Industry; United States
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  • 2014
  • Other Teaching and Training Material

Marketing Reading: Creating Customer Value

By: Sunil Gupta
This Reading explores how firms can create value for their customers. The goal of any business is to delight customers by understanding its customers' needs and to provide products and services to meet those needs. As a result, it is critical to understand what... View Details
Keywords: Consumer Behavior; Consumer Marketing; Customer Experience; Network Effects; Service Profit Chain; Total Customer Value
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  • 2025
  • Working Paper

In Privacy We Trust: The Effect of Privacy Regulations on Data Sharing Behavior

By: Ozge Demirci, Ayelet Israeli and Eva Ascarza
This paper studies the impact of privacy policies on consumer data-sharing behavior, focusing on policy changes in California and Virginia that took effect in 2023. Using data from a leading customer engagement app in the United States, where users upload shopping... View Details
Keywords: Privacy; Privacy Regulation; Data Sharing; Digital Platforms; Policy; Surveys; Behavior; Public Opinion; California; Virginia
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  • 23 Mar 2015
  • Research & Ideas

It’s Called ‘Price Coherence,’ and It’s Surprisingly Bad for Consumers

Consumers often have the following choice: Either buy something directly from a retailer, or buy it indirectly through an intermediary, which partners with the retailer to attract more buyers. Think purchasing a plane ticket straight from... View Details
Keywords: by Carmen Nobel; Retail; Air Transportation; Food & Beverage; Entertainment & Recreation
  • 25 Oct 2016
  • Working Paper Summaries

'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions

Keywords: by Silvia Bellezza, Joshua M. Ackerman, and Francesca Gino; Telecommunications
  • August 2015
  • Article

Cost Conscious? The Neural and Behavioral Impact of Price Primacy on Decision-Making

By: Uma R. Karmarkar, Baba Shiv and Brian Knutson
Price is a key factor in most purchases, but it can be presented at different stages of decision making prior to a purchase. We examine the sequence-dependent effects of price and product information on the decision-making process at both neural and behavioral levels.... View Details
Keywords: fMRI; Retail Promotion; Purchase Decisions; Price; Value; Decision Choices and Conditions; Consumer Behavior; Product Marketing; Retail Industry
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  • Working Paper

AI in Disguise—How AI-generated Ads' Visual Cues Shape Consumer Perception and Performance

By: Yannick Exner, Jochen Hartmann, Oded Netzer and Shunyuan Zhang
Generative AI’s recent advancements in creating content have offered vast potential to transform the advertising industry. This research investigates the impact of generative AI-enabled visual ad creation on real-world advertising effectiveness. For this purpose, we... View Details
Keywords: Digital Marketing; AI and Machine Learning; Advertising; Consumer Behavior; Advertising Industry
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  • Web

Global Industry Bubble Watch - Behavioral Finance & Financial Stability

Data Global Industry Bubble Watch Download Data Set in Excel View Sector: Consumer Discretionary Consumer Discretionary Consumer Staples Energy Financials Healthcare... View Details
  • 2016
  • Book

Consumers, Corporations, and Public Health: A Case-Based Approach to Sustainable Business

By: John A. Quelch
The public health footprint associated with corporate behavior has come under increased scrutiny in the last decade, with an increased expectation that private profit not come at the expense of consumer welfare.

Consumers, Corporations, and Public... View Details
Keywords: Consumer; Corporate Culture; Public Health; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Health; Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Supply Chain Management; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Asia; Oceania; North and Central America; Middle East; Latin America; Europe
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  • 16 Jun 2015
  • Working Paper Summaries

Paying Up for Fair Pay: Consumers Prefer Firms with Lower CEO-to-Worker Pay Ratios

Keywords: by Bhavya Mohan, Michael I. Norton & Rohit Deshpandé
  • March 2022
  • Article

When Less Is More: Consumers Prefer Brands that Donate More in Relative versus Absolute Terms

By: Elizabeth A. Keenan, Anne V. Wilson and Leslie K. John
When trying to make a good impression on consumers through charitable giving, is it better for brands to maximize the overall dollars they donate or how much they give in relative terms; for example, the proportion of profits? Across five studies we show that consumers... View Details
Keywords: Cause-related Marketing; Charitable Donations; Generosity; Altruism; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Brands and Branding; Consumer Behavior
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  • Web

2018 Financial Risk and Regulation Survey - Behavioral Finance & Financial Stability

makers, HBS faculty members, and leading HBS alumni to examine and reflect on the events of the fall of 2008. In preparation for this event, the Behavioral Finance and Financial Stability Project (BFFS) at HBS conducted the 2018 Financial... View Details